1. : Sprinkler irrigation applies water in the form of:
(A) Flooding
(B) Jets or sprays simulating rainfall
(C) Subsurface flow
(D) Drip droplets near roots
2. : Drip irrigation is also known as:
(A) Subsurface irrigation
(B) Trickle irrigation
(C) Basin irrigation
(D) Furrow irrigation
3. : The efficiency of drip irrigation is about:
(A) 40–50%
(B) 60–70%
(C) 75–85%
(D) 85–95%
4. : Sprinkler irrigation is best suited for:
(A) Sandy soils and undulating topography
(B) Heavy clay soils only
(C) Flood-prone areas
(D) Flat rice fields
5. : The main advantage of drip irrigation is:
(A) Low initial cost
(B) Uniform wetting of entire field
(C) Saving of water and fertilizer application (fertigation)
(D) High evaporation losses
6. : Sprinkler irrigation is not suitable in areas with:
(A) Strong winds and high evaporation
(B) Sandy soils
(C) Permeable soils
(D) Orchards
7. : In drip irrigation, water is applied:
(A) Over entire field
(B) Near root zone of each plant
(C) As spray jets
(D) Through flood channels
8. : Portable and permanent types are associated with:
(A) Sprinkler irrigation systems
(B) Drip irrigation systems
(C) Canal irrigation
(D) Subsurface drainage
9. : The device used to control discharge in drip irrigation is called:
(A) Sprinkler head
(B) Emitter
(C) Nozzle
(D) Gate valve
10. : Sprinkler irrigation is highly efficient when:
(A) Wind speed < 10 km/h
20 km/h” onclick=”checkAnswer(‘q10’, ‘Wind speed < 10 km/h')" /> (B) Wind speed > 20 km/h
(C) Applied on clay soils
(D) Applied in swamps
11. : Drip irrigation is most suitable for:
(A) Orchards, vegetables, and row crops
(B) Paddy fields
(C) Flood irrigation in cereals
(D) Saline wastelands
12. : A common problem in drip irrigation is:
(A) Waterlogging
(B) Clogging of emitters by sediments or salts
(C) Erosion
(D) High seepage loss
13. : Sprinkler irrigation can also be used for:
(A) Crop cooling and frost protection
(B) Subsurface drainage
(C) Seepage control
(D) River training
14. : The average application efficiency of sprinkler irrigation is:
(A) 35–45%
(B) 50–60%
(C) 60–75%
(D) 70–85%
15. : The main disadvantage of drip irrigation is:
(A) High water requirement
(B) Low efficiency
(C) High initial installation cost
(D) Unsuitability for orchards
16. : The spacing of sprinkler heads depends on:
(A) Soil type and wind velocity
(B) Crop spacing
(C) Water pressure
(D) All of the above
17. : Fertigation is possible only in:
(A) Flood irrigation
(B) Basin irrigation
(C) Drip irrigation
(D) Surface irrigation
18. : In sprinkler irrigation, water is applied under:
(A) Low pressure only
(B) Atmospheric pressure
(C) Gravity
(D) Pressure through pumps or pipelines
19. : The uniformity coefficient in a well-designed drip system is usually:
85%’)” /> (A) 30–40%
85%’)” /> (B) 50–60%
85%’)” /> (C) 70–80%
85%” onclick=”checkAnswer(‘q19’, ‘> 85%’)” /> (D) > 85%
20. : Sprinkler irrigation is least effective for:
(A) Sandy soils
(B) Paddy cultivation
(C) Orchards
(D) Vegetable crops
21. : Drip irrigation reduces:
(A) Soil erosion and weed growth
(B) Soil fertility
(C) Crop yield
(D) Evapotranspiration
22. : The operating pressure of drip irrigation is usually in the range:
(A) 0.5–2.5 atm
(B) 5–10 atm
(C) 10–20 atm
(D) Atmospheric pressure only
23. : The main water distribution unit in sprinkler irrigation is called:
(A) Lateral
(B) Sprinkler nozzle
(C) Submain
(D) Field channel
24. : Drip irrigation is especially beneficial in:
(A) Water-scarce arid and semi-arid regions
(B) Flood-prone delta regions
(C) High rainfall areas
(D) Paddy cultivation
25. : A major limitation of sprinkler irrigation is:
(A) High seepage loss
(B) High evaporation losses under windy and hot conditions
(C) Low efficiency
(D) Inability to apply fertilizers