1. : The main objective of irrigation is to:
(A) Increase soil erosion
(B) Provide water to crops at the right time
(C) Reduce soil fertility
(D) Decrease crop yield
2. : Duty of water in irrigation refers to:
(A) Volume of water required for a crop
(B) Area irrigated per unit discharge of water
(C) Depth of water applied
(D) Time period of irrigation
3. : Delta of a crop represents:
(A) Total depth of water required by a crop during its base period
(B) Depth of rainfall
(C) Time period of irrigation
(D) Losses in irrigation channels
4. : Base period is defined as:
(A) The time between two irrigations
(B) The time between sowing and harvesting of a crop
(C) The time between first watering and last watering
(D) The time period of crop maturity
5. : The canal constructed along the contour line to intercept runoff is called:
(A) Contour canal
(B) Ridge canal
(C) Perennial canal
(D) Inundation canal
6. : The most efficient method of irrigation is:
(A) Flood irrigation
(B) Furrow irrigation
(C) Drip irrigation
(D) Basin irrigation
7. : Sprinkler irrigation is most suitable for:
(A) Sandy soils and undulating land
(B) Heavy clay soils
(C) Steep rocky slopes
(D) Swampy lands
8. : The process of removal of excess water from the root zone is called:
(A) Irrigation
(B) Drainage
(C) Seepage
(D) Capillarity
9. : Subsurface drainage system is mainly used to:
(A) Remove excess rainfall
(B) Lower water table and prevent waterlogging
(C) Increase infiltration
(D) Reduce evaporation
10. : Tile drains are generally used in:
(A) Surface drainage systems
(B) Subsurface drainage systems
(C) River training works
(D) Canal irrigation
11. : The process of bringing alkali soils into cultivation by leaching salts is known as:
(A) Reclamation
(B) Drainage
(C) Percolation
(D) Salinization
12. : The water requirement of rice crop is highest because:
(A) It is grown in uplands
(B) It requires standing water
(C) It is a drought-resistant crop
(D) It matures quickly
13. : The main cause of waterlogging in irrigation projects is:
(A) Poor drainage system
(B) Heavy rainfall
(C) River flooding
(D) Excessive tillage
14. : Seepage losses in irrigation canals are minimized by:
(A) Increasing water depth
(B) Canal lining
(C) Decreasing velocity
(D) Increasing width
15. : Kor period refers to:
(A) Period of maximum water requirement of a crop after sowing
(B) Period of harvesting
(C) Period of rainfall
(D) Period of canal closure
16. : The irrigation efficiency is defined as:
(A) Ratio of water stored in root zone to water delivered to field
(B) Ratio of water delivered to water lost in seepage
(C) Ratio of rainfall to irrigation
(D) Ratio of evapotranspiration to percolation
17. : Which of the following is a permanent method of drainage?
(A) Open surface ditches
(B) Tile drains
(C) Interceptor drains
(D) All of these
18. : In irrigation scheduling, IW/CPE ratio refers to:
(A) Depth of irrigation water / cumulative pan evaporation
(B) Irrigation water / canal percolation efficiency
(C) Intake water / crop production efficiency
(D) Irrigation width / contour percolation estimate
19. : Which irrigation method reduces evaporation losses the most?
(A) Flood irrigation
(B) Drip irrigation
(C) Furrow irrigation
(D) Border strip irrigation
20. : The average duty of water in India is approximately:
(A) 10 hectares/cumec
(B) 500 hectares/cumec
(C) 1,000 hectares/cumec
(D) 3,000 hectares/cumec
21. : The process of application of water below the soil surface without natural channels is called:
(A) Sprinkler irrigation
(B) Subsurface irrigation
(C) Furrow irrigation
(D) Flood irrigation
22. : The main disadvantage of flood irrigation is:
(A) High labor cost
(B) High water loss through evaporation and deep percolation
(C) Low infiltration
(D) High pumping cost
23. : Salinity hazard in irrigation water is due to:
(A) Excess sodium ions
(B) Excess chloride and sulfate salts
(C) Excess calcium ions
(D) Deficiency of nitrogen
24. : The most suitable drainage system in heavy clay soils is:
(A) Tile drainage
(B) Mole drainage
(C) Open surface drains
(D) Vertical drainage
25. : Vertical drainage system removes water by:
(A) Deep open ditches
(B) Pumping groundwater through wells
(C) Subsurface tile drains
(D) Surface canals