1. : The traditional method of applying water by flooding the entire field surface is called:
(A) Furrow irrigation
(B) Flood irrigation
(C) Sprinkler irrigation
(D) Drip irrigation
2. : The most efficient irrigation method is:
(A) Border strip irrigation
(B) Sprinkler irrigation
(C) Drip irrigation
(D) Flood irrigation
3. : Sprinkler irrigation is most suitable for:
(A) Sandy soils and undulating land
(B) Clay soils with low infiltration
(C) Steep rocky slopes
(D) Swampy areas
4. : In furrow irrigation, water is applied:
(A) Over the entire field surface
(B) In small channels between crop rows
(C) Using pipelines only
(D) By spraying water into the air
5. : Which irrigation system minimizes evaporation and percolation losses the most?
(A) Basin irrigation
(B) Sprinkler irrigation
(C) Drip irrigation
(D) Furrow irrigation
6. : Subsurface irrigation refers to:
(A) Applying water by flooding
(B) Applying water below soil surface directly to root zone
(C) Spraying water under pressure
(D) Applying water through contour bunds
7. : In border strip irrigation, water is applied:
(A) In long, narrow strips separated by ridges
(B) Only in furrows
(C) By pressure pipelines
(D) By underground pipes
8. : Which method of irrigation is best suited for orchards?
(A) Furrow irrigation
(B) Drip irrigation
(C) Sprinkler irrigation
(D) Flood irrigation
9. : The most water-consuming crop, requiring continuous standing water, is:
(A) Wheat
(B) Rice
(C) Cotton
(D) Sugarcane
10. : Lift irrigation means:
(A) Lifting water from lower to higher elevation using pumps
(B) Lifting soil moisture by capillary rise
(C) Lifting soil particles during erosion
(D) Sprinkling water through nozzles
11. : Canal irrigation system is classified as:
(A) Gravity irrigation
(B) Pressure irrigation
(C) Lift irrigation
(D) Tube well irrigation
12. : The oldest and simplest irrigation method is:
(A) Furrow irrigation
(B) Basin irrigation
(C) Flood irrigation
(D) Drip irrigation
13. : In sprinkler irrigation, water is applied in the form of:
(A) Flood
(B) Jets or sprays
(C) Continuous stream
(D) Underground seepage
14. : The irrigation method that can also be used for applying fertilizers (fertigation) is:
(A) Flood irrigation
(B) Sprinkler irrigation
(C) Drip irrigation
(D) Basin irrigation
15. : In furrow irrigation, uniformity is best achieved when:
(A) Slopes are very steep
(B) Slopes are gentle and soils are moderately permeable
(C) Soil is heavy clay
(D) Rainfall is very high
16. : The method of irrigation best suited for row crops like maize, cotton, and sugarcane is:
(A) Border irrigation
(B) Furrow irrigation
(C) Drip irrigation
(D) Flood irrigation
17. : The major limitation of sprinkler irrigation is:
(A) High initial cost and wind disturbance
(B) Poor uniformity
(C) Not suitable for sandy soils
(D) High evaporation losses
18. : Which irrigation system is most suitable for arid and semi-arid regions with scarce water?
(A) Flood irrigation
(B) Drip irrigation
(C) Sprinkler irrigation
(D) Basin irrigation
19. : Subsurface irrigation is not suitable in:
(A) Sandy soils
(B) Heavy clay soils with low permeability
(C) Soils with shallow groundwater table
(D) Flat terrain
20. : Border irrigation is most suitable for:
(A) Rice
(B) Wheat, barley, and fodder crops
(C) Cotton and sugarcane
(D) Orchard crops
21. : The efficiency of drip irrigation is approximately:
(A) 30–40%
(B) 50–60%
(C) 70–80%
(D) 85–95%
22. : In canal irrigation systems, water distribution is usually regulated by:
(A) Weirs and sluice gates
(B) Drip nozzles
(C) Pumps only
(D) Wells only
23. : The term “sprinkler head” is associated with:
(A) Basin irrigation
(B) Sprinkler irrigation
(C) Subsurface irrigation
(D) Flood irrigation
24. : The main disadvantage of furrow irrigation is:
(A) High seepage losses
(B) Non-uniform distribution if poorly designed
(C) Poor suitability for row crops
(D) Requirement of very high slope
25. : Tank irrigation system is mostly practiced in:
(A) Delta regions of South India
(B) Arid deserts
(C) Himalayan region
(D) Coastal Gujarat