Medical Biology — MCQs Biology 50 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. Medical biology primarily deals with: (A) Environmental conservation (B) Animal reproduction (C) Plant physiology (D) Study of human health and disease 2. The basic structural and functional unit of the human body is: (A) Tissue (B) Cell (C) Organ (D) Organ system 3. Hematology is the study of: (A) Blood and its disorders (B) Hormones (C) Nervous system (D) Muscles 4. Leukemia is a disease of: (A) White blood cells (B) Red blood cells (C) Platelets (D) Bone marrow only 5. Anemia is characterized by: (A) Excessive platelets (B) High white blood cell count (C) Low red blood cell count or hemoglobin (D) Low plasma 6. Thrombocytopenia is a disorder of: (A) Plasma (B) White blood cells (C) Red blood cells (D) Platelets 7. Immunology studies: (A) Circulatory system only (B) Digestive system only (C) Immune system and defense mechanisms (D) Muscular system only 8. The primary immune response is triggered by: (A) Hormone secretion (B) Second exposure to an antigen (C) Vaccination only (D) First exposure to an antigen 9. Antibodies are produced by: (A) Red blood cells (B) T lymphocytes (C) B lymphocytes (D) Platelets 10. T lymphocytes are involved in: (A) Blood clotting (B) Antibody production (C) Oxygen transport (D) Cell-mediated immunity 11. Autoimmune diseases occur when: (A) Oxygen transport is impaired (B) Immune system fails to develop (C) Blood clots form excessively (D) Immune system attacks the body’s own cells 12. Example of an autoimmune disease is: (A) Type 1 diabetes (B) Influenza (C) Tuberculosis (D) Malaria 13. Virology is the study of: (A) Parasites (B) Bacteria (C) Fungi (D) Viruses 14. The virus responsible for AIDS is: (A) Rabies virus (B) Hepatitis B virus (C) Influenza virus (D) HIV 15. Bacteriology is the study of: (A) Fungi (B) Viruses (C) Bacteria (D) Parasites 16. Antibiotics are effective against: (A) Fungi (B) Viruses (C) Bacteria (D) Parasites 17. Antivirals are used to treat: (A) Bacterial infections (B) Viral infections (C) Fungal infections (D) Parasitic infections 18. Mycology is the study of: (A) Viruses (B) Bacteria (C) Fungi (D) Parasites 19. Dermatology deals with: (A) Brain and nerves (B) Heart and vessels (C) Skin and its disorders (D) Bones 20. Cardiovascular diseases include: (A) Malaria (B) Diabetes only (C) Tuberculosis (D) Hypertension, heart attack, stroke 21. Hypertension is defined as: (A) Heart failure (B) Low blood pressure (C) High blood pressure (D) Irregular heartbeat 22. Endocrinology studies: (A) Bones (B) Muscles (C) Hormones and endocrine glands (D) Skin 23. Diabetes mellitus is caused by: (A) Insufficient insulin or insulin resistance (B) Excess red blood cells (C) Immune deficiency (D) Platelet dysfunction 24. Neurology studies: (A) Endocrine glands only (B) Blood only (C) Muscles only (D) Nervous system 25. Alzheimer’s disease affects: (A) Brain and memory (B) Heart (C) Liver (D) Kidneys 26. Parkinson’s disease is caused by: (A) Degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons (B) High blood sugar (C) Bacterial infection (D) Excess platelets 27. Pulmonology studies: (A) Lungs and respiratory system (B) Heart only (C) Kidneys only (D) Liver only 28. Asthma is characterized by: (A) Airway inflammation and obstruction (B) Low blood sugar (C) Heart failure (D) Liver disease 29. Gastroenterology studies: (A) Digestive system (B) Respiratory system (C) Nervous system (D) Muscular system 30. Peptic ulcer affects: (A) Liver (B) Stomach or duodenum (C) Pancreas (D) Gallbladder 31. Nephrology studies: (A) Liver (B) Heart (C) Kidneys and urinary system (D) Lungs 32. Renal failure results in: (A) Accumulation of waste in blood (B) Low blood sugar (C) Low oxygen transport (D) Immune deficiency 33. Hemodialysis is used to: (A) Increase oxygen transport (B) Remove wastes from blood in kidney failure (C) Treat diabetes (D) Treat infections 34. Immunization protects against: (A) Kidney stones (B) Diabetes (C) Heart failure (D) Infectious diseases 35. Vaccines may contain: (A) Killed or weakened pathogens or their components (B) Antibiotics (C) Hormones (D) Enzymes only 36. Antibiotic resistance occurs due to: (A) Hormonal imbalance (B) Excess vitamins (C) Overuse or misuse of antibiotics (D) Lack of sleep only 37. Sepsis is: (A) Low blood pressure only (B) High blood sugar (C) Body-wide infection leading to inflammation (D) Stroke 38. Cancer is characterized by: (A) Immune protection (B) Tissue repair (C) Normal cell growth (D) Uncontrolled cell division 39. Oncogenes promote: (A) Immune function (B) Cancer development (C) Digestion (D) Oxygen transport 40. Tumor suppressor genes function to: (A) Aid digestion (B) Promote tumors (C) Produce hormones (D) Prevent uncontrolled cell growth 41. Apoptosis is: (A) Programmed cell death (B) Cell division only (C) Tissue formation only (D) DNA replication only 42. Pathology studies: (A) Causes and effects of diseases (B) Normal anatomy only (C) Plant diseases only (D) Photosynthesis 43. Epidemiology deals with: (A) Individual anatomy (B) Distribution and determinants of diseases in populations (C) Cellular metabolism (D) Animal reproduction 44. Infectious diseases are caused by: (A) Aging only (B) Hormonal imbalance only (C) Genetics only (D) Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites 45. Non-infectious diseases include: (A) Diabetes, hypertension, cancer (B) Influenza only (C) Malaria only (D) Tuberculosis only 46. Human microbiome refers to: (A) Fungi only (B) Pathogens only (C) Viruses only (D) Microorganisms living in and on the human body 47. Antibiotics are ineffective against: (A) Parasites (B) Bacteria (C) Fungi (D) Viruses 48. Human lymphatic system functions to: (A) Defend against pathogens and maintain fluid balance (B) Pump blood (C) Digest food (D) Produce hormones only 49. The human immune system consists of: (A) Only brain (B) Only bones (C) Only muscles (D) Bone marrow, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes 50. Fever is a: (A) Kidney failure (B) Blood disorder (C) Hormonal imbalance (D) Defensive response to infection