Forensic Biology — MCQs Biology 99 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/99 Subscribe 1. Medical biology primarily deals with: (A) Environmental conservation (B) Animal reproduction (C) Plant physiology (D) Study of human health and disease 2. The basic structural and functional unit of the human body is: (A) Organ system (B) Tissue (C) Organ (D) Cell 3. Hematology is the study of: (A) Nervous system (B) Hormones (C) Blood and its disorders (D) Muscles 4. Leukemia is a disease of: (A) White blood cells (B) Red blood cells (C) Platelets (D) Bone marrow only 5. Anemia is characterized by: (A) Excessive platelets (B) High white blood cell count (C) Low red blood cell count or hemoglobin (D) Low plasma 6. Thrombocytopenia is a disorder of: (A) White blood cells (B) Platelets (C) Red blood cells (D) Plasma 7. Immunology studies: (A) Immune system and defense mechanisms (B) Digestive system only (C) Circulatory system only (D) Muscular system only 8. The primary immune response is triggered by: (A) Vaccination only (B) Second exposure to an antigen (C) First exposure to an antigen (D) Hormone secretion 9. Antibodies are produced by: (A) T lymphocytes (B) B lymphocytes (C) Red blood cells (D) Platelets 10. T lymphocytes are involved in: (A) Antibody production (B) Cell-mediated immunity (C) Oxygen transport (D) Blood clotting 11. Autoimmune diseases occur when: (A) Oxygen transport is impaired (B) Immune system fails to develop (C) Blood clots form excessively (D) Immune system attacks the body’s own cells 12. Example of an autoimmune disease is: (A) Type 1 diabetes (B) Influenza (C) Tuberculosis (D) Malaria 13. Virology is the study of: (A) Fungi (B) Bacteria (C) Viruses (D) Parasites 14. The virus responsible for AIDS is: (A) Influenza virus (B) Hepatitis B virus (C) HIV (D) Rabies virus 15. Bacteriology is the study of: (A) Bacteria (B) Viruses (C) Fungi (D) Parasites 16. Antibiotics are effective against: (A) Fungi (B) Viruses (C) Bacteria (D) Parasites 17. Antivirals are used to treat: (A) Viral infections (B) Bacterial infections (C) Fungal infections (D) Parasitic infections 18. Mycology is the study of: (A) Bacteria (B) Fungi (C) Viruses (D) Parasites 19. Dermatology deals with: (A) Bones (B) Heart and vessels (C) Brain and nerves (D) Skin and its disorders 20. Cardiovascular diseases include: (A) Hypertension, heart attack, stroke (B) Diabetes only (C) Tuberculosis (D) Malaria 21. Hypertension is defined as: (A) Low blood pressure (B) High blood pressure (C) Heart failure (D) Irregular heartbeat 22. Endocrinology studies: (A) Hormones and endocrine glands (B) Muscles (C) Bones (D) Skin 23. Diabetes mellitus is caused by: (A) Platelet dysfunction (B) Excess red blood cells (C) Immune deficiency (D) Insufficient insulin or insulin resistance 24. Neurology studies: (A) Nervous system (B) Blood only (C) Muscles only (D) Endocrine glands only 25. Alzheimer’s disease affects: (A) Liver (B) Heart (C) Brain and memory (D) Kidneys 26. Parkinson’s disease is caused by: (A) High blood sugar (B) Degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons (C) Bacterial infection (D) Excess platelets 27. Pulmonology studies: (A) Heart only (B) Lungs and respiratory system (C) Kidneys only (D) Liver only 28. Asthma is characterized by: (A) Liver disease (B) Low blood sugar (C) Heart failure (D) Airway inflammation and obstruction 29. Gastroenterology studies: (A) Digestive system (B) Respiratory system (C) Nervous system (D) Muscular system 30. Peptic ulcer affects: (A) Pancreas (B) Liver (C) Stomach or duodenum (D) Gallbladder 31. Nephrology studies: (A) Heart (B) Kidneys and urinary system (C) Liver (D) Lungs 32. Renal failure results in: (A) Low oxygen transport (B) Low blood sugar (C) Accumulation of waste in blood (D) Immune deficiency 33. Hemodialysis is used to: (A) Treat diabetes (B) Increase oxygen transport (C) Remove wastes from blood in kidney failure (D) Treat infections 34. Immunization protects against: (A) Heart failure (B) Diabetes (C) Infectious diseases (D) Kidney stones 35. Vaccines may contain: (A) Killed or weakened pathogens or their components (B) Antibiotics (C) Hormones (D) Enzymes only 36. Antibiotic resistance occurs due to: (A) Hormonal imbalance (B) Excess vitamins (C) Overuse or misuse of antibiotics (D) Lack of sleep only 37. Sepsis is: (A) Low blood pressure only (B) High blood sugar (C) Body-wide infection leading to inflammation (D) Stroke 38. Cancer is characterized by: (A) Normal cell growth (B) Tissue repair (C) Uncontrolled cell division (D) Immune protection 39. Oncogenes promote: (A) Cancer development (B) Immune function (C) Digestion (D) Oxygen transport 40. Tumor suppressor genes function to: (A) Aid digestion (B) Promote tumors (C) Produce hormones (D) Prevent uncontrolled cell growth 41. Apoptosis is: (A) DNA replication only (B) Cell division only (C) Tissue formation only (D) Programmed cell death 42. Pathology studies: (A) Plant diseases only (B) Normal anatomy only (C) Causes and effects of diseases (D) Photosynthesis 43. Epidemiology deals with: (A) Cellular metabolism (B) Individual anatomy (C) Distribution and determinants of diseases in populations (D) Animal reproduction 44. Infectious diseases are caused by: (A) Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites (B) Hormonal imbalance only (C) Genetics only (D) Aging only 45. Non-infectious diseases include: (A) Influenza only (B) Diabetes, hypertension, cancer (C) Malaria only (D) Tuberculosis only 46. Human microbiome refers to: (A) Fungi only (B) Pathogens only (C) Viruses only (D) Microorganisms living in and on the human body 47. Antibiotics are ineffective against: (A) Viruses (B) Bacteria (C) Fungi (D) Parasites 48. Human lymphatic system functions to: (A) Defend against pathogens and maintain fluid balance (B) Pump blood (C) Digest food (D) Produce hormones only 49. The human immune system consists of: (A) Only muscles (B) Only bones (C) Bone marrow, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes (D) Only brain 50. Fever is a: (A) Defensive response to infection (B) Blood disorder (C) Hormonal imbalance (D) Kidney failure (A) Applying biological principles to solve legal cases (B) Studying plant physiology (C) Animal reproduction only (D) Environmental conservation 51. DNA profiling is used for: (A) Diagnosing diabetes (B) Measuring blood pressure (C) Identifying individuals (D) Studying photosynthesis 52. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to: (A) Analyze lipids (B) Measure enzymes (C) Digest proteins (D) Amplify DNA 53. STR analysis in forensic biology refers to: (A) Simple tissue reaction (B) Single transcription region (C) Structural ribosomal RNA (D) Short tandem repeats in DNA 54. Forensic serology involves the study of: (A) Teeth only (B) Bones only (C) Hair only (D) Blood and other bodily fluids 55. ABO blood grouping is useful in: (A) Determining DNA sequence (B) Identifying suspects or victims (C) Measuring cell division (D) Studying enzymes 56. Blood spatter analysis can provide information about: (A) Cause of death only (B) Blood type only (C) Age of victim only (D) Type of weapon, direction of impact, position of victim 57. Luminol is used in forensic biology to: (A) Detect trace amounts of blood (B) Kill bacteria (C) Amplify DNA (D) Preserve tissues 58. Hair analysis in forensics can determine: (A) DNA sequence only (B) Blood type only (C) Species, color, and sometimes drug use (D) Age only 59. Mitochondrial DNA is useful in forensics because: (A) It is inherited maternally and abundant in cells (B) It mutates rapidly only (C) It is present only in blood (D) It can detect toxins 60. Bite mark analysis helps in: (A) Measuring DNA (B) Identifying a suspect based on dental patterns (C) Blood typing (D) Determining age only 61. Forensic entomology uses insects to: (A) Identify DNA sequences (B) Estimate post-mortem interval (PMI) (C) Determine blood type (D) Detect toxins 62. Rigor mortis refers to: (A) Discoloration of skin (B) Stiffening of muscles after death (C) Decay of organs (D) Blood clotting 63. Livor mortis refers to: (A) Settling of blood in dependent body parts (B) Muscle stiffening (C) DNA degradation (D) Hair growth 64. Algor mortis is: (A) DNA replication (B) Muscle stiffening (C) Blood settling (D) Cooling of the body after death 65. Forensic odontology involves: (A) Blood analysis only (B) Study of teeth for identification (C) DNA amplification only (D) Bone density measurement only 66. Forensic toxicology studies: (A) Drugs, poisons, and their effects on the body (B) Blood types only (C) DNA only (D) Muscle tissues only 67. Ethanol is commonly tested in forensic toxicology to detect: (A) Alcohol in blood (B) Blood type (C) DNA sequence (D) Protein levels 68. Chain of custody in forensic investigations ensures: (A) Blood typing accuracy only (B) Proper DNA amplification (C) Proper microscope use (D) Integrity and traceability of evidence 69. Bite marks, footprints, and fingerprints are examples of: (A) Chemical evidence (B) Physical evidence (C) Biological evidence only (D) Digital evidence only 70. Fingerprint patterns include: (A) Whorls only (B) Loops only (C) Loops, whorls, arches (D) Arches only 71. The study of human skeletal remains in forensics is called: (A) Forensic entomology (B) Forensic odontology (C) Forensic anthropology (D) Forensic cytology 72. Bones can provide information about: (A) Only DNA (B) Only age (C) Age, sex, stature, and ancestry of a person (D) Only diet 73. DNA can be extracted from: (A) Only hair (B) Only blood (C) Blood, hair, bone, saliva, skin cells (D) Only bones 74. The RFLP technique in forensics stands for: (A) Ribosomal Fragment Length Polymorphism (B) Random Fragment Linear Polymers (C) Rapid Forensic Linear Procedure (D) Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism 75. CODIS is: (A) Drug detection method only (B) A type of blood test (C) Fingerprint analysis software only (D) Combined DNA Index System used for matching DNA profiles 76. DNA evidence is considered highly reliable because: (A) DNA sequences are unique to individuals (except identical twins) (B) It changes daily (C) It depends on blood type only (D) It is only present in hair 77. Blood can be preserved for DNA analysis by: (A) Exposing it to sunlight (B) Heating it (C) Storing it in cold conditions or using preservatives (D) Drying it only 78. Saliva can be used in forensics to: (A) Only determine blood type (B) Extract DNA and detect drugs (C) Only detect toxins (D) Measure enzyme activity only 79. Semen analysis in forensics can determine: (A) Blood type only (B) Presence of sperm and DNA profiling (C) DNA only (D) Enzyme activity only 80. Forensic cytology studies: (A) Cells from body fluids for identification and crime investigation (B) Bones only (C) Hair only (D) Teeth only 81. Forensic palynology involves the study of: (A) Saliva only (B) Blood types only (C) Hair only (D) Pollen and spores to link suspects to crime scenes 82. Digital forensics focuses on: (A) Blood analysis (B) Recovering and analyzing digital data for investigations (C) DNA analysis (D) Hair analysis 83. Chain of evidence must be: (A) Only photographed (B) Discarded after collection (C) Stored randomly (D) Documented from collection to presentation in court 84. Forensic pathology studies: (A) Cause and manner of death (B) Blood typing only (C) DNA extraction only (D) Fingerprints only 85. Rigor mortis appears within: (A) 24 hours (B) 2–6 hours after death (C) 12–18 hours (D) 48 hours 86. Livor mortis helps in determining: (A) Age of the victim (B) Position of the body after death (C) DNA type (D) Blood type 87. Forensic entomology uses blowfly larvae to estimate: (A) Drug presence only (B) Blood type (C) DNA sequence (D) Post-mortem interval (PMI) 88. The ‘touch DNA’ method involves: (A) Collecting saliva only (B) Collecting blood only (C) Collecting hair only (D) Collecting DNA from skin cells left on objects 89. Forensic immunology detects: (A) DNA only (B) Body fluids using antigen-antibody reactions (C) Hair only (D) Bone fragments only 90. Serological evidence can determine: (A) Hair only (B) DNA only (C) Fingerprints only (D) Blood type and presence of other body fluids 91. Forensic genetics deals with: (A) Heart function only (B) Blood pressure only (C) DNA profiling, paternity testing, and individual identification (D) Liver enzymes only 92. Mitochondrial DNA is particularly useful in: (A) Saliva only (B) Fresh blood only (C) Degraded or old samples where nuclear DNA is insufficient (D) Urine only 93. Blood stains on clothing can be detected using: (A) Alcohol (B) Luminol (C) Water only (D) Bleach only 94. Forensic microbiology studies: (A) Bones only (B) Blood typing only (C) Hair only (D) Microorganisms in relation to crime scenes and infections 95. Cross-contamination of forensic samples can lead to: (A) Accurate results (B) Wrong conclusions in investigations (C) Faster analysis only (D) DNA amplification 96. Chain of custody documents: (A) Only blood type (B) Only DNA sequences (C) Only fingerprints (D) Who handled the evidence and when 97. Forensic biologists often collaborate with: (A) Botanists only (B) Farmers only (C) Police, pathologists, toxicologists, and legal experts (D) Zoologists only 98. The first step in forensic investigation is: (A) Hair analysis only (B) DNA amplification only (C) Fingerprinting only (D) Collection and preservation of evidence 99. Contaminated samples in forensic biology can result in: (A) Accurate identification (B) Misidentification or false results (C) Faster analysis (D) None of the above