Bacteriology — MCQs Biology 50 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. Bacteriology is the study of: (A) Bacteria (B) Viruses (C) Fungi (D) Algae 2. Bacteria are: (A) Protozoa (B) Eukaryotic organisms (C) Fungi (D) Prokaryotic organisms 3. The scientist who discovered bacteria was: (A) Robert Koch (B) Louis Pasteur (C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (D) Alexander Fleming 4. Bacterial cell wall is made up of: (A) Starch (B) Cellulose (C) Chitin (D) Peptidoglycan 5. Gram-positive bacteria have: (A) Cellulose layer (B) Thin peptidoglycan layer (C) No peptidoglycan (D) Thick peptidoglycan layer 6. Gram-negative bacteria have: (A) Only cellulose (B) Thick peptidoglycan layer (C) No cell wall (D) Thin peptidoglycan layer and outer membrane 7. Bacterial shape cocci are: (A) Rod-shaped (B) Spherical (C) Spiral (D) Filamentous 8. Bacterial shape bacilli are: (A) Rod-shaped (B) Spherical (C) Spiral (D) Star-shaped 9. Bacterial shape spirilla are: (A) Spiral (B) Spherical (C) Rod-shaped (D) Oval 10. Bacterial reproduction occurs mainly by: (A) Binary fission (B) Budding (C) Fragmentation (D) Spore formation 11. Endospores are: (A) Nutrient stores (B) Reproductive cells (C) Highly resistant structures (D) Only pigments 12. Obligate aerobes require: (A) Oxygen (B) No oxygen (C) Both oxygen and absence of oxygen (D) Only nitrogen 13. Obligate anaerobes: (A) Can grow with or without oxygen (B) Require oxygen (C) Cannot survive in presence of oxygen (D) Only produce spores 14. Facultative anaerobes can: (A) Only produce endospores (B) Only with oxygen (C) Only without oxygen (D) Grow with or without oxygen 15. Bacteria that obtain energy from sunlight are called: (A) Photoautotrophs (B) Chemoautotrophs (C) Heterotrophs (D) Saprophytes 16. Bacteria that obtain energy from chemicals are: (A) Parasites (B) Photoautotrophs (C) Heterotrophs (D) Chemoautotrophs 17. Bacteria that feed on dead organic matter are: (A) Autotrophs (B) Parasites (C) Saprophytes (D) Photoautotrophs 18. Bacteria that cause disease are called: (A) Pathogens (B) Saprophytes (C) Autotrophs (D) Nitrogen-fixers 19. Robert Koch is famous for: (A) Koch’s postulates (B) Pasteurization (C) Discovery of penicillin (D) Microscopy 20. Louis Pasteur contributed to bacteriology by: (A) Gram staining (B) Discovering antibiotics (C) Pasteurization and disproving spontaneous generation (D) Identifying viruses 21. Bacterial pili are used for: (A) Photosynthesis (B) Motility (C) Spore formation (D) Conjugation and attachment 22. Bacterial flagella are used for: (A) Movement (B) Attachment only (C) Spore formation only (D) Reproduction only 23. Capsule in bacteria serves to: (A) Store nutrients (B) Aid in motility (C) Aid in binary fission (D) Protect against phagocytosis 24. Bacteria store food in: (A) Inclusion bodies or granules (B) Nucleus (C) Vacuoles (D) Mitochondria 25. Gram staining technique was developed by: (A) Robert Koch (B) Hans Christian Gram (C) Louis Pasteur (D) Alexander Fleming 26. Antibiotics are produced by: (A) Viruses only (B) Bacteria and fungi (C) Plants only (D) Algae only 27. Penicillin is produced by: (A) Streptomyces (B) Penicillium (C) Bacillus (D) E. coli 28. Streptomycin is produced by: (A) Bacillus (B) Streptomyces (C) Penicillium (D) Lactobacillus 29. Endotoxins are: (A) Produced by viruses (B) Secreted outside the cell (C) Produced by fungi (D) Toxins released from bacterial cell wall 30. Exotoxins are: (A) Only pigments (B) Endotoxins (C) Secreted toxins (D) Only spores 31. Facultative intracellular bacteria include: (A) Clostridium (B) Bacillus (C) Salmonella (D) Lactobacillus 32. Obligate intracellular bacteria include: (A) Rickettsia (B) Escherichia (C) Bacillus (D) Clostridium 33. Bacteria that fix nitrogen in root nodules are: (A) Streptococcus (B) Bacillus (C) Salmonella (D) Rhizobium 34. Cyanobacteria are: (A) Fungi (B) Photosynthetic bacteria (C) Protozoa (D) Archaea 35. Thermophilic bacteria grow best at: (A) Neutral temperatures (B) Low temperatures (C) High temperatures (D) Only in air 36. Psychrophilic bacteria grow best at: (A) High temperatures (B) Low temperatures (C) Neutral temperatures (D) Only soil 37. Halophilic bacteria grow best in: (A) High salt environments (B) Freshwater (C) Acidic soil (D) Neutral pH only 38. Spirochetes are: (A) Spherical bacteria (B) Helical bacteria (C) Rod-shaped bacteria (D) Filamentous bacteria 39. Cyanobacteria contribute to: (A) Oxygen production and nitrogen fixation (B) Only disease (C) Only soil degradation (D) Only water pollution 40. Bacteria used in dairy industry include: (A) Clostridium only (B) Bacillus only (C) Salmonella only (D) Lactobacillus and Streptococcus 41. Spore-forming bacteria include: (A) Staphylococcus only (B) Streptococcus only (C) Bacillus and Clostridium (D) E. coli only 42. Microaerophiles require: (A) High oxygen (B) No oxygen (C) Low oxygen concentration (D) Nitrogen only 43. Bacterial conjugation is: (A) Exchange of genetic material through pili (B) Binary fission (C) Budding (D) Sporulation 44. Bacterial transformation involves: (A) Binary fission (B) Uptake of naked DNA from the environment (C) Spore formation (D) Motility 45. Bacterial transduction is mediated by: (A) Pili (B) Bacteriophages (C) Flagella (D) Endospores 46. Pure culture can be obtained by: (A) Spore formation (B) Streak plate method (C) Binary fission (D) Biofilm formation 47. Bacteria used in antibiotic production include: (A) Bacillus anthracis (B) Salmonella (C) Streptomyces (D) Clostridium tetani 48. Biofilms are: (A) Viruses only (B) Free-floating bacteria only (C) Microbial communities attached to surfaces (D) Algae only 49. Bacterial capsules are composed of: (A) Proteins only (B) Polysaccharides (C) Lipids only (D) DNA only 50. Bacteriology is important for: (A) Only water treatment (B) Only plant growth (C) Only soil formation (D) Medicine, agriculture, and industry