Environmental Biology MCQs 30 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/30 Subscribe 1. : The scientific study of the relationship between living organisms and their environment is called? (A) Environmental Biology (B) Botany (C) Zoology (D) Geology 2. : Which of the following is the ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems? (A) Moonlight (B) Sunlight (C) Wind (D) Water 3. : The process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into food is? (A) Respiration (B) Photosynthesis (C) Transpiration (D) Fermentation 4. : Which organisms are known as producers? (A) Plants (B) Fungi (C) Herbivores (D) Carnivores 5. : Which organisms are responsible for fixing atmospheric nitrogen? (A) Fungi (B) Bacteria (C) Algae (D) Protozoa 6. : The relationship between a tick and a dog is an example of? (A) Commensalism (B) Parasitism (C) Mutualism (D) Competition 7. : Which organisms are considered decomposers? (A) Lions and tigers (B) Bacteria and fungi (C) Grass and shrubs (D) Birds and reptiles 8. : Which of the following is an abiotic factor? (A) Trees (B) Soil temperature (C) Insects (D) Fish 9. : The term biodiversity refers to? (A) Variety of ecosystems only (B) Variety of species and genetic resources (C) Number of plants only (D) Number of insects only 10. : Which is the largest biome on Earth? (A) Tundra (B) Desert (C) Marine biome (D) Grassland 11. : Which plant tissue is responsible for water transport? (A) Phloem (B) Xylem (C) Cambium (D) Cortex 12. : Which gas is released by plants during respiration? (A) Oxygen (B) Carbon dioxide (C) Methane (D) Hydrogen 13. : Which biome has the greatest biodiversity? (A) Desert (B) Tropical rainforest (C) Grassland (D) Tundra 14. : Which organisms are considered primary consumers in an ecosystem? (A) Herbivores (B) Carnivores (C) Decomposers (D) Omnivores 15. : Which plant pigment absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis? (A) Chlorophyll (B) Carotene (C) Anthocyanin (D) Xanthophyll 16. : Which cycle describes the movement of water on Earth? (A) Nitrogen cycle (B) Carbon cycle (C) Oxygen cycle (D) Hydrological cycle 17. : Which organisms are at the top of the food chain? (A) Apex predators (B) Decomposers (C) Herbivores (D) Primary producers 18. : The interaction between algae and fungi in lichens is an example of? (A) Commensalism (B) Mutualism (C) Parasitism (D) Competition 19. : Which of the following ecosystems is the most productive? (A) Desert (B) Ocean (C) Tropical rainforest (D) Grassland 20. : Which gas is essential for respiration in animals? (A) Nitrogen (B) Oxygen (C) Hydrogen (D) Carbon dioxide 21. : The process of losing water vapor from leaves is called? (A) Transpiration (B) Respiration (C) Photosynthesis (D) Absorption 22. : The uppermost fertile layer of soil that supports plant growth is called? (A) Subsoil (B) Bedrock (C) Topsoil (D) Humus 23. : Which of the following is an invasive species? (A) Water hyacinth (B) Neem tree (C) Mango tree (D) Coconut palm 24. : Which group of organisms produces antibiotics naturally? (A) Viruses (B) Fungi (C) Algae (D) Protozoa 25. : Which process in plants maintains the balance of oxygen in the atmosphere? (A) Germination (B) Photosynthesis (C) Transpiration (D) Respiration 26. : Which organisms recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem? (A) Decomposers (B) Herbivores (C) Producers (D) Carnivores 27. : Which biome is known for permafrost? (A) Desert (B) Tundra (C) Grassland (D) Rainforest 28. : Which is the process by which green plants prepare their own food? (A) Photosynthesis (B) Fermentation (C) Respiration (D) Transpiration 29. : Which organisms are responsible for breaking down cellulose in herbivores? (A) Bacteria in the gut (B) Viruses (C) Fungi only (D) Protozoa only 30. : Which is the largest reservoir of carbon on Earth? (A) Oceans (B) Atmosphere (C) Forests (D) Fossil fuels