Q#1: Switching refers to:
(A) Establishing a path between sender and receiver
(B) Multiplexing signals
(C) Modulating signals
(D) Error detection
Answer: (A) Establishing a path between sender and receiver
Q#2: Circuit switching establishes:
(A) A dedicated path for the entire communication
(B) Shared bandwidth
(C) Dynamic routing
(D) Packet paths only
Answer: (A) A dedicated path for the entire communication
Q#3: Packet switching divides data into:
(A) Packets for transmission
(B) Bits only
(C) Time slots
(D) Frequency bands
Answer: (A) Packets for transmission
Q#4: Message switching stores the entire message at intermediate nodes before forwarding. This is called:
(A) Store-and-forward
(B) Cut-through
(C) Circuit allocation
(D) Frequency division
Answer: (A) Store-and-forward
Q#5: Circuit switching advantage:
(A) Constant data rate
(B) Low delay
(C) Dedicated path
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#6: Circuit switching disadvantage:
(A) Inefficient for bursty traffic
(B) Setup time required
(C) Resources reserved even when idle
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#7: Packet switching advantage:
(A) Efficient bandwidth utilization
(B) Dynamic routing
(C) Suitable for bursty traffic
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#8: Packet switching disadvantage:
(A) Variable delay
(B) Possible packet loss
(C) Requires buffering
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#9: Message switching differs from packet switching because:
(A) Entire message is stored and forwarded
(B) Divided into packets
(C) Circuit is established
(D) None
Answer: (A) Entire message is stored and forwarded
Q#10: Cut-through switching forwards a packet before it is fully received. Advantage:
(A) Reduced delay
(B) High bandwidth
(C) Low error
(D) None
Answer: (A) Reduced delay
Q#11: Store-and-forward switching checks the packet for:
(A) Errors before forwarding
(B) Bandwidth
(C) Time slot
(D) Frequency
Answer: (A) Errors before forwarding
Q#12: Virtual circuit switching combines:
(A) Packet switching and a pre-established path
(B) Circuit switching only
(C) Frequency division
(D) None
Answer: (A) Packet switching and a pre-established path
Q#13: Datagram packet switching:
(A) No pre-established path
(B) Each packet routed independently
(C) May arrive out of order
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#14: Dedicated path in circuit switching ensures:
(A) Constant bandwidth
(B) No sharing
(C) Low delay
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#15: Dynamic routing in packet switching allows:
(A) Packets to take different paths
(B) Predefined path only
(C) No routing
(D) Fixed delay
Answer: (A) Packets to take different paths
Q#16: Bandwidth allocation in circuit switching:
(A) Reserved for entire call
(B) Shared dynamically
(C) Used per packet
(D) None
Answer: (A) Reserved for entire call
Q#17: Packet switching is suitable for:
(A) Bursty traffic
(B) Constant traffic
(C) Voice only
(D) Video only
Answer: (A) Bursty traffic
Q#18: Message switching delay depends on:
(A) Message size
(B) Processing time at each node
(C) Both A and B
(D) None
Answer: (C) Both A and B
Q#19: Virtual circuit identifier (VCI) is used in:
(A) Virtual circuit switching
(B) Circuit switching
(C) Datagram switching
(D) Frequency division
Answer: (A) Virtual circuit switching
Q#20: Datagram network is:
(A) Connectionless
(B) Connection-oriented
(C) Requires setup
(D) None
Answer: (A) Connectionless
Q#21: Packet header contains:
(A) Destination address
(B) Source address
(C) Sequence number
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#22: Switching node is also called:
(A) Router
(B) Repeater
(C) Modem
(D) None
Answer: (A) Router
Q#23: Circuit setup time in circuit switching causes:
(A) Initial delay
(B) Continuous delay
(C) Packet loss
(D) Bandwidth wastage
Answer: (A) Initial delay
Q#24: Packet switching efficiency increases with:
(A) More users with bursty traffic
(B) Constant traffic
(C) Idle circuits
(D) None
Answer: (A) More users with bursty traffic
Q#25: Datagram vs Virtual Circuit:
(A) Datagram has independent routing; VC uses fixed path
(B) Both same
(C) VC is connectionless
(D) None
Answer: (A) Datagram has independent routing; VC uses fixed path
Q#26: Switching techniques are used in:
(A) Telephone networks
(B) Computer networks
(C) Both A and B
(D) None
Answer: (C) Both A and B
Q#27: Store-and-forward requires:
(A) Buffer at each intermediate node
(B) Direct transmission
(C) Circuit allocation
(D) None
Answer: (A) Buffer at each intermediate node
Q#28: Cut-through switching disadvantage:
(A) Error propagation
(B) Low delay
(C) High speed
(D) None
Answer: (A) Error propagation
Q#29: Packet loss occurs due to:
(A) Buffer overflow
(B) Network congestion
(C) Transmission errors
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#30: Virtual circuit setup requires:
(A) Path establishment before data transfer
(B) No path setup
(C) Only header forwarding
(D) None
Answer: (A) Path establishment before data transfer
Q#31: Connectionless network is:
(A) Datagram network
(B) Circuit-switched
(C) Virtual circuit
(D) None
Answer: (A) Datagram network
Q#32: Connection-oriented network is:
(A) Virtual circuit
(B) Datagram
(C) Packet-switched without path
(D) None
Answer: (A) Virtual circuit
Q#33: Switching node functions include:
(A) Store-and-forward
(B) Routing
(C) Buffering
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#34: Efficiency of circuit switching decreases when:
(A) Many users idle
(B) Traffic constant
(C) Traffic high
(D) None
Answer: (A) Many users idle
Q#35: Packet delay depends on:
(A) Transmission time
(B) Propagation time
(C) Queuing and processing
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#36: Packet switching used in:
(A) Internet
(B) LANs
(C) Both A and B
(D) None
Answer: (C) Both A and B
Q#37: Circuit switching used in:
(A) Telephone networks
(B) Internet
(C) LANs
(D) None
Answer: (A) Telephone networks
Q#38: Datagram network disadvantage:
(A) Out-of-order delivery
(B) Variable delay
(C) Packet loss
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#39: Virtual circuit advantage:
(A) Ordered delivery
(B) Fixed path
(C) Predictable delay
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#40: Switching reduces:
(A) Number of required links
(B) Transmission speed
(C) Signal strength
(D) Bandwidth
Answer: (A) Number of required links
Q#41: Buffer overflow occurs due to:
(A) Excess packets waiting at node
(B) Empty network
(C) Idle users
(D) None
Answer: (A) Excess packets waiting at node
Q#42: Store-and-forward packet length affects:
(A) Delay
(B) Efficiency
(C) Both A and B
(D) None
Answer: (C) Both A and B
Q#43: Circuit switching requires:
(A) Call setup
(B) Data segmentation
(C) Packet headers
(D) None
Answer: (A) Call setup
Q#44: Packet switching can support:
(A) Voice
(B) Data
(C) Both
(D) None
Answer: (C) Both
Q#45: Switching node buffer stores:
(A) Packets temporarily
(B) Entire message
(C) Only header
(D) None
Answer: (A) Packets temporarily
Q#46: End-to-end delay in packet switching includes:
(A) Transmission, propagation, queuing, processing
(B) Only transmission
(C) Only propagation
(D) None
Answer: (A) Transmission, propagation, queuing, processing
Q#47: Connectionless switching is:
(A) Datagram network
(B) Virtual circuit
(C) Circuit switched
(D) None
Answer: (A) Datagram network
Q#48: Switching used in Internet backbone:
(A) Packet switching
(B) Circuit switching
(C) Message switching
(D) None
Answer: (A) Packet switching
Q#49: Virtual circuit vs Datagram:
(A) VC: fixed path, Datagram: independent path
(B) Both same
(C) VC: connectionless, Datagram: connection-oriented
(D) None
Answer: (A) VC: fixed path, Datagram: independent path
Q#50: Primary goal of switching:
(A) Efficiently connect multiple users
(B) Amplify signal
(C) Reduce bandwidth
(D) Error detection
Answer: (A) Efficiently connect multiple users