Q#1: The main purpose of normalization is to:
(A) Increase redundancy
(B) Reduce redundancy and avoid anomalies
(C) Encrypt data
(D) Increase table size
Answer: (B) Reduce redundancy and avoid anomalies
Q#2: First Normal Form (1NF) requires:
(A) No repeating groups and atomic values
(B) No partial dependency
(C) No transitive dependency
(D) Every determinant is a candidate key
Answer: (A) No repeating groups and atomic values
Q#3: Second Normal Form (2NF) requires:
(A) 1NF and no partial dependency
(B) 2NF and no transitive dependency
(C) 3NF and every determinant is a key
(D) 1NF and every attribute is primary key
Answer: (A) 1NF and no partial dependency
Q#4: Third Normal Form (3NF) requires:
(A) 2NF and no transitive dependency
(B) 1NF and atomic values
(C) BCNF and no partial dependency
(D) 2NF and atomic values
Answer: (A) 2NF and no transitive dependency
Q#5: Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) requires:
(A) Every determinant is a candidate key
(B) No partial dependency
(C) No transitive dependency
(D) Only atomic values
Answer: (A) Every determinant is a candidate key
Q#6: Fourth Normal Form (4NF) deals with:
(A) Multi-valued dependencies
(B) Transitive dependencies
(C) Partial dependencies
(D) Atomic values
Answer: (A) Multi-valued dependencies
Q#7: Fifth Normal Form (5NF) deals with:
(A) Join dependencies
(B) Partial dependencies
(C) Transitive dependencies
(D) Atomic values
Answer: (A) Join dependencies
Q#8: Normalization helps to prevent:
(A) Insertion anomalies
(B) Update anomalies
(C) Deletion anomalies
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#9: A table in 1NF can have:
(A) Repeating groups
(B) Atomic values only
(C) Partial dependency
(D) Transitive dependency
Answer: (B) Atomic values only
Q#10: Partial dependency occurs when:
(A) Non-prime attribute depends on part of a composite key
(B) Non-prime attribute depends on whole key
(C) Attribute is null
(D) Determinant is null
Answer: (A) Non-prime attribute depends on part of a composite key
Q#11: Transitive dependency occurs when:
(A) Non-prime attribute depends on another non-prime attribute
(B) Attribute depends on part of key
(C) Attribute depends on null
(D) Attribute depends on primary key directly
Answer: (A) Non-prime attribute depends on another non-prime attribute
Q#12: A relation in BCNF is also in:
(A) 1NF only
(B) 2NF and 3NF
(C) 4NF only
(D) 5NF only
Answer: (B) 2NF and 3NF
Q#13: Which normal form eliminates redundancy caused by functional dependency?
(A) 1NF
(B) 2NF
(C) 3NF
(D) BCNF
Answer: (C) 3NF
Q#14: Multi-valued dependency occurs when:
(A) One attribute determines multiple independent attributes
(B) Attribute depends on part of key
(C) Attribute depends on non-key
(D) Attribute is null
Answer: (A) One attribute determines multiple independent attributes
Q#15: 1NF can be violated by:
(A) Repeating groups
(B) Partial dependency
(C) Transitive dependency
(D) Multi-valued dependency
Answer: (A) Repeating groups
Q#16: 2NF can be violated by:
(A) Partial dependency
(B) Transitive dependency
(C) Multi-valued dependency
(D) Join dependency
Answer: (A) Partial dependency
Q#17: 3NF can be violated by:
(A) Transitive dependency
(B) Partial dependency
(C) Multi-valued dependency
(D) Join dependency
Answer: (A) Transitive dependency
Q#18: BCNF resolves:
(A) All anomalies due to functional dependency
(B) Multi-valued dependency
(C) Join dependency
(D) Atomic values
Answer: (A) All anomalies due to functional dependency
Q#19: Denormalization is:
(A) Converting higher normal forms to lower forms for performance
(B) Eliminating redundancy
(C) Increasing normalization
(D) Adding constraints
Answer: (A) Converting higher normal forms to lower forms for performance
Q#20: A relation can be in 3NF but not in BCNF if:
(A) A non-prime attribute is a determinant
(B) Partial dependency exists
(C) Repeating groups exist
(D) Multi-valued dependency exists
Answer: (A) A non-prime attribute is a determinant
Q#21: First step in normalization is:
(A) Convert table to 1NF
(B) Remove partial dependency
(C) Remove transitive dependency
(D) Convert to BCNF
Answer: (A) Convert table to 1NF
Q#22: Decomposition in normalization means:
(A) Splitting a table into two or more tables
(B) Merging tables
(C) Dropping columns
(D) Dropping rows
Answer: (A) Splitting a table into two or more tables
Q#23: Normalization improves:
(A) Data integrity
(B) Redundancy
(C) Query speed always
(D) Storage space only
Answer: (A) Data integrity
Q#24: A table in 4NF is also in:
(A) 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF
(B) Only 3NF
(C) Only 2NF
(D) 5NF only
Answer: (A) 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF
Q#25: 5NF deals with:
(A) Join dependencies
(B) Partial dependencies
(C) Transitive dependencies
(D) Atomic values
Answer: (A) Join dependencies
Q#26: Normalization is based on:
(A) Functional dependencies
(B) Foreign keys only
(C) Candidate keys only
(D) Surrogate keys only
Answer: (A) Functional dependencies
Q#27: Anomalies can occur in:
(A) Unnormalized tables
(B) Normalized tables
(C) BCNF tables
(D) 4NF tables
Answer: (A) Unnormalized tables
Q#28: A table in BCNF may still have:
(A) Multi-valued dependencies
(B) Partial dependency
(C) Transitive dependency
(D) Repeating groups
Answer: (A) Multi-valued dependencies
Q#29: Normal forms are applied:
(A) Step by step from 1NF upwards
(B) Randomly
(C) Only in 3NF
(D) Only in BCNF
Answer: (A) Step by step from 1NF upwards
Q#30: The ultimate goal of normalization is:
(A) Remove redundancy and anomalies
(B) Increase storage
(C) Improve hardware performance
(D) Encrypt data
Answer: (A) Remove redundancy and anomalies