Q#1: Multiple access allows:
(A) Multiple users to share the same communication medium
(B) Only one user at a time
(C) Dedicated lines per user
(D) None
Answer: (A) Multiple users to share the same communication medium
Q#2: Primary multiple access methods include:
(A) TDMA, FDMA, CDMA
(B) FDM, TDM, SDLC
(C) Parity, CRC, Checksum
(D) None
Answer: (A) TDMA, FDMA, CDMA
Q#3: FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) works by:
(A) Assigning different frequency bands to users
(B) Assigning different time slots
(C) Using spreading codes
(D) None
Answer: (A) Assigning different frequency bands to users
Q#4: TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) works by:
(A) Assigning different time slots to users
(B) Assigning different frequency bands
(C) Using codes
(D) None
Answer: (A) Assigning different time slots to users
Q#5: CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) works by:
(A) Assigning unique codes to users
(B) Using time slots
(C) Using frequency bands
(D) None
Answer: (A) Assigning unique codes to users
Q#6: FDMA disadvantage:
(A) Requires guard bands
(B) Bandwidth inefficient
(C) Susceptible to crosstalk
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#7: TDMA disadvantage:
(A) Requires synchronization
(B) Idle time slots reduce efficiency
(C) Both A and B
(D) None
Answer: (C) Both A and B
Q#8: CDMA advantage:
(A) Multiple users can transmit simultaneously
(B) Resistant to interference
(C) Efficient bandwidth use
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Q#9: Random access protocols allow:
(A) Users to transmit whenever they have data
(B) Fixed time slots
(C) Fixed frequencies
(D) None
Answer: (A) Users to transmit whenever they have data
Q#10: ALOHA protocol is a:
(A) Random access protocol
(B) Deterministic protocol
(C) Time-division protocol
(D) Frequency-division protocol
Answer: (A) Random access protocol
Q#11: Pure ALOHA:
(A) Sends data whenever ready and waits for acknowledgment
(B) Uses fixed time slots
(C) Uses frequency bands
(D) None
Answer: (A) Sends data whenever ready and waits for acknowledgment
Q#12: Slotted ALOHA improves efficiency by:
(A) Dividing time into slots
(B) Using frequency bands
(C) Using codes
(D) None
Answer: (A) Dividing time into slots
Q#13: CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) listens to the channel:
(A) Before transmitting
(B) After transmitting
(C) Randomly
(D) None
Answer: (A) Before transmitting
Q#14: CSMA/CD is used in:
(A) Wired Ethernet
(B) Wireless LAN
(C) Satellite links
(D) None
Answer: (A) Wired Ethernet
Q#15: CSMA/CA is used in:
(A) Wireless LAN
(B) Wired LAN
(C) TDMA
(D) FDMA
Answer: (A) Wireless LAN
Q#16: CDMA uses:
(A) Spreading codes to separate users
(B) Time slots
(C) Frequency bands
(D) None
Answer: (A) Spreading codes to separate users
Q#17: FDMA channel separation requires:
(A) Guard bands
(B) Time slots
(C) Spreading codes
(D) None
Answer: (A) Guard bands
Q#18: TDMA frame contains:
(A) Multiple time slots
(B) Single frequency
(C) Spreading code
(D) None
Answer: (A) Multiple time slots
Q#19: CDMA spreading code is:
(A) Unique for each user
(B) Same for all users
(C) Random per frame
(D) None
Answer: (A) Unique for each user
Q#20: ALOHA efficiency:
(A) Maximum 18% for pure ALOHA
(B) Maximum 36% for pure ALOHA
(C) Maximum 50%
(D) 100%
Answer: (A) Maximum 18% for pure ALOHA
Q#21: Slotted ALOHA efficiency:
(A) Maximum 36%
(B) Maximum 18%
(C) 50%
(D) 100%
Answer: (A) Maximum 36%
Q#22: Collision occurs when:
(A) Two users transmit simultaneously
(B) Only one user transmits
(C) Frequency shifts
(D) None
Answer: (A) Two users transmit simultaneously
Q#23: Random access protocols are:
(A) Contention-based
(B) Collision-free
(C) Fixed allocation
(D) None
Answer: (A) Contention-based
Q#24: Deterministic protocols provide:
(A) Guaranteed access to medium
(B) Random access
(C) Collision
(D) None
Answer: (A) Guaranteed access to medium
Q#25: Polling is:
(A) Deterministic access method
(B) Random access method
(C) Collision detection method
(D) None
Answer: (A) Deterministic access method
Q#26: Token passing provides:
(A) Collision-free access
(B) Random access
(C) Slotted ALOHA
(D) None
Answer: (A) Collision-free access
Q#27: CSMA/CD detects:
(A) Collisions on wired network
(B) Collisions on wireless
(C) Lost packets
(D) None
Answer: (A) Collisions on wired network
Q#28: CSMA/CA avoids:
(A) Collisions in wireless networks
(B) Bandwidth allocation
(C) TDMA
(D) None
Answer: (A) Collisions in wireless networks
Q#29: Random access protocols efficiency decreases with:
(A) High traffic load
(B) Low traffic
(C) Low noise
(D) None
Answer: (A) High traffic load
Q#30: FDMA vs TDMA:
(A) FDMA divides frequency, TDMA divides time
(B) Both divide frequency
(C) Both divide time
(D) None
Answer: (A) FDMA divides frequency, TDMA divides time
Q#31: CDMA vs TDMA:
(A) CDMA uses codes, TDMA uses time slots
(B) Both use codes
(C) Both use time slots
(D) None
Answer: (A) CDMA uses codes, TDMA uses time slots
Q#32: Multiple access control (MAC) protocol defines:
(A) How users share the medium
(B) Error correction
(C) Parity
(D) None
Answer: (A) How users share the medium
Q#33: CSMA types:
(A) 1-persistent, non-persistent, p-persistent
(B) Stop-and-wait
(C) Sliding window
(D) None
Answer: (A) 1-persistent, non-persistent, p-persistent
Q#34: 1-persistent CSMA:
(A) Transmit immediately if channel idle
(B) Wait random time
(C) Uses codes
(D) None
Answer: (A) Transmit immediately if channel idle
Q#35: Non-persistent CSMA:
(A) Waits random time if channel busy
(B) Transmit immediately
(C) Uses frequency band
(D) None
Answer: (A) Waits random time if channel busy
Q#36: P-persistent CSMA:
(A) Transmit with probability p in a time slot
(B) Transmit always
(C) Transmit never
(D) None
Answer: (A) Transmit with probability p in a time slot
Q#37: Collision domain:
(A) Area where collisions may occur
(B) Area with no collisions
(C) Wireless only
(D) None
Answer: (A) Area where collisions may occur
Q#38: FDMA guard bands prevent:
(A) Interference between adjacent channels
(B) Collisions
(C) Random access
(D) None
Answer: (A) Interference between adjacent channels
Q#39: CDMA spreading factor affects:
(A) Number of simultaneous users
(B) Time slot
(C) Frequency band
(D) None
Answer: (A) Number of simultaneous users
Q#40: Multiple access protocols are implemented in:
(A) MAC sublayer
(B) Network layer
(C) Physical layer only
(D) None
Answer: (A) MAC sublayer
Q#41: Collision detection is not feasible in:
(A) Wireless networks
(B) Wired networks
(C) Ethernet
(D) None
Answer: (A) Wireless networks
Q#42: Token ring uses:
(A) Token passing for collision-free access
(B) Random access
(C) Time slots
(D) Frequency bands
Answer: (A) Token passing for collision-free access
Q#43: Polling vs Token passing:
(A) Both are deterministic access
(B) Polling is random
(C) Token passing is random
(D) None
Answer: (A) Both are deterministic access
Q#44: ALOHA delay increases with:
(A) Increased traffic load
(B) Low traffic
(C) High bandwidth
(D) None
Answer: (A) Increased traffic load
Q#45: Slotted ALOHA vs Pure ALOHA:
(A) Slotted doubles maximum efficiency
(B) Same efficiency
(C) Slotted less efficient
(D) None
Answer: (A) Slotted doubles maximum efficiency
Q#46: CDMA interference resistance due to:
(A) Spreading codes
(B) Guard bands
(C) Time slots
(D) None
Answer: (A) Spreading codes
Q#47: TDMA requires:
(A) Synchronization among users
(B) Codes
(C) Frequency guard bands
(D) None
Answer: (A) Synchronization among users
Q#48: MAC sublayer is part of:
(A) Data link layer
(B) Network layer
(C) Physical layer
(D) None
Answer: (A) Data link layer
Q#49: Random access collisions are resolved by:
(A) Retransmission after random delay
(B) Dedicated channels
(C) Codes
(D) None
Answer: (A) Retransmission after random delay
Q#50: Primary goal of multiple access protocols:
(A) Efficient and fair sharing of communication medium
(B) Reduce noise
(C) Increase bandwidth only
(D) None
Answer: (A) Efficient and fair sharing of communication medium