MCQs on Role of Ijtehad and Ijma in Islamic Jurisprudence

1. What does the term Ijtehad mean in Islamic jurisprudence?
(A) Blind following of scholars
(B) Collective opinion
(C) Personal reasoning to derive legal rulings
(D) Repetition of Hadith

2. Who is qualified to perform Ijtehad?
(A) Any Muslim
(B) A political leader
(C) A person with deep knowledge of Quran, Sunnah, and Arabic
(D) A translator

3. What is Ijma in Islamic law?
(A) Individual reasoning
(B) Disagreement of scholars
(C) Consensus of Muslim scholars on a legal issue
(D) The opinion of one scholar

4. Which Caliph institutionalized the practice of Ijtehad during his rule?
(A) Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA)
(B) Hazrat Umar (RA)
(C) Hazrat Usman (RA)
(D) Hazrat Ali (RA)

5. Which of the following is not a source of Islamic law?
(A) Quran
(B) Sunnah
(C) Ijma
(D) Personal opinion without knowledge

6. The process of Ijtehad helps in:
(A) Changing the Quranic text
(B) Interpreting law in new situations
(C) Ignoring Hadith
(D) Avoiding consensus

7. What ensures the unity of the Ummah in legal matters?
(A) Ijtehad only
(B) Qiyas
(C) Ijma
(D) Taqleed

8. Which scholar is known for emphasizing Ijtehad in modern times?
(A) Imam Abu Hanifa
(B) Imam Bukhari
(C) Allama Iqbal
(D) Imam Nawawi

9. Ijma is valid only when it is done by:
(A) The general public
(B) Politicians
(C) Qualified jurists and scholars
(D) Historians

10. What is the benefit of Ijtehad in contemporary Islamic society?
(A) It causes division
(B) It allows for outdated laws
(C) It addresses modern challenges through Islamic principles
(D) It replaces the Quran