MCQs on Ottoman Empire – Rise and Fall

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1. : Who was the founder of the Ottoman Empire?





2. : In which year was the Ottoman Empire officially founded?





3. : What was the capital of the Ottoman Empire after 1453?





4. : Who conquered Constantinople in 1453?





5. : What was Constantinople renamed after the Ottoman conquest?





6. : What was the title of the Ottoman ruler?





7. : Which Ottoman Sultan was known as “The Lawgiver”?





8. : Under whose reign did the Ottoman Empire reach its greatest territorial extent?





9. : What was the elite military unit of the Ottoman Empire called?





10. : What system did the Ottomans use to recruit Christian boys for state service?





11. : Which sea did the Ottoman Empire control during its height?





12. : What major Christian city did the Ottomans fail to conquer?





13. : In which year did the Ottomans first lay siege to Vienna?





14. : Which battle in 1571 was a major naval defeat for the Ottomans?





15. : Who was the first Ottoman Sultan to declare himself Caliph?





16. : Which empire did the Ottomans defeat to capture the Caliphate?





17. : Which religious group dominated the Ottoman administration?





18. : What was the official language of the Ottoman court?





19. : The Ottoman Empire was often in conflict with which European power in the Mediterranean?





20. : Which dynasty ruled Persia and was a major rival of the Ottomans?





21. : What architectural structure symbolizes Ottoman Istanbul?





22. : Who designed many iconic buildings in the Ottoman Empire?





23. : The Millet system allowed:





24. : What was the main cause of Ottoman decline in the 17th century?





25. : The second siege of Vienna took place in which year?





26. : Who led the Christian forces during the Battle of Vienna in 1683?





27. : What was the Tanzimat period in the Ottoman Empire?





28. : In which century did the Tanzimat reforms begin?





29. : Which sultan was deposed during the Young Turk Revolution?





30. : The Ottoman Empire entered World War I on the side of:





31. : Who led the Turkish War of Independence?





32. : What year did the Ottoman Empire officially end?





33. : What replaced the Ottoman Empire in 1923?





34. : Who was the last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire?





35. : Which treaty officially dissolved the Ottoman Empire?





36. : What happened to the Caliphate after the fall of the Ottoman Empire?





37. : The Ottoman Empire was part of which broader Islamic caliphate lineage?





38. : Which of these was NOT part of the Ottoman Empire?





39. : Which Ottoman sultan was known for conquering the holy cities of Mecca and Medina?





40. : The Ottoman Empire lasted for how many years?





41. : What religion was dominant in the Ottoman Empire?





42. : The Ottomans controlled the pilgrimage route to:





43. : What was the Harem in the Ottoman palace?





44. : Which battle marked a turning point and decline of Ottoman naval power?





45. : Who were the “Young Turks”?





46. : What was the Ottoman system of land grants called?





47. : What was a major reason for Ottoman economic problems in later centuries?





48. : The famous Topkapi Palace is located in:





49. : What was the Ottoman policy toward religious minorities?





50. : What title did the Ottoman ruler assume after capturing Mecca and Medina?





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