MCQs on Ottoman Empire – Rise and Fall

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1. : Who was the founder of the Ottoman Empire?



2. : In which year was the Ottoman Empire officially founded?



3. : What was the capital of the Ottoman Empire after 1453?



4. : Who conquered Constantinople in 1453?



5. : What was Constantinople renamed after the Ottoman conquest?



6. : What was the title of the Ottoman ruler?



7. : Which Ottoman Sultan was known as “The Lawgiver”?



8. : Under whose reign did the Ottoman Empire reach its greatest territorial extent?



9. : What was the elite military unit of the Ottoman Empire called?



10. : What system did the Ottomans use to recruit Christian boys for state service?



11. : Which sea did the Ottoman Empire control during its height?



12. : What major Christian city did the Ottomans fail to conquer?



13. : In which year did the Ottomans first lay siege to Vienna?



14. : Which battle in 1571 was a major naval defeat for the Ottomans?



15. : Who was the first Ottoman Sultan to declare himself Caliph?



16. : Which empire did the Ottomans defeat to capture the Caliphate?



17. : Which religious group dominated the Ottoman administration?



18. : What was the official language of the Ottoman court?



19. : The Ottoman Empire was often in conflict with which European power in the Mediterranean?



20. : Which dynasty ruled Persia and was a major rival of the Ottomans?



21. : What architectural structure symbolizes Ottoman Istanbul?



22. : Who designed many iconic buildings in the Ottoman Empire?



23. : The Millet system allowed:



24. : What was the main cause of Ottoman decline in the 17th century?



25. : The second siege of Vienna took place in which year?



26. : Who led the Christian forces during the Battle of Vienna in 1683?



27. : What was the Tanzimat period in the Ottoman Empire?



28. : In which century did the Tanzimat reforms begin?



29. : Which sultan was deposed during the Young Turk Revolution?



30. : The Ottoman Empire entered World War I on the side of:



31. : Who led the Turkish War of Independence?



32. : What year did the Ottoman Empire officially end?



33. : What replaced the Ottoman Empire in 1923?



34. : Who was the last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire?



35. : Which treaty officially dissolved the Ottoman Empire?



36. : What happened to the Caliphate after the fall of the Ottoman Empire?



37. : The Ottoman Empire was part of which broader Islamic caliphate lineage?



38. : Which of these was NOT part of the Ottoman Empire?



39. : Which Ottoman sultan was known for conquering the holy cities of Mecca and Medina?



40. : The Ottoman Empire lasted for how many years?



41. : What religion was dominant in the Ottoman Empire?



42. : The Ottomans controlled the pilgrimage route to:



43. : What was the Harem in the Ottoman palace?



44. : Which battle marked a turning point and decline of Ottoman naval power?



45. : Who were the “Young Turks”?



46. : What was the Ottoman system of land grants called?



47. : What was a major reason for Ottoman economic problems in later centuries?



48. : The famous Topkapi Palace is located in:



49. : What was the Ottoman policy toward religious minorities?



50. : What title did the Ottoman ruler assume after capturing Mecca and Medina?



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