MCQs on Islamic Contributions in Mathematics, Astronomy, and Philosophy

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1. : Who is known as the father of algebra in the Islamic world?



2. : Which Muslim scholar introduced the concept of algorithm?



3. : Who translated and preserved Greek philosophical works into Arabic?



4. : The term “algebra” is derived from the title of which book?



5. : Who was the leading Muslim philosopher often called the “Second Teacher”?



6. : Al-Biruni made important contributions to which two sciences?



7. : Who wrote commentaries on Aristotle’s works and defended rationalism in Islam?



8. : Al-Kindi is often regarded as the first:



9. : The concept of zero was developed and introduced to Europe by:



10. : Al-Zarqali contributed to the development of which astronomical tool?



11. : Which philosopher’s works greatly influenced medieval Europe?



12. : Which scholar accurately calculated the Earth’s circumference?



13. : Al-Kindi made significant contributions in:



14. : Which philosopher wrote “The Incoherence of the Incoherence”?



15. : Al-Farabi is well known for his works on:



16. : Which Muslim philosopher authored “Hayy ibn Yaqzan”?



17. : Who developed spherical trigonometry for astronomical purposes?



18. : The famous observatory in Baghdad was founded during which Islamic dynasty?



19. : Al-Battani is known for improving the values of which astronomical constant?



20. : The House of Wisdom in Baghdad was established by which Caliph?



21. : Which Muslim scholar’s astronomical tables were used in Europe for centuries?



22. : Ibn Sina’s philosophy blended Islamic thought with which philosopher’s ideas?



23. : Which instrument was perfected by Muslim astronomers for navigation and astronomy?



24. : Al-Khwarizmi’s name is the origin of which modern term?



25. : Which philosopher was critical of the use of pure reason in theology?



26. : Who wrote “The Incoherence of the Philosophers”?



27. : The decimal positional number system was developed by:



28. : Al-Kindi contributed to which form of mathematics?



29. : Which philosopher’s works were used in Christian scholasticism in Europe?



30. : Who is credited with measuring the radius of the Earth accurately using trigonometry?



31. : Al-Zarqali was also known by what Latin name in Europe?



32. : Who introduced sine, cosine, and tangent to trigonometry?



33. : Which scholar created astronomical tables that were later translated into Latin as “Toledan Tables”?



34. : The philosophical school that emphasized reason and logic in Islam was:



35. : Ibn Tufail’s novel “Hayy ibn Yaqzan” influenced which European thinker?



36. : Who corrected Ptolemy’s astronomical data and models?



37. : Which Muslim thinker emphasized the harmony between reason and revelation?



38. : Muslim astronomers translated and built upon the work of which Greek astronomer?



39. : Al-Farabi’s political philosophy was inspired by which Greek thinker?



40. : Who wrote “Kitab al-Musiqa al-Kabir” (The Great Book of Music)?



41. : Which Muslim scholar devised a mechanical water clock and astronomical instruments?



42. : Which Muslim philosopher was also a renowned physician and astronomer?



43. : Al-Ghazali is most famous for reconciling:



44. : Muslim contributions in astronomy influenced the development of:



45. : Which Muslim scholar criticized Greek metaphysics but supported ethics?



46. : The science of optics was advanced by whom?



47. : Ibn Sina’s ideas in metaphysics were based on:



48. : The translation movement that preserved classical knowledge took place mainly in:



49. : Which Islamic scholar first used coordinates for mapping stars?



50. : Muslim philosophical and scientific thought was preserved in:



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