MCQs on Islamic Contributions in Mathematics, Astronomy, and Philosophy

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1. : Who is known as the father of algebra in the Islamic world?





2. : Which Muslim scholar introduced the concept of algorithm?





3. : Who translated and preserved Greek philosophical works into Arabic?





4. : The term “algebra” is derived from the title of which book?





5. : Who was the leading Muslim philosopher often called the “Second Teacher”?





6. : Al-Biruni made important contributions to which two sciences?





7. : Who wrote commentaries on Aristotle’s works and defended rationalism in Islam?





8. : Al-Kindi is often regarded as the first:





9. : The concept of zero was developed and introduced to Europe by:





10. : Al-Zarqali contributed to the development of which astronomical tool?





11. : Which philosopher’s works greatly influenced medieval Europe?





12. : Which scholar accurately calculated the Earth’s circumference?





13. : Al-Kindi made significant contributions in:





14. : Which philosopher wrote “The Incoherence of the Incoherence”?





15. : Al-Farabi is well known for his works on:





16. : Which Muslim philosopher authored “Hayy ibn Yaqzan”?





17. : Who developed spherical trigonometry for astronomical purposes?





18. : The famous observatory in Baghdad was founded during which Islamic dynasty?





19. : Al-Battani is known for improving the values of which astronomical constant?





20. : The House of Wisdom in Baghdad was established by which Caliph?





21. : Which Muslim scholar’s astronomical tables were used in Europe for centuries?





22. : Ibn Sina’s philosophy blended Islamic thought with which philosopher’s ideas?





23. : Which instrument was perfected by Muslim astronomers for navigation and astronomy?





24. : Al-Khwarizmi’s name is the origin of which modern term?





25. : Which philosopher was critical of the use of pure reason in theology?





26. : Who wrote “The Incoherence of the Philosophers”?





27. : The decimal positional number system was developed by:





28. : Al-Kindi contributed to which form of mathematics?





29. : Which philosopher’s works were used in Christian scholasticism in Europe?





30. : Who is credited with measuring the radius of the Earth accurately using trigonometry?





31. : Al-Zarqali was also known by what Latin name in Europe?





32. : Who introduced sine, cosine, and tangent to trigonometry?





33. : Which scholar created astronomical tables that were later translated into Latin as “Toledan Tables”?





34. : The philosophical school that emphasized reason and logic in Islam was:





35. : Ibn Tufail’s novel “Hayy ibn Yaqzan” influenced which European thinker?





36. : Who corrected Ptolemy’s astronomical data and models?





37. : Which Muslim thinker emphasized the harmony between reason and revelation?





38. : Muslim astronomers translated and built upon the work of which Greek astronomer?





39. : Al-Farabi’s political philosophy was inspired by which Greek thinker?





40. : Who wrote “Kitab al-Musiqa al-Kabir” (The Great Book of Music)?





41. : Which Muslim scholar devised a mechanical water clock and astronomical instruments?





42. : Which Muslim philosopher was also a renowned physician and astronomer?





43. : Al-Ghazali is most famous for reconciling:





44. : Muslim contributions in astronomy influenced the development of:





45. : Which Muslim scholar criticized Greek metaphysics but supported ethics?





46. : The science of optics was advanced by whom?





47. : Ibn Sina’s ideas in metaphysics were based on:





48. : The translation movement that preserved classical knowledge took place mainly in:





49. : Which Islamic scholar first used coordinates for mapping stars?





50. : Muslim philosophical and scientific thought was preserved in:





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