Fundamental Mathematics (Percentages, Ratios, Averages) MCQs

1. What is 25% of 200?
(A) 25
(B) 50
(C) 75
(D) 100

2. A ratio of 3:5 means:
(A) 3 parts of one quantity to 5 parts of another
(B) 3 divided by 5
(C) 5 divided by 3
(D) 3 plus 5

3. If the average of 5, 10, and 15 is X, what is X?
(A) 5
(B) 10
(C) 15
(D) 20

4. What is 60% of 150?
(A) 60
(B) 75
(C) 90
(D) 120

5. The ratio 8:4 is equivalent to which of the following?
(A) 2:1
(B) 4:8
(C) 1:2
(D) 3:5

6. If the sum of three numbers is 90 and their average is 30, what is the sum of the two largest numbers if the smallest number is 20?
(A) 40
(B) 50
(C) 60
(D) 70

7. If a number is increased by 20%, what is the new value of 50?
(A) 55
(B) 60
(C) 70
(D) 80

8. What percentage of 80 is 20?
(A) 15%
(B) 20%
(C) 25%
(D) 30%

9. A shopkeeper offers a discount of 10% on an item worth Rs. 500. What is the selling price?
(A) Rs. 400
(B) Rs. 450
(C) Rs. 475
(D) Rs. 490

10. If a:b = 4:7 and b:c = 2:5, what is a:c?
(A) 4:5
(B) 8:35
(C) 5:8
(D) 7:4

11. The average of 8, 12, and 16 is:
(A) 10
(B) 12
(C) 14
(D) 16

12. A person spends 30% of his salary on rent. If his salary is Rs. 40,000, how much does he spend on rent?
(A) Rs. 10,000
(B) Rs. 12,000
(C) Rs. 15,000
(D) Rs. 20,000

13. The ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3:4. If there are 21 boys, how many girls are there?
(A) 21
(B) 24
(C) 28
(D) 30

14. If 15 is 30% of a number, what is the number?
(A) 40
(B) 45
(C) 50
(D) 60

15. A number is divided into the ratio 5:3. If the sum of the two parts is 64, what is the larger part?
(A) 24
(B) 32
(C) 40
(D) 48

16. If the cost price of an item is Rs. 250 and it is sold for Rs. 300, what is the profit percentage?
(A) 10%
(B) 15%
(C) 20%
(D) 25%

17. The average of four numbers is 50. If three of the numbers are 40, 55, and 60, what is the fourth number?
(A) 30
(B) 35
(C) 40
(D) 45

18. If the price of a product increases from Rs. 80 to Rs. 100, what is the percentage increase?
(A) 20%
(B) 25%
(C) 30%
(D) 40%

19. A sum of Rs. 5000 is divided among three people in the ratio 2:3:5. What is the share of the person with the highest ratio?
(A) Rs. 2000
(B) Rs. 2500
(C) Rs. 3000
(D) Rs. 3500

20. If the population of a town increases by 10% annually, what will be the population after one year if the current population is 50,000?
(A) 52,000
(B) 54,000
(C) 55,000
(D) 60,000