Fruit and Vegetable Processing MCQs 50 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. : The main purpose of blanching fruits and vegetables before freezing is: (A) To destroy enzymes (B) To soften texture (C) To add flavor (D) To improve color 2. : The primary reason for browning in cut fruits is: (A) Fat oxidation (B) Polyphenol oxidase activity (C) Low pH (D) Sunlight exposure 3. : Which preservative is commonly used in fruit juices? (A) Potassium nitrate (B) Sodium benzoate (C) Sodium chloride (D) Citric acid 4. : The removal of water from fruits and vegetables is called: (A) Blanching (B) Peeling (C) Dehydration (D) Fermentation 5. : The ideal temperature for cold storage of most fruits is: (A) 20°C (B) –10°C (C) 0–5°C (D) 15°C 6. : The process of converting fruit pulp into juice is known as: (A) Extraction (B) Filtration (C) Fermentation (D) Concentration 7. : Which fruit is most suitable for making jam? (A) Watermelon (B) Papaya (C) Guava (D) Banana 8. : The sugar concentration in jam should be approximately: (A) 25% (B) 45% (C) 65% (D) 85% 9. : What is the main purpose of pasteurization in fruit juice processing? (A) To thicken juice (B) To destroy microorganisms (C) To reduce acidity (D) To increase sweetness 10. : Which acid is naturally present in citrus fruits? (A) Malic acid (B) Acetic acid (C) Citric acid (D) Lactic acid 11. : Which vitamin is most sensitive to heat during processing? (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin D (C) Vitamin C (D) Vitamin K 12. : Fruit ripening is mainly regulated by: (A) Carbon dioxide (B) Oxygen (C) Nitrogen (D) Ethylene gas 13. : What is the common method of juice clarification? (A) Sedimentation (B) Enzymatic treatment (C) Cooling (D) Blending 14. : Which process removes air from canned fruits before sealing? (A) Sterilization (B) Exhausting (C) Blanching (D) Clarification 15. : The Brix value represents: (A) Acidity (B) pH level (C) Sugar concentration (D) Texture 16. : Which of the following causes softening of vegetables during cooking? (A) Water loss (B) Pectin breakdown (C) Protein oxidation (D) Caramelization 17. : The non-enzymatic browning in dried fruits is due to: (A) Maillard reaction (B) Polyphenol oxidase (C) Water loss (D) Chlorophyll degradation 18. : Which fruit is commonly used for making jelly? (A) Banana (B) Apple (C) Mango (D) Melon 19. : The process of canning fruits was invented by: (A) Nicolas Appert (B) Louis Pasteur (C) Isaac Newton (D) Robert Koch 20. : The main cause of spoilage in canned fruits is: (A) Excess sugar (B) Microbial contamination (C) Acid oxidation (D) Improper sealing 21. : The main gelling agent in jam making is: (A) Pectin (B) Agar (C) Starch (D) Gelatin 22. : Which fruit has the highest pectin content? (A) Melon (B) Apple (C) Grape (D) Banana 23. : The blanching of vegetables prevents: (A) Freezer burn (B) Enzymatic browning (C) Color improvement (D) Acid formation 24. : The process of fruit fermentation produces: (A) Alcohol (B) Glucose (C) Protein (D) Fiber 25. : The pH of most fruits lies between: (A) 2.5–4.5 (B) 5–6 (C) 7–8 (D) 8–9 26. : Which of the following helps retain color in canned peas? (A) Calcium chloride (B) Potassium nitrate (C) Sodium bicarbonate (D) Magnesium sulfate 27. : Enzyme responsible for browning in fruits: (A) Polyphenol oxidase (B) Amylase (C) Lipase (D) Protease 28. : Which of the following methods helps in long-term fruit preservation? (A) Blanching (B) Canning (C) Washing (D) Peeling 29. : The cloudy appearance of fruit juice is due to: (A) Pulp particles (B) Sugar crystals (C) Mold growth (D) Air bubbles 30. : In dehydration, the critical factor affecting drying rate is: (A) Air temperature (B) Packaging material (C) Color (D) pH 31. : Fruit leather is prepared by: (A) Drying fruit pulp (B) Freezing juice (C) Boiling fruit pieces (D) Fermenting pulp 32. : The green color of unripe fruits is due to: (A) Anthocyanins (B) Chlorophyll (C) Carotenoids (D) Tannins 33. : The firmness of fruits is mainly due to: (A) Pectin (B) Protein (C) Water (D) Sugar 34. : In canning, the headspace is left to: (A) Allow for expansion (B) Reduce browning (C) Avoid contamination (D) Improve flavor 35. : Which of the following acids is found in grapes? (A) Malic acid (B) Citric acid (C) Tartaric acid (D) Formic acid 36. : The process of making vinegar from fruits is: (A) Fermentation (B) Blanching (C) Pasteurization (D) Drying 37. : Which of these is a non-climacteric fruit? (A) Pineapple (B) Mango (C) Apple (D) Banana 38. : The main cause of chilling injury in fruits is: (A) Storage at too low temperatures (B) High humidity (C) Microbial activity (D) Sugar crystallization 39. : The term “aseptic packaging” refers to: (A) Packaging under sterile conditions (B) Freezing under pressure (C) Pasteurizing after filling (D) Storage in vacuum 40. : The antioxidant commonly added to fruit products is: (A) Sulfur dioxide (B) Ascorbic acid (C) Citric acid (D) Sodium chloride 41. : Dehydrated vegetables should have moisture content below: (A) 7% (B) 20% (C) 30% (D) 15% 42. : What does the term “freeze-drying” mean? (A) Removal of water by sublimation (B) Air-drying at room temperature (C) Heating under vacuum (D) Quick freezing 43. : The main spoilage organism in fruit juice is: (A) Yeast (B) Mould (C) Bacteria (D) Virus 44. : The total soluble solids (TSS) of fruit juice are measured by: (A) Hydrometer (B) Refractometer (C) Thermometer (D) Barometer 45. : The softening of fruit tissues during ripening is caused by: (A) Pectinolytic enzymes (B) Lipase (C) Amylase (D) Protease 46. : The pigment responsible for red color in tomatoes is: (A) Lycopene (B) Carotene (C) Anthocyanin (D) Chlorophyll 47. : Vacuum concentration of fruit juice helps to: (A) Retain flavor and color (B) Remove acids (C) Reduce sugar (D) Add carbonation 48. : The process of controlled ripening of bananas uses: (A) Nitrogen (B) Ethylene gas (C) Carbon dioxide (D) Sulfur dioxide 49. : A fruit drink containing less than 10% fruit juice is called: (A) Beverage (B) Squash (C) Nectar (D) Concentrate 50. : The main factor affecting fruit color stability during processing is: (A) pH (B) Oxygen (C) Temperature (D) All of the above