Conservation Biology MCQs

1. : Conservation biology is primarily concerned with:
(A) Studying fossil records
(B) Preserving species and ecosystems
(C) Industrial development
(D) Space exploration

2. : The IUCN Red List categorizes species based on:
(A) Color of animals
(B) Risk of extinction
(C) Population growth
(D) Migration behavior

3. : A species found only in a specific geographic region is called:
(A) Endemic species
(B) Exotic species
(C) Invasive species
(D) Native species

4. : The main goal of in-situ conservation is to:
(A) Conserve species within their natural habitat
(B) Breed animals in zoos
(C) Store seeds in seed banks
(D) Relocate species to other countries

5. : An example of in-situ conservation is:
(A) Gene banks
(B) National parks
(C) Tissue culture
(D) Zoos

6. : Which of the following is an ex-situ conservation method?
(A) Sacred groves
(B) Biosphere reserves
(C) Zoos and botanical gardens
(D) Wildlife corridors

7. : The “biodiversity hotspot” concept was introduced by:
(A) Charles Darwin
(B) Norman Myers
(C) Aldo Leopold
(D) Rachel Carson

8. : Which international agreement aims to conserve global biodiversity?
(A) Montreal Protocol
(B) Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
(C) Kyoto Protocol
(D) Paris Agreement

9. : The term “keystone species” refers to:
(A) The most abundant species in an ecosystem
(B) A species crucial for ecosystem stability
(C) The largest predator only
(D) Species with no ecological impact

10. : Which country has the highest biodiversity in the world?
(A) Australia
(B) Brazil
(C) India
(D) USA

11. : The species most threatened by poaching for ivory is:
(A) Tiger
(B) Rhino
(C) Elephant
(D) Leopard

12. : The “edge effect” is related to:
(A) Pollution at the forest boundary
(B) Changes in population or community structure at habitat boundaries
(C) Genetic drift
(D) Climate warming

13. : CITES is an international treaty that regulates:
(A) Trade in endangered species
(B) Forest management
(C) Air pollution
(D) Agricultural biodiversity

14. : The main cause of biodiversity loss worldwide is:
(A) Habitat destruction
(B) Natural disasters
(C) Evolution
(D) Overgrazing alone

15. : Which of the following is a biodiversity hotspot in India?
(A) Thar Desert
(B) Western Ghats
(C) Deccan Plateau
(D) Indo-Gangetic Plain

16. : The “species-area relationship” was first studied by:
(A) Alfred Wallace
(B) Charles Darwin
(C) Alexander von Humboldt
(D) E.O. Wilson

17. : Captive breeding programs aim to:
(A) Eliminate invasive species
(B) Breed endangered species in controlled environments
(C) Increase crop yield
(D) Reduce forest cover

18. : The term “biophilia hypothesis” was proposed by:
(A) Aldo Leopold
(B) Edward O. Wilson
(C) Rachel Carson
(D) Garrett Hardin

19. : The largest coral reef system in the world is:
(A) The Red Sea Reef
(B) The Great Barrier Reef
(C) Belize Barrier Reef
(D) Maldives Atoll Reef

20. : Genetic diversity is important because it:
(A) Reduces food supply
(B) Increases resistance to diseases and environmental changes
(C) Eliminates species competition
(D) Promotes monoculture

21. : Which organization publishes the “Living Planet Report”?
(A) UNEP
(B) WWF
(C) FAO
(D) UNDP

22. : A wildlife corridor is designed to:
(A) Separate humans from wildlife
(B) Connect fragmented habitats for species movement
(C) Reduce the number of animals
(D) Increase human settlements

23. : The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is headquartered in:
(A) Paris, France
(B) Gland, Switzerland
(C) Rome, Italy
(D) New York, USA

24. : The principle of “minimum viable population” refers to:
(A) The largest population possible in a habitat
(B) The smallest population size needed to sustain a species
(C) The total population of a continent
(D) The migration capacity of animals

25. : Which scientist is known as the “Father of Conservation Biology”?
(A) Aldo Leopold
(B) E.O. Wilson
(C) Charles Darwin
(D) Garrett Hardin