Principles of Food Processing MCQs 50 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. : The main purpose of food processing is (A) To increase food spoilage (B) To preserve food and enhance shelf life (C) To reduce nutrients (D) To increase water content Show All Answers 2. : Pasteurization is mainly used for (A) Destroying all microorganisms including spores (B) Killing pathogenic microorganisms (C) Dehydrating food (D) Freezing food 3. : The process of removing moisture from food is called (A) Sterilization (B) Dehydration (C) Pasteurization (D) Fermentation 4. : The process of freezing food rapidly at very low temperatures is known as (A) Cryogenic freezing (B) Blanching (C) Pasteurization (D) Sterilization 5. : The blanching process is mainly applied to (A) Stop enzymatic activity in vegetables (B) Improve color of meat (C) Dry fruits (D) Kill all bacteria 6. : The main objective of canning is to (A) Kill all microorganisms and spores (B) Reduce food flavor (C) Lower temperature (D) Increase sugar content 7. : High-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization is generally used for (A) Milk (B) Meat (C) Cereals (D) Dried fruits 8. : The preservation method involving salt or sugar is known as (A) Osmotic dehydration (B) Fermentation (C) Filtration (D) Irradiation 9. : Freezing preserves food by (A) Removing nutrients (B) Slowing down microbial activity (C) Adding preservatives (D) Heating food 10. : The term āaseptic packagingā means (A) Packaging under sterile conditions (B) Packaging with air exposure (C) Non-hygienic packaging (D) Manual packaging 11. : The process of converting liquid foods into powder form by hot air is (A) Spray drying (B) Freeze drying (C) Evaporation (D) Osmosis 12. : The unit operation of size reduction in food processing involves (A) Grinding and milling (B) Mixing and blending (C) Heating (D) Cooling 13. : The principle of filtration is based on (A) Particle size difference (B) Density (C) Taste (D) Temperature 14. : The method of heating food under pressure above 100°C is (A) Sterilization (B) Blanching (C) Pasteurization (D) Evaporation 15. : The removal of unwanted solid materials from liquids is called (A) Clarification (B) Mixing (C) Cooling (D) Homogenization 16. : The process used to maintain uniform fat distribution in milk is (A) Homogenization (B) Pasteurization (C) Sterilization (D) Blanching 17. : The term āfermentationā refers to (A) Conversion of carbohydrates into alcohol or acids by microorganisms (B) Addition of preservatives (C) Removal of oxygen (D) Heating process 18. : The process of heating food in sealed containers to destroy microorganisms is (A) Canning (B) Dehydration (C) Evaporation (D) Irradiation 19. : The drying technique that uses sublimation is (A) Freeze drying (B) Spray drying (C) Oven drying (D) Sun drying 20. : The main purpose of food irradiation is to (A) Kill microorganisms and insects (B) Decrease shelf life (C) Change food color (D) Reduce nutrients 21. : The process used to concentrate fruit juices is (A) Evaporation (B) Filtration (C) Fermentation (D) Blanching 22. : Dehydration increases food shelf life by (A) Reducing water activity (B) Increasing microbial growth (C) Adding moisture (D) Lowering acidity 23. : Cold storage temperature for most perishable foods is around (A) 0°C to 4°C (B) 10°C to 15°C (C) 25°C to 30°C (D) -20°C 24. : A unit operation used for separating solid particles from liquids using centrifugal force is (A) Centrifugation (B) Filtration (C) Sedimentation (D) Precipitation 25. : The process of removing dissolved gases from liquids is called (A) Deaeration (B) Filtration (C) Pasteurization (D) Condensation 26. : The most heat-resistant microorganisms in food are (A) Bacterial spores (B) Yeasts (C) Molds (D) Vegetative bacteria 27. : Which of the following is a low-temperature preservation method? (A) Freezing (B) Canning (C) Dehydration (D) Frying 28. : The process of removing impurities by settling under gravity is (A) Sedimentation (B) Homogenization (C) Filtration (D) Agitation 29. : Water activity (aw) measures (A) Free water available for microbial growth (B) Total moisture content (C) Bound water (D) Food texture 30. : Enzymatic browning in fruits can be prevented by (A) Blanching or acidification (B) Freezing (C) Dehydration (D) Homogenization 31. : The process of removing impurities by using membranes is called (A) Ultrafiltration (B) Evaporation (C) Blanching (D) Irradiation 32. : The main type of heat transfer in pasteurization is (A) Conduction and convection (B) Radiation (C) Evaporation (D) Osmosis 33. : The process that uses ionizing radiation for preservation is (A) Irradiation (B) Dehydration (C) Evaporation (D) Sterilization 34. : The equipment used for evaporation in the food industry is (A) Falling film evaporator (B) Mixer (C) Pasteurizer (D) Freezer 35. : The process that combines heat and pressure to sterilize food is (A) Retort processing (B) Freezing (C) Blanching (D) Filtration 36. : The principle of concentration is based on (A) Removal of water (B) Addition of sugar (C) Cooling (D) Blanching 37. : The shelf life of canned foods mainly depends on (A) Sterilization temperature and time (B) Labeling (C) Size of can (D) pH only 38. : The main function of preservatives is to (A) Inhibit microbial growth (B) Increase moisture (C) Change color (D) Reduce flavor 39. : Milk pasteurization is carried out at (A) 72°C for 15 seconds (HTST) (B) 90°C for 1 hour (C) 45°C for 10 minutes (D) 120°C for 5 seconds 40. : The term āunit operationsā in food processing means (A) Basic physical steps used in food manufacturing (B) Specific recipes (C) Chemical additives (D) Machinery only 41. : The purpose of freezing food quickly is to (A) Prevent large ice crystal formation (B) Increase microbial growth (C) Reduce weight (D) Improve color 42. : The process that destroys both vegetative cells and spores is (A) Sterilization (B) Pasteurization (C) Blanching (D) Cooling 43. : Enzyme inactivation during processing is achieved by (A) Heat treatment (B) Cooling (C) Freezing (D) Dehydration 44. : Vacuum packaging helps preserve food by (A) Removing oxygen (B) Adding preservatives (C) Lowering moisture (D) Increasing pressure 45. : Which of the following is a non-thermal food processing method? (A) High Pressure Processing (HPP) (B) Sterilization (C) Blanching (D) Canning 46. : The texture of frozen food mainly depends on (A) Freezing rate (B) Packaging color (C) Storage time only (D) Product weight 47. : Osmotic dehydration is mostly applied to (A) Fruits (B) Meat (C) Dairy products (D) Cereals 48. : The principle of drying is based on (A) Evaporation of moisture (B) Addition of salt (C) Cooling (D) Pressurizing 49. : Which of the following is an emerging food preservation technique? (A) Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) (B) Canning (C) Blanching (D) Boiling 50. : The key factor controlling microbial growth in processed food is (A) Water activity (B) Label design (C) Packaging color (D) Storage rack position