Database Models (Hierarchical, Network, Relational)

1. : In which database model is data organized in a tree-like structure?
(A) Network Model
(B) Hierarchical Model
(C) Relational Model
(D) Object-Oriented Model

2. : Which database model allows many-to-many relationships using records and sets?
(A) Hierarchical Model
(B) Network Model
(C) Relational Model
(D) File-based Model

3. : In the relational database model, data is stored in:
(A) Trees
(B) Graphs
(C) Tables with rows and columns
(D) Key-Value pairs

4. : Which of the following is an advantage of the hierarchical database model?
(A) Easy to represent parent-child relationships
(B) Supports complex many-to-many relationships
(C) Allows schema flexibility
(D) Stores data in JSON format

5. : Which of the following is a limitation of the hierarchical model?
(A) Cannot represent one-to-many relationships
(B) Data redundancy due to rigid parent-child structure
(C) Does not support ordered data
(D) Lacks relationships

6. : Which database model was standardized by E.F. Codd in 1970?
(A) Hierarchical Model
(B) Relational Model
(C) Network Model
(D) Object-Oriented Model

7. : Which model uses “pointers” to establish relationships between records?
(A) Relational Model
(B) Network Model
(C) Hierarchical Model
(D) None of the above

8. : In relational databases, a relationship between two tables is established using:
(A) Primary Key and Foreign Key
(B) File paths
(C) Pointers
(D) JSON objects

9. : Which model provides the most flexibility and is widely used today?
(A) Hierarchical Model
(B) Network Model
(C) Relational Model
(D) Flat-file Model

10. : IBM’s IMS (Information Management System) is an example of which model?
(A) Hierarchical Model
(B) Network Model
(C) Relational Model
(D) Document Model