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Oceanography and Marine Biology MCQs

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1. What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by oceans?




2. Which ocean is the largest by area?




3. What is the study of the physical and biological aspects of the ocean called?




4. Which marine zone is closest to the shore and is affected by tides?




5. What type of organism forms the base of most ocean food chains?




6. What is the name of the largest coral reef system in the world?




7. Which oceanic feature is a deep valley on the ocean floor?




8. What is the primary cause of ocean tides?




9. What is the term for the warm, nutrient-poor surface layer of the ocean?




10. Which gas is most abundant in seawater?




11. What marine animals build calcium carbonate shells?




12. What process do marine plants use to convert sunlight into energy?




13. Which ocean zone is known as the “midnight zone” where no sunlight penetrates?




14. Hydrothermal vents are primarily found at which oceanic feature?




15. Which is the largest marine mammal?




16. What is the function of bioluminescence in marine animals?




17. What type of plankton are small drifting animals in the ocean?




18. Which of the following is a key nutrient for marine plant growth?




19. The process where seawater becomes denser due to cooling or increased salinity is called:




20. Which part of a sea turtle’s body helps it to swim efficiently?




21. What is the name of the floating community of organisms at the ocean’s surface?




22. Which ocean layer contains the highest pressure?




23. What is the term for animals that live on or in the seabed?




24. What is the main cause of ocean currents?




25. Which of these is a filter-feeding marine animal?




26. Which marine plant is known as "sea grass"?




27. What is the main component of coral reefs?




28. The deepest part of the ocean is known as the:




29. Which gas dissolves in seawater to create carbonic acid?




30. What is a major threat to coral reefs worldwide?




31. Which fish is known for its ability to generate electric shocks?




32. Which type of symmetry do most adult echinoderms exhibit?




33. Mangrove forests are important because they:




34. What causes ocean acidification?




35. What kind of feeders are baleen whales?




36. Which of the following is a pelagic fish?




37. The process by which nutrients from deep water rise to the surface is called:




38. Which ocean zone supports the greatest biodiversity?




39. What kind of organism is a krill?




40. What is a characteristic of plankton?




41. Which part of the ocean floor is relatively flat and extends from the shore?




42. What type of reproduction is common in marine corals?




43. What is the main source of energy for hydrothermal vent communities?




44. Which marine animal has tentacles with stinging cells called nematocysts?




45. What is the salinity of average seawater?




46. What is the name for the large circular current systems in the oceans?




47. Which of these animals is a nekton?




48. The ocean's biological pump helps in:




49. Which layer of the ocean has the steepest temperature gradient?




50. What is the main purpose of mangrove roots?




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