Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy MCQs

1. What is radioactivity?
(A) Absorption of radiation by materials
(B) Emission of radiation by unstable atomic nuclei
(C) Transmission of sound waves
(D) Creation of energy from sunlight

2. Which of the following particles is not emitted during radioactive decay?
(A) Alpha particle
(B) Beta particle
(C) Neutron
(D) Proton

3. The unit of radioactivity is:
(A) Joule
(B) Coulomb
(C) Becquerel
(D) Tesla

4. Which type of radiation has the highest penetrating power?
(A) Alpha
(B) Beta
(C) Gamma
(D) Ultraviolet

5. In nuclear fission, a heavy nucleus splits into:
(A) Electrons and protons
(B) Two or more lighter nuclei
(C) Neutrons only
(D) Alpha particles

6. What is the source of energy in nuclear reactions?
(A) Frictional heat
(B) Potential energy
(C) Mass converted into energy
(D) Chemical bonding

7. Which of the following is used as a fuel in nuclear reactors?
(A) Uranium-235
(B) Carbon-12
(C) Hydrogen-2
(D) Oxygen-16

8. What is the purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor?
(A) To cool the reactor
(B) To absorb excess neutrons
(C) To increase reaction rate
(D) To shield radiation

9. What type of reaction powers the sun?
(A) Nuclear fission
(B) Radioactive decay
(C) Chemical reaction
(D) Nuclear fusion

10. Which radioactive isotope is commonly used for dating archaeological finds?
(A) Uranium-238
(B) Carbon-14
(C) Iodine-131
(D) Cobalt-60