Q1. Software Quality Assurance (SQA) is:
(A) Process to ensure software meets quality standards
(B) Only coding process
(C) Hardware installation
(D) UI design
Answer: (A) Process to ensure software meets quality standards
Q2. The main objective of SQA is:
(A) Prevent defects and ensure quality throughout software lifecycle
(B) Write code faster
(C) Install hardware
(D) Design UI only
Answer: (A) Prevent defects and ensure quality throughout software lifecycle
Q3. SQA focuses on:
(A) Process, standards, and procedures
(B) Hardware only
(C) UI screens only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Process, standards, and procedures
Q4. Software quality is measured in terms of:
(A) Functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability
(B) Hardware speed only
(C) UI layout only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability
Q5. Quality assurance differs from quality control in that:
(A) SQA focuses on process; QC focuses on product
(B) QC focuses on process
(C) Hardware only
(D) UI only
Answer: (A) SQA focuses on process; QC focuses on product
Q6. ISO 9001 is related to:
(A) Quality management systems
(B) Coding standards only
(C) Database setup
(D) Hardware standards
Answer: (A) Quality management systems
Q7. CMMI stands for:
(A) Capability Maturity Model Integration
(B) Computer Maintenance and Management Institute
(C) Coding Module Integration
(D) Hardware testing standard
Answer: (A) Capability Maturity Model Integration
Q8. Levels of CMMI include:
(A) Initial, Managed, Defined, Quantitatively Managed, Optimizing
(B) Beginner, Intermediate, Advanced
(C) Hardware levels only
(D) UI levels only
Answer: (A) Initial, Managed, Defined, Quantitatively Managed, Optimizing
Q9. SQA activities include:
(A) Audits, reviews, process definition, testing oversight
(B) Hardware installation only
(C) UI layout only
(D) Database design only
Answer: (A) Audits, reviews, process definition, testing oversight
Q10. Peer reviews are part of:
(A) SQA process for early defect detection
(B) Hardware testing
(C) UI only
(D) Database testing
Answer: (A) SQA process for early defect detection
Q11. Walkthroughs in SQA are:
(A) Informal reviews to examine code or design
(B) Running the software only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Informal reviews to examine code or design
Q12. Inspections are:
(A) Formal reviews with defined roles to detect defects
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Formal reviews with defined roles to detect defects
Q13. Audits in SQA are conducted to:
(A) Check compliance with standards and processes
(B) Only review UI
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Check compliance with standards and processes
Q14. Software metrics are used to:
(A) Measure quality and process effectiveness
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Measure quality and process effectiveness
Q15. Defect density measures:
(A) Number of defects per size of software
(B) UI errors only
(C) Hardware errors only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Number of defects per size of software
Q16. Defect removal efficiency (DRE) measures:
(A) Effectiveness of defect detection process
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Effectiveness of defect detection process
Q17. SQA ensures adherence to:
(A) Coding standards, process guidelines, and quality plans
(B) Hardware setup only
(C) UI layout only
(D) Database design only
Answer: (A) Coding standards, process guidelines, and quality plans
Q18. SQA is applied throughout:
(A) Software development life cycle (SDLC)
(B) Only coding phase
(C) Hardware setup
(D) UI design only
Answer: (A) Software development life cycle (SDLC)
Q19. Software quality attributes include:
(A) Reliability, maintainability, portability, efficiency
(B) Hardware only
(C) UI layout only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Reliability, maintainability, portability, efficiency
Q20. Reliability in software means:
(A) Software performs consistently under specified conditions
(B) UI screens are colorful
(C) Database performance only
(D) Hardware setup
Answer: (A) Software performs consistently under specified conditions
Q21. Maintainability ensures:
(A) Software can be easily modified and updated
(B) UI screens only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Software can be easily modified and updated
Q22. Portability ensures:
(A) Software can run on different platforms
(B) UI only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Software can run on different platforms
Q23. Efficiency in software means:
(A) Optimal use of resources such as CPU and memory
(B) UI screens only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Optimal use of resources such as CPU and memory
Q24. SQA plan includes:
(A) Quality objectives, roles, responsibilities, procedures, standards
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware setup
Answer: (A) Quality objectives, roles, responsibilities, procedures, standards
Q25. SQA audits are performed by:
(A) Independent quality team
(B) Developers only
(C) UI designers only
(D) Database administrators only
Answer: (A) Independent quality team
Q26. Process improvement in SQA focuses on:
(A) Enhancing processes to prevent defects and improve quality
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Enhancing processes to prevent defects and improve quality
Q27. ISO/IEC 9126 standard focuses on:
(A) Software product quality characteristics
(B) Hardware specifications only
(C) Database design
(D) UI layout
Answer: (A) Software product quality characteristics
Q28. Six Sigma in software aims to:
(A) Reduce defects and improve process quality
(B) UI only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware setup
Answer: (A) Reduce defects and improve process quality
Q29. Total Quality Management (TQM) ensures:
(A) Continuous quality improvement across organization
(B) Only coding quality
(C) Hardware only
(D) UI only
Answer: (A) Continuous quality improvement across organization
Q30. Peer reviews detect defects:
(A) Early in development lifecycle
(B) Only during testing
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Early in development lifecycle
Q31. Code walkthroughs involve:
(A) Step-by-step review of code by team
(B) Running automated tests only
(C) Hardware only
(D) UI screens only
Answer: (A) Step-by-step review of code by team
Q32. Configuration management supports SQA by:
(A) Controlling changes to software and documentation
(B) UI layout only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Controlling changes to software and documentation
Q33. Software reviews include:
(A) Walkthroughs, inspections, audits, and technical reviews
(B) Only coding
(C) Hardware setup
(D) UI layout only
Answer: (A) Walkthroughs, inspections, audits, and technical reviews
Q34. Static analysis tools detect:
(A) Potential defects without executing code
(B) Only UI layout errors
(C) Database issues only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Potential defects without executing code
Q35. Metrics in SQA provide:
(A) Quantitative data to evaluate software quality and process
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Quantitative data to evaluate software quality and process
Q36. Defect prevention is achieved through:
(A) Process improvement and training
(B) Only testing
(C) UI only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Process improvement and training
Q37. Quality audits help to:
(A) Verify adherence to standards and procedures
(B) Hardware only
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Verify adherence to standards and procedures
Q38. Software configuration audits verify:
(A) Correctness and completeness of configuration items
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Correctness and completeness of configuration items
Q39. SQA team is responsible for:
(A) Monitoring quality throughout development
(B) Only coding
(C) Database only
(D) UI only
Answer: (A) Monitoring quality throughout development
Q40. Quality control (QC) focuses on:
(A) Detecting defects in the product
(B) Improving process only
(C) UI only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Detecting defects in the product
Q41. Process capability in SQA indicates:
(A) How well a process meets quality standards
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) How well a process meets quality standards
Q42. SQA documentation includes:
(A) Policies, procedures, standards, checklists, reports
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Policies, procedures, standards, checklists, reports
Q43. Defect tracking tools include:
(A) Bugzilla, JIRA, Mantis
(B) Database only
(C) UI only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Bugzilla, JIRA, Mantis
Q44. Continuous SQA involves:
(A) Monitoring quality throughout software lifecycle
(B) Testing only at the end
(C) Hardware only
(D) UI only
Answer: (A) Monitoring quality throughout software lifecycle
Q45. SQA standards ensure:
(A) Consistency and reliability of software
(B) Hardware only
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Consistency and reliability of software
Q46. Defect prevention vs defect detection:
(A) Prevention focuses on processes; detection finds defects in product
(B) Detection improves process
(C) UI only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Prevention focuses on processes; detection finds defects in product
Q47. ISO/IEC 25010 defines:
(A) Software product quality model
(B) Hardware standards
(C) UI layout only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Software product quality model
Q48. Reliability testing is part of:
(A) Non-functional testing
(B) Functional testing only
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Non-functional testing
Q49. Maintainability testing checks:
(A) Ease of software modification and correction
(B) UI screens only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Ease of software modification and correction
Q50. SQA is integral to:
(A) All phases of SDLC
(B) Coding phase only
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) All phases of SDLC
Q51. Process audits in SQA are conducted to:
(A) Ensure compliance with defined processes and procedures
(B) Test UI screens only
(C) Install hardware only
(D) Check database structure only
Answer: (A) Ensure compliance with defined processes and procedures
Q52. Technical reviews in SQA involve:
(A) Detailed examination of design, code, and documentation by experts
(B) Only UI layout checks
(C) Database queries only
(D) Hardware installation only
Answer: (A) Detailed examination of design, code, and documentation by experts
Q53. SQA standards include:
(A) ISO 9001, ISO/IEC 12207, CMMI
(B) Only UI design guidelines
(C) Hardware specifications only
(D) Database naming rules only
Answer: (A) ISO 9001, ISO/IEC 12207, CMMI
Q54. Software process improvement (SPI) aims to:
(A) Enhance quality, reduce defects, and improve efficiency
(B) Only UI design
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Enhance quality, reduce defects, and improve efficiency
Q55. Process measurement in SQA helps to:
(A) Evaluate process performance and effectiveness
(B) UI layout only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Evaluate process performance and effectiveness
Q56. Capability Maturity Model (CMM) Level 1 is:
(A) Initial – processes are unpredictable and reactive
(B) Managed – processes are planned and tracked
(C) Defined – processes are standardized
(D) Optimizing – continuous improvement
Answer: (A) Initial – processes are unpredictable and reactive
Q57. CMM Level 2 is:
(A) Managed – basic project management processes are established
(B) Initial – ad hoc processes
(C) Defined – standardized processes
(D) Optimizing – continuous improvement
Answer: (A) Managed – basic project management processes are established
Q58. CMM Level 3 is:
(A) Defined – processes are standardized across the organization
(B) Initial only
(C) Managed only
(D) Optimizing only
Answer: (A) Defined – processes are standardized across the organization
Q59. CMM Level 4 is:
(A) Quantitatively Managed – processes are measured and controlled
(B) Initial only
(C) Managed only
(D) Optimizing only
Answer: (A) Quantitatively Managed – processes are measured and controlled
Q60. CMM Level 5 is:
(A) Optimizing – continuous process improvement is emphasized
(B) Initial only
(C) Managed only
(D) Defined only
Answer: (A) Optimizing – continuous process improvement is emphasized
Q61. SQA audits can be:
(A) Internal or external
(B) UI only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Internal or external
Q62. Configuration management supports SQA by:
(A) Tracking and controlling changes to software and documentation
(B) Only coding
(C) UI design only
(D) Database design only
Answer: (A) Tracking and controlling changes to software and documentation
Q63. Defect prevention techniques include:
(A) Training, process improvement, code reviews
(B) UI redesign only
(C) Hardware setup only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Training, process improvement, code reviews
Q64. Metrics used in SQA include:
(A) Defect density, DRE, code coverage, test effectiveness
(B) UI colors only
(C) Hardware setup
(D) Database structure only
Answer: (A) Defect density, DRE, code coverage, test effectiveness
Q65. Defect removal efficiency (DRE) formula is:
(A) DRE = Defects removed / Total defects × 100
(B) UI errors / total screens
(C) Hardware failures only
(D) Database errors only
Answer: (A) DRE = Defects removed / Total defects × 100
Q66. Quality planning in SQA includes:
(A) Defining quality objectives, standards, and procedures
(B) Only coding guidelines
(C) Hardware setup only
(D) UI layout only
Answer: (A) Defining quality objectives, standards, and procedures
Q67. Verification activities include:
(A) Reviews, walkthroughs, inspections
(B) Only testing
(C) UI only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Reviews, walkthroughs, inspections
Q68. Validation activities include:
(A) Dynamic testing, system testing, acceptance testing
(B) Only code review
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Dynamic testing, system testing, acceptance testing
Q69. SQA roles include:
(A) Quality manager, QA analyst, process auditor, configuration manager
(B) Only developer
(C) UI designer only
(D) Database administrator only
Answer: (A) Quality manager, QA analyst, process auditor, configuration manager
Q70. Process improvement models include:
(A) CMMI, SPICE, Six Sigma
(B) UI only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) CMMI, SPICE, Six Sigma
Q71. SPICE in SQA stands for:
(A) Software Process Improvement and Capability dEtermination
(B) Only hardware testing standard
(C) UI design standard
(D) Database improvement model
Answer: (A) Software Process Improvement and Capability dEtermination
Q72. Total Quality Management (TQM) principles in SQA include:
(A) Customer focus, continuous improvement, process approach
(B) Only coding efficiency
(C) Hardware only
(D) UI only
Answer: (A) Customer focus, continuous improvement, process approach
Q73. ISO 9001 certification ensures:
(A) Organization follows quality management standards
(B) Hardware reliability
(C) UI color consistency
(D) Database normalization only
Answer: (A) Organization follows quality management standards
Q74. Software reliability can be measured by:
(A) Mean time to failure (MTTF) and defect density
(B) UI layout only
(C) Hardware uptime only
(D) Database queries only
Answer: (A) Mean time to failure (MTTF) and defect density
Q75. Maintainability is evaluated using:
(A) Modularity, documentation, complexity metrics
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Modularity, documentation, complexity metrics
Q76. Software process audits verify:
(A) Compliance with defined procedures and standards
(B) UI screens only
(C) Database structure only
(D) Hardware setup only
Answer: (A) Compliance with defined procedures and standards
Q77. Technical reviews aim to:
(A) Identify defects early in software development
(B) Only testing
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Identify defects early in software development
Q78. Walkthroughs are typically:
(A) Informal peer reviews of code or design
(B) Automated tests only
(C) UI only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Informal peer reviews of code or design
Q79. Inspections are:
(A) Formal reviews with checklists and defined roles
(B) Only code execution
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Formal reviews with checklists and defined roles
Q80. SQA documentation includes:
(A) Policies, procedures, standards, reports, checklists
(B) UI only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Policies, procedures, standards, reports, checklists
Q81. Corrective action in SQA involves:
(A) Identifying root causes of defects and implementing fixes
(B) UI design only
(C) Hardware setup only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Identifying root causes of defects and implementing fixes
Q82. Preventive action in SQA aims to:
(A) Prevent recurrence of defects
(B) Only testing
(C) UI only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Prevent recurrence of defects
Q83. Defect tracking tools in SQA include:
(A) JIRA, Bugzilla, Mantis
(B) Database only
(C) UI only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) JIRA, Bugzilla, Mantis
Q84. Continuous SQA ensures:
(A) Quality is monitored throughout software lifecycle
(B) Only final testing
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Quality is monitored throughout software lifecycle
Q85. Quality assurance metrics help in:
(A) Measuring process performance and product quality
(B) UI only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Measuring process performance and product quality
Q86. Defect prevention reduces:
(A) Cost of fixing defects later
(B) UI design errors only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database errors only
Answer: (A) Cost of fixing defects later
Q87. SQA ensures software is:
(A) Reliable, maintainable, and meets user expectations
(B) Only visually appealing
(C) Database optimized only
(D) Hardware efficient only
Answer: (A) Reliable, maintainable, and meets user expectations
Q88. Reviews in SQA are performed:
(A) At all stages of SDLC
(B) Only during coding
(C) Hardware only
(D) UI only
Answer: (A) At all stages of SDLC
Q89. Process capability assessment measures:
(A) How well processes achieve desired quality outcomes
(B) UI layout only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) How well processes achieve desired quality outcomes
Q90. SQA standards help in:
(A) Ensuring consistency and reliability of software products
(B) Hardware only
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Ensuring consistency and reliability of software products
Q91. ISO/IEC 12207 provides:
(A) Software lifecycle process framework
(B) Hardware installation rules
(C) UI layout standards
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Software lifecycle process framework
Q92. SPICE assesses:
(A) Capability and maturity of software processes
(B) Hardware only
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Capability and maturity of software processes
Q93. Six Sigma in SQA uses:
(A) DMAIC methodology to reduce defects
(B) UI colors only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database queries only
Answer: (A) DMAIC methodology to reduce defects
Q94. TQM emphasizes:
(A) Continuous improvement and customer satisfaction
(B) Hardware only
(C) UI only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Continuous improvement and customer satisfaction
Q95. Quality audits identify:
(A) Deviations from standards and corrective measures
(B) UI only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Deviations from standards and corrective measures
Q96. Corrective actions aim to:
(A) Fix defects and improve processes
(B) Only code fixes
(C) UI only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Fix defects and improve processes
Q97. Preventive actions aim to:
(A) Avoid future defects by improving processes
(B) UI design only
(C) Database only
(D) Hardware only
Answer: (A) Avoid future defects by improving processes
Q98. Configuration management ensures:
(A) Controlled and traceable changes to software and documentation
(B) UI only
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Controlled and traceable changes to software and documentation
Q99. Continuous improvement in SQA is achieved by:
(A) Feedback, metrics analysis, process refinement
(B) Only UI redesign
(C) Hardware only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Feedback, metrics analysis, process refinement
Q100. The ultimate goal of SQA is:
(A) Deliver high-quality, reliable, maintainable, and user-acceptable software
(B) Hardware setup only
(C) UI design only
(D) Database only
Answer: (A) Deliver high-quality, reliable, maintainable, and user-acceptable software