Q#1: Operating-system structures define:
(A) How OS components interact and are organized
(B) Only CPU scheduling
(C) Only file storage
(D) Only device drivers
Answer: (A) How OS components interact and are organized
Q#2: The kernel is:
(A) The core part of the OS managing resources
(B) Only memory storage
(C) Only user interface
(D) Only a text editor
Answer: (A) The core part of the OS managing resources
Q#3: System calls provide:
(A) Interface for programs to request OS services
(B) Only network access
(C) Only disk formatting
(D) Only process creation
Answer: (A) Interface for programs to request OS services
Q#4: Types of system calls include:
(A) Process control, file management, device management, information maintenance, communication
(B) Only process creation
(C) Only memory allocation
(D) Only scheduling
Answer: (A) Process control, file management, device management, information maintenance, communication
Q#5: API (Application Programming Interface) is:
(A) A set of routines for building software applications
(B) Only a compiler
(C) Only a debugger
(D) Only a shell
Answer: (A) A set of routines for building software applications
Q#6: User mode and kernel mode are:
(A) Two execution modes of the CPU
(B) Only memory locations
(C) Only file types
(D) Only process states
Answer: (A) Two execution modes of the CPU
Q#7: Monolithic OS structure:
(A) Integrates all OS services in a single large kernel
(B) Uses minimal kernel only
(C) Uses only threads
(D) Uses only user processes
Answer: (A) Integrates all OS services in a single large kernel
Q#8: Microkernel structure:
(A) Minimizes kernel functionality and runs additional services in user space
(B) Combines all services in one block
(C) Uses only device drivers
(D) Uses only threads
Answer: (A) Minimizes kernel functionality and runs additional services in user space
Q#9: Layered OS structure organizes:
(A) OS into layers with each providing services to the above layer
(B) Only flat architecture
(C) Only monolithic
(D) Only microkernel
Answer: (A) OS into layers with each providing services to the above layer
Q#10: Modular OS structure:
(A) Divides OS into separate modules that can be loaded independently
(B) Only uses one kernel
(C) Only user programs
(D) Only hardware
Answer: (A) Divides OS into separate modules that can be loaded independently
Q#11: System programs are:
(A) Utilities that provide a convenient environment for program development
(B) Only compilers
(C) Only schedulers
(D) Only device drivers
Answer: (A) Utilities that provide a convenient environment for program development
Q#12: The shell in an OS provides:
(A) User interface to interact with the kernel
(B) Only memory management
(C) Only device drivers
(D) Only process creation
Answer: (A) User interface to interact with the kernel
Q#13: Types of shells include:
(A) Command-line and graphical
(B) Only command-line
(C) Only graphical
(D) Only virtual
Answer: (A) Command-line and graphical
Q#14: System programs can be categorized as:
(A) File management, status information, file manipulation, programming language support, communication
(B) Only memory programs
(C) Only CPU programs
(D) Only kernel programs
Answer: (A) File management, status information, file manipulation, programming language support, communication
Q#15: OS structure determines:
(A) Efficiency, maintainability, and performance
(B) Only CPU speed
(C) Only file storage
(D) Only I/O operations
Answer: (A) Efficiency, maintainability, and performance
Q#16: System calls are usually invoked using:
(A) API functions
(B) Direct hardware access
(C) Only compilers
(D) Only editors
Answer: (A) API functions
Q#17: Process control system calls include:
(A) Create, terminate, wait, signal, fork, exec
(B) Only file operations
(C) Only memory allocation
(D) Only scheduling
Answer: (A) Create, terminate, wait, signal, fork, exec
Q#18: File management system calls include:
(A) Create, open, close, read, write, delete
(B) Only memory allocation
(C) Only process control
(D) Only interrupts
Answer: (A) Create, open, close, read, write, delete
Q#19: Device management system calls include:
(A) Request device, release device, read, write, get status
(B) Only file management
(C) Only process scheduling
(D) Only user programs
Answer: (A) Request device, release device, read, write, get status
Q#20: Information maintenance calls include:
(A) Get time/date, get system data, set process priority
(B) Only scheduling
(C) Only file allocation
(D) Only memory access
Answer: (A) Get time/date, get system data, set process priority
Q#21: Communication system calls include:
(A) Create/delete communication link, send/receive messages
(B) Only disk operations
(C) Only process creation
(D) Only scheduling
Answer: (A) Create/delete communication link, send/receive messages
Q#22: System-call implementation can be done using:
(A) Software interrupt instructions
(B) Only API calls
(C) Only shell commands
(D) Only device drivers
Answer: (A) Software interrupt instructions
Q#23: API vs System call:
(A) API is a library function; system call requests kernel service
(B) API is hardware; system call is software
(C) API is CPU; system call is memory
(D) API is file; system call is directory
Answer: (A) API is a library function; system call requests kernel service
Q#24: Interrupt vector is used for:
(A) Locating interrupt service routines
(B) Only memory addressing
(C) Only disk management
(D) Only scheduling
Answer: (A) Locating interrupt service routines
Q#25: System programs differ from system calls because:
(A) They provide user-level services without kernel intervention
(B) They directly control hardware
(C) They are part of CPU only
(D) They replace OS entirely
Answer: (A) They provide user-level services without kernel intervention
Q#26: Advantages of layered OS:
(A) Easy debugging, modularity, security
(B) Faster CPU only
(C) Only memory management
(D) Only file system
Answer: (A) Easy debugging, modularity, security
Q#27: Disadvantages of monolithic OS:
(A) Difficult maintenance, less modular
(B) Faster execution
(C) Better modularity
(D) Easier debugging
Answer: (A) Difficult maintenance, less modular
Q#28: Microkernel advantage is:
(A) Reliability and ease of extending functionality
(B) High performance always
(C) Only memory efficiency
(D) Only file handling
Answer: (A) Reliability and ease of extending functionality
Q#29: Layered OS may suffer from:
(A) Performance overhead due to multiple layers
(B) Single block failure only
(C) Only memory leaks
(D) Only disk fragmentation
Answer: (A) Performance overhead due to multiple layers
Q#30: Modular OS allows:
(A) Loading modules dynamically as needed
(B) Only single kernel
(C) Only user processes
(D) Only threads
Answer: (A) Loading modules dynamically as needed
Q#31: System-call interface is part of:
(A) Kernel
(B) Only shell
(C) Only user programs
(D) Only device drivers
Answer: (A) Kernel
Q#32: The shell interprets:
(A) User commands and executes programs
(B) Only memory addresses
(C) Only CPU instructions
(D) Only files
Answer: (A) User commands and executes programs
Q#33: Monolithic vs Microkernel:
(A) Monolithic is all-in-one; Microkernel is minimal kernel with services in user space
(B) Monolithic has no kernel
(C) Microkernel has all services in one block
(D) Both are identical
Answer: (A) Monolithic is all-in-one; Microkernel is minimal kernel with services in user space
Q#34: Kernel space vs user space:
(A) Kernel space has full hardware access; user space is restricted
(B) User space has full hardware access
(C) Both have same access
(D) Kernel space is only memory
Answer: (A) Kernel space has full hardware access; user space is restricted
Q#35: System utilities are considered:
(A) Part of OS but not kernel
(B) Same as kernel
(C) Only hardware
(D) Only user programs
Answer: (A) Part of OS but not kernel
Q#36: Command-line interface (CLI) allows:
(A) Direct textual interaction with OS
(B) Only graphical operations
(C) Only memory management
(D) Only file storage
Answer: (A) Direct textual interaction with OS
Q#37: Graphical user interface (GUI) provides:
(A) Icons and menus for user interaction
(B) Only command-line access
(C) Only kernel functions
(D) Only disk access
Answer: (A) Icons and menus for user interaction
Q#38: System-call parameter passing can be done via:
(A) Registers, memory, or stack
(B) Only files
(C) Only shell
(D) Only CPU
Answer: (A) Registers, memory, or stack
Q#39: Trap instruction is used to:
(A) Transfer control from user program to kernel
(B) Only halt CPU
(C) Only print file
(D) Only allocate memory
Answer: (A) Transfer control from user program to kernel
Q#40: Advantages of system-call interface:
(A) Safe, controlled access to OS services
(B) Only fast CPU
(C) Only memory management
(D) Only file operations
Answer: (A) Safe, controlled access to OS services
Q#41: Device drivers in modular OS:
(A) Can be loaded and unloaded independently
(B) Must be part of kernel always
(C) Only memory programs
(D) Only shell scripts
Answer: (A) Can be loaded and unloaded independently
Q#42: Dynamic linking allows:
(A) Linking library routines at runtime
(B) Only compile time linking
(C) Only kernel calls
(D) Only file access
Answer: (A) Linking library routines at runtime
Q#43: System programs provide:
(A) Utility functions for users without kernel intervention
(B) Only hardware access
(C) Only device management
(D) Only CPU scheduling
Answer: (A) Utility functions for users without kernel intervention
Q#44: OS design goals include:
(A) Efficiency, reliability, portability, security
(B) Only file system
(C) Only CPU
(D) Only memory
Answer: (A) Efficiency, reliability, portability, security
Q#45: Monolithic kernel code is typically:
(A) Large and interconnected
(B) Minimal
(C) Only user programs
(D) Only device drivers
Answer: (A) Large and interconnected
Q#46: Microkernel code is:
(A) Small, minimal functionality in kernel
(B) Large and all-inclusive
(C) Only I/O
(D) Only file system
Answer: (A) Small, minimal functionality in kernel
Q#47: Layered kernel provides:
(A) Modular and hierarchical organization
(B) Only monolithic behavior
(C) Only device drivers
(D) Only system calls
Answer: (A) Modular and hierarchical organization
Q#48: Advantages of layered structure include:
(A) Debugging, modularity, security
(B) Only faster execution
(C) Only memory efficiency
(D) Only disk usage
Answer: (A) Debugging, modularity, security
Q#49: Modular OS allows easier:
(A) Maintenance and updates
(B) CPU speed increase only
(C) Memory expansion only
(D) Disk storage only
Answer: (A) Maintenance and updates
Q#50: The overall purpose of OS structures is to:
(A) Organize OS for reliability, efficiency, and maintainability
(B) Only process management
(C) Only memory allocation
(D) Only device handling
Answer: (A) Organize OS for reliability, efficiency, and maintainability