Recombinant DNA Technology — MCQs Biology

50 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50

1. Recombinant DNA technology is primarily used to:
(A) Study chromosome number
(B) Combine DNA from two different sources
(C) Analyze protein folding
(D) Measure RNA expression

2. The first recombinant DNA molecule was created by:
(A) Cohen and Boyer
(B) Watson and Crick
(C) Beadle and Tatum
(D) Franklin and Wilkins

3. A vector in recombinant DNA technology is used to:
(A) Cut DNA
(B) Transcribe RNA
(C) Carry foreign DNA into host cells
(D) Sequence proteins

4. Common vectors include:
(A) RNA and tRNA
(B) Ribosomes and mitochondria
(C) Plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids
(D) Chromosomes only

5. Restriction enzymes are used to:
(A) Ligate DNA fragments
(B) Replicate DNA
(C) Cut DNA at specific sequences
(D) Transcribe RNA

6. Restriction enzymes are also known as:
(A) Exonucleases
(B) Endonucleases
(C) Ligases
(D) Polymerases

7. Sticky ends are generated by:
(A) Blunt-end restriction enzymes
(B) DNA ligase
(C) Restriction enzymes cutting DNA asymmetrically
(D) PCR

8. DNA ligase is used to:
(A) Cut DNA
(B) Join DNA fragments
(C) Transcribe RNA
(D) Replicate DNA

9. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is used to:
(A) Amplify DNA
(B) Sequence proteins
(C) Transcribe RNA
(D) Digest DNA

10. The enzyme used in PCR is:
(A) DNA polymerase I
(B) Ligase
(C) RNA polymerase
(D) Taq DNA polymerase

11. Plasmids used as vectors are usually:
(A) Large bacterial chromosomes
(B) Small circular DNA molecules
(C) Linear RNA fragments
(D) Protein complexes

12. Selectable markers in plasmids are used to:
(A) Identify cells that contain the plasmid
(B) Cut DNA
(C) Amplify DNA
(D) Sequence proteins

13. A common selectable marker is:
(A) Ribosome
(B) GFP
(C) Lac operon
(D) Ampicillin resistance gene

14. Expression vectors are designed to:
(A) Replicate DNA only
(B) Cut DNA
(C) Transcribe and translate inserted genes in host cells
(D) Sequence RNA

15. cDNA is synthesized from:
(A) DNA template
(B) RNA template
(C) Protein template
(D) Ribosome

16. The enzyme used to synthesize cDNA is:
(A) Reverse transcriptase
(B) RNA polymerase
(C) DNA polymerase
(D) Ligase

17. Gene cloning involves:
(A) Amplifying RNA
(B) Measuring enzyme activity
(C) Sequencing proteins
(D) Inserting foreign DNA into a host to produce multiple copies

18. A genomic library contains:
(A) All RNA sequences
(B) All DNA fragments of an organism
(C) All proteins
(D) All metabolites

19. A cDNA library contains:
(A) DNA fragments from whole genome
(B) DNA copies of expressed mRNAs
(C) Protein sequences
(D) RNA molecules only

20. Southern blotting is used to:
(A) Detect RNA sequences
(B) Detect DNA sequences
(C) Detect proteins
(D) Cut DNA

21. Northern blotting is used to:
(A) Sequence DNA
(B) Detect DNA sequences
(C) Detect proteins
(D) Detect RNA sequences

22. Western blotting is used to:
(A) Detect DNA
(B) Detect proteins
(C) Detect RNA
(D) Amplify DNA

23. Recombinant insulin is produced using:
(A) Yeast only
(B) Plant cells only
(C) E. coli expression system
(D) Mammalian cells only

24. Recombinant vaccines are produced using:
(A) Plasmid DNA
(B) Viral proteins
(C) All of the above
(D) Attenuated viruses

25. Restriction mapping helps in:
(A) Cutting proteins
(B) Determining location of restriction sites on DNA
(C) Sequencing RNA
(D) Amplifying DNA

26. Sticky ends facilitate:
(A) DNA replication
(B) RNA transcription
(C) DNA ligation
(D) Protein synthesis

27. Blunt-end cloning requires:
(A) Complementary overhangs
(B) Direct ligation by DNA ligase
(C) Reverse transcriptase
(D) Restriction mapping

28. A genomic vector like BAC stands for:
(A) Bacterial artificial chromosome
(B) Bacterial adenine complex
(C) Binding affinity complex
(D) Base alignment chromosome

29. YAC stands for:
(A) Yeast amplification complex
(B) Y-linked adenine codon
(C) Yeast artificial chromosome
(D) None of these

30. Gene therapy involves:
(A) Modifying DNA in patients to treat disease
(B) Sequencing DNA
(C) Cloning proteins
(D) Transcribing RNA

31. Restriction enzymes recognize:
(A) RNA sequences
(B) Random DNA sequences
(C) Protein sequences
(D) Palindromic DNA sequences

32. Cosmids are:
(A) Small circular RNAs
(B) Expression vectors only
(C) Protein-binding DNA
(D) Hybrid vectors combining plasmids and phage DNA

33. Recombinant DNA technology applications include:
(A) Medicine
(B) Agriculture
(C) Industrial biotechnology
(D) All of the above

34. A reporter gene like GFP is used to:
(A) Cut DNA
(B) Transcribe RNA
(C) Visualize gene expression
(D) Ligate DNA

35. Insertional inactivation is used for:
(A) Detecting successful cloning in plasmids
(B) DNA replication
(C) RNA transcription
(D) Protein folding

36. CRISPR-Cas9 system is used for:
(A) RNA splicing
(B) DNA ligation only
(C) Protein expression
(D) Gene editing

37. Palindromic sequences in DNA read:
(A) Randomly
(B) Same 5’→3’ on one strand and 3’→5’ on the other
(C) Only 5’→3’
(D) Only 3’→5’

38. Electroporation is used to:
(A) Cut DNA
(B) Introduce DNA into host cells using electric pulses
(C) Amplify DNA
(D) Detect proteins

39. Lipofection introduces DNA into cells using:
(A) Heat shock
(B) Restriction enzymes
(C) Electric pulses
(D) Lipid vesicles

40. Shuttle vectors can replicate in:
(A) One host only
(B) Only bacterial cells
(C) Two different hosts
(D) Only yeast cells

41. Gene cloning steps include:
(A) Protein synthesis only
(B) RNA transcription only
(C) Isolation of DNA, insertion into vector, transformation into host, selection
(D) DNA sequencing only

42. Antibiotic resistance genes in vectors serve as:
(A) Cutting agents
(B) Cloning sites
(C) DNA polymerases
(D) Selectable markers

43. Lambda phage vectors are used for:
(A) Small DNA fragments
(B) Protein cloning only
(C) Large DNA fragments
(D) Medium-sized DNA fragments

44. Recombinant DNA technology helped produce:
(A) Human insulin
(B) Human growth hormone
(C) All of the above
(D) Vaccines

45. Ti plasmid from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used in:
(A) Bacterial cloning
(B) Plant genetic engineering
(C) Protein expression
(D) Animal cloning

46. cDNA cloning avoids:
(A) RNA transcription
(B) Protein synthesis
(C) Introns present in genomic DNA
(D) Restriction mapping

47. A restriction map helps in:
(A) Predicting DNA fragment sizes
(B) Sequencing RNA
(C) Protein expression
(D) Amplifying DNA only

48. Recombinant DNA technology is an example of:
(A) Classical genetics
(B) Cytogenetics
(C) Molecular genetics
(D) Evolutionary biology

49. Recombinant DNA can be introduced into animals by:
(A) All of the above
(B) Electroporation
(C) Viral vectors
(D) Microinjection

50. Golden rice is produced using recombinant DNA to express:
(A) Vitamin D
(B) Protein only
(C) Iron
(D) Beta-carotene (Vitamin A precursor)