Q. 2. Write a précis of the following passage and also suggest a suitable title: (20)
Manto was a victim of some kind of social ambivalence that converged on self-righteousness, hypocrisy, and mental obtuseness. His detractors branded him as vulgar and obscene and implicated him into a long-dawn legal battle questioning the moral validity of his writings. Without being deterred by their negative tactics, he remained firm in his commitment to exploring the stark realities of life offensive to the conservative taste of some self-styled purists. In the line of Freud, he sought to unravel the mysteries of sex not in an abstract, non-earthly manner but in a palpable, fleshy permutation signifying his deep concern for the socially disabled and depressed classes of society, like petty wage-earners, pimps, and prostitutes. For Manto, man is neither an angel nor a devil, but a mix of both. His middle and lower middle class characters think, feel and act like human beings. Without feigning virtuosity, he was able to strike a rapport with his readers on some of the most vital socio- moral issues concerning them. As a realist, he was fully conscious of the yawning gap between appearance and reality; in fact, nothing vexed him more than a demonstrable duality in human behaviour at different levels of the social hierarchy. He had an unjaundiced view of man’s faults and follies. As a literary artist, he treated vulgarity discreetly — without ever sounding vulgar in the process. Like Joyce, Lawrence, and Caldwell, in Manto’s work too, men and women of the age find their own restlessness accurately mirrored. And like them, Manto was also ‘raised above his own self by his sombre enthusiasm.
solution:
Title: Manto – A Realist of Society
Précis:
Manto faced social criticism and legal battles for his candid depiction of life, often labeled vulgar and obscene. Undeterred, he explored human realities, particularly the struggles of socially marginalized groups such as petty wage-earners, pimps, and prostitutes. He viewed man as a mixture of virtue and vice and portrayed middle and lower-middle-class characters realistically, highlighting the gap between appearance and reality. As a literary artist, he handled vulgarity discreetly, connecting with readers on vital socio-moral issues. Like Joyce and Lawrence, Manto reflected the restlessness of his age and remained committed to truth and social realism.
Q. 3. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given at the end. (20)
Globalization is viewed by its proponents as a process of cementing economic, cultural and political bonds between peoples of different countries of the world. One may regard it as a process by which they are welded into a single world society, to be termed as global society. It means internationalization of production and labour leading to integration of economies of developing and developed countries into global economy. To quote Rosaberth M.Kanter, “The world is becoming a global shopping mall in which ideas and products are available everywhere at the same time.”
Globalization is a natural outcome of computer networking and electronic mass communication. Information technology has made it possible for nations of the world to contact one another beyond their national borders. Besides, globalization is also promoted through the growth and proliferation of multinational companies and corporations that operate as transporter networks. Anyhow the flow of capital technology and labour across the borders of countries has accentuated the process of globalization.
Deregulation, liberalism and privatization being assiduously pursued in the developing countries are some other manifestations of globalization. These countries are opening their economies to follow these trends. The size of the public sector is shrinking for the private sector to assume an increasingly important role in the economic development of the Third World countries. The downsizing of the public sector is in line with the spirit of market economy. This is suggested as a measure to cover up their fiscal deficit.Questions: (4 marks each)
- Define globalization.
- What is electronic mass communication?
- What does the term Third World denote?
- What is privatization?
- Explain ‘liberalism’ in the above context.
1. Define globalization
Globalization is the process of creating economic, cultural, and political bonds between people of different countries, integrating them into a single global society. It involves the internationalization of production and labor, leading to the integration of developing and developed countries into a global economy.
2. What is electronic mass communication?
Electronic mass communication refers to the use of electronic media, such as computers, the internet, television, and other digital networks, to transmit information widely across national and international borders. It enables instant contact and exchange of ideas globally.
3. What does the term Third World denote?
The term Third World denotes developing countries, often in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, which are opening their economies to globalization and undergoing economic reforms like deregulation, liberalization, and privatization.
4. What is privatization?
Privatization is the transfer of ownership and control of enterprises or services from the public sector (government) to the private sector. It allows private businesses to play a larger role in economic development.
5. Explain ‘liberalism’ in the above context
In this context, liberalism refers to adopting economic policies that promote free markets, reduce government control, and encourage private enterprise. Developing countries follow liberalism to integrate into the global economy and reduce fiscal deficits.
Q. 4. Correct only FIVE of the following: (10)
(i) I won him in the race.
(ii) He said that I am playing chess.
(iii) Unless you do not try, you will never succeed.
(iv) He wrote with ink.
(v) What country he belongs to?
(vi) When he reaches to manhood, he will visit to England.
(vii) The new session commences from February 1st, 2020.
(viii) Please send this letter on my address.
solution:
Wrong: I won him in the race.
Correct: I defeated him in the race.Wrong: He said that I am playing chess.
Correct: He said that I was playing chess.Wrong: Unless you do not try, you will never succeed.
Correct: Unless you try, you will never succeed.Wrong: What country he belongs to?
Correct: Which country does he belong to?
Wrong: When he reaches to manhood, he will visit to England.
Correct: When he reaches manhood, he will visit England.
Q. 5. (a) Punctuate the following text, where necessary. (5)
Letters between relatives and friends are called personal letters the most important thing in such letters is the content don’t begin with a hackneyed phrase like I was delighted to get your letter received your letter or I have often thought of writing to you use a vigorous clear chatty style
(b) Re-write the following sentences (ONLY FIVE) after filling in the blanks with appropriate Prepositions. (5)
(i) I was annoyed ——– him.
(ii) This train is bound ——- Gujrat.
(iii) The pistol went ——- by accident.
(iv) He kept ——- asking silly questions.
(v) He was knocked ——- by the bus.
(vi) Do not meddle ——- my affairs.
(vii) The meeting was put ——– by the Chairman.
(viii) He rounded ——– his speech with a quote from Ghalib.
solution:
(a) Punctuated Text
Letters between relatives and friends are called personal letters. The most important thing in such letters is the content. Don’t begin with a hackneyed phrase like “I was delighted to get your letter,” “Received your letter,” or “I have often thought of writing to you.” Use a vigorous, clear, and chatty style.
(b) Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions (only five selected)- I was annoyed with him.
- This train is bound for Gujrat.
- The pistol went off by accident.
- He kept on asking silly questions.
- He was knocked down by the bus.
- Other options for reference:
- Do not meddle in my affairs.
- The meeting was put off by the Chairman.
- He rounded off his speech with a quote from Ghalib.
Q.6. Use ONLY FIVE of the following in sentences which illustrate their meanings. (10)
(i) To break the ice(ii) Nip in the bud
(iii) See eye to eye with
(iv) For good
(v) Tamper with
(vi) The small hours
(vii) Keep up appearances
(viii) Prima facie
solution:
- To break the ice
At the start of the meeting, the manager told a funny story to break the ice. - Nip in the bud
The teacher tried to nip in the bud any signs of misbehavior in the classroom. - See eye to eye with
I do not always see eye to eye with my brother on political issues. - For good
After years of traveling, she decided to settle in her hometown for good. - Tamper with
It is illegal to tamper with the electricity meters in any building.
Q. 7. Translate the following into English by keeping in view figurative/idiomatic expressions. (10)
دنیا کی قوم تعلیم اپنی قوم کے مزاج سے ہم آہنگ ہو نا ہے جو قومی اور قومی اقتصادی تشکیل و تشکیل کر سکتا ہے۔ اور قوم مقصد کے لیے سرگرم عمل رہتی ہے۔ چاہتا ہے کہ قوم کا تعلیمی نظام وہی ہو جس کے تحت قوم کے افراد کی ذہنی صلاحیتوں کو پروان چڑھانے اور ان کی سربراہی و کردار کی تربیت ملتی ہے۔ نظام تعلیم افراد کی تربیت اس انداز سے کرتا ہے کہ افراد قوم کی تقدیر بدل دیتے ہیں۔
solution:
The education of a nation must be in harmony with the temperament of its people, so that it can shape the nation’s character and economic development. A nation remains active and purposeful, desiring an educational system that nurtures the mental abilities of its members and cultivates their leadership and character. Such a system trains individuals in a way that they become capable of changing the destiny of the nation.