1. : Which method is most commonly used to determine soil pH?
(A) Conductivity meter
(B) pH meter
(C) Turbidimeter
(D) Hygrometer
2. : Soil texture is determined by the relative proportion of:
(A) Sand, silt, clay
(B) Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
(C) Organic matter, minerals, water
(D) pH, moisture, temperature
3. : The process of measuring cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil helps to understand:
(A) Soil acidity
(B) Nutrient holding capacity
(C) Soil salinity
(D) Soil moisture
4. : Which element is estimated in soil using the Kjeldahl method?
(A) Nitrogen
(B) Phosphorus
(C) Potassium
(D) Calcium
5. : The flame photometer is used for estimating:
(A) Nitrogen and phosphorus
(B) Potassium and sodium
(C) Calcium and magnesium
(D) Sulfur and zinc
6. : Which method is widely used for determining available phosphorus in soil?
(A) Olsen method
(B) Kjeldahl method
(C) Walkley-Black method
(D) EDTA titration
7. : The Walkley-Black method is used to determine:
(A) Soil organic carbon
(B) Soil nitrogen
(C) Soil pH
(D) Soil salinity
8. : Which soil property is measured in EC meter?
(A) Electrical conductivity
(B) Soil nitrogen
(C) Soil phosphorus
(D) Soil organic matter
9. : High EC in soil indicates:
(A) Salinity problem
(B) High nitrogen
(C) High organic matter
(D) Low phosphorus
10. : Soil bulk density is expressed in:
(A) g/cm³
(B) mg/L
(C) ppm
(D) NTU
11. : Which nutrient deficiency causes chlorosis in young leaves?
(A) Iron
(B) Potassium
(C) Calcium
(D) Magnesium
12. : Plant tissue analysis is important for:
(A) Diagnosing nutrient deficiencies
(B) Measuring soil moisture
(C) Determining soil structure
(D) Measuring rainfall
13. : Soil color is most commonly determined using:
(A) Munsell color chart
(B) pH meter
(C) Turbidimeter
(D) Spectrophotometer
14. : Which element is determined by EDTA titration method in soil and plant analysis?
(A) Calcium and Magnesium
(B) Nitrogen
(C) Potassium
(D) Phosphorus
15. : The presence of excess sodium in soil causes:
(A) Sodicity problem
(B) Acidity problem
(C) Deficiency of iron
(D) Soil compaction
16. : The critical pH below which most crops fail to grow is:
(A) 5.5
(B) 6.5
(C) 7.5
(D) 8.5
17. : The element essential for chlorophyll formation is:
(A) Magnesium
(B) Calcium
(C) Potassium
(D) Phosphorus
18. : Which method is used for measuring soil moisture content?
(A) Gravimetric method
(B) Turbidimetry
(C) EDTA titration
(D) Kjeldahl method
19. : Which nutrient deficiency causes stunted growth and purple leaves in plants?
(A) Phosphorus
(B) Potassium
(C) Iron
(D) Calcium
20. : Plant analysis is usually done on:
(A) Leaves
(B) Roots
(C) Flowers
(D) Fruits
21. : A soil sample showing pH > 8.5 is usually:
(A) Sodic soil
(B) Acidic soil
(C) Saline soil
(D) Neutral soil
22. : The nutrient responsible for lodging resistance in cereals is:
(A) Potassium
(B) Nitrogen
(C) Sulfur
(D) Zinc
23. : Which technique is used for rapid estimation of multiple nutrients in plant tissue?
(A) Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)
(B) Kjeldahl method
(C) Flame photometry
(D) Colorimetry
24. : Which nutrient deficiency causes yellowing at leaf margins in older leaves?
(A) Potassium
(B) Magnesium
(C) Nitrogen
(D) Sulfur
25. : Soil porosity is related to:
(A) Pore spaces in soil
(B) Organic carbon
(C) Salinity
(D) Soil pH
26. : The macro-nutrient that is required in the highest quantity by plants is:
(A) Nitrogen
(B) Potassium
(C) Calcium
(D) Magnesium
27. : Which deficiency causes whitish young leaves (chlorosis) in plants?
(A) Iron
(B) Nitrogen
(C) Potassium
(D) Sulfur
28. : Soil fertility refers to:
(A) The ability of soil to supply essential nutrients
(B) Soil water content
(C) Soil acidity
(D) Soil porosity
29. : The nutrient deficiency that leads to delayed flowering is:
(A) Phosphorus
(B) Potassium
(C) Calcium
(D) Sulfur
30. : Plant nutrients are classified into:
(A) Macro and micro nutrients
(B) Acidic and alkaline nutrients
(C) Organic and inorganic nutrients
(D) Mobile and immobile nutrients
31. : Soil respiration is a measure of:
(A) Microbial activity in soil
(B) Soil temperature
(C) Soil porosity
(D) Soil texture
32. : Which nutrient deficiency causes brown scorching on leaf tips?
(A) Potassium
(B) Magnesium
(C) Calcium
(D) Nitrogen
33. : The method used to determine soil organic matter is:
(A) Walkley-Black method
(B) Olsen method
(C) Kjeldahl method
(D) Flame photometry
34. : Which plant part is best for detecting micronutrient deficiencies?
(A) Young leaves
(B) Old leaves
(C) Stems
(D) Roots
35. : Deficiency of which element causes poor seed and fruit development?
(A) Boron
(B) Nitrogen
(C) Phosphorus
(D) Magnesium
36. : The soil nutrient zinc is usually measured by:
(A) Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
(B) Flame photometry
(C) Colorimetry
(D) Gravimetric method
37. : Which nutrient deficiency leads to stunted growth and yellowing of old leaves?
(A) Nitrogen
(B) Magnesium
(C) Calcium
(D) Sulfur
38. : High soil bulk density generally indicates:
(A) Soil compaction
(B) Good aeration
(C) High porosity
(D) Low soil strength
39. : Plant tissue analysis helps in:
(A) Fertilizer recommendations
(B) Weather forecasting
(C) Rainfall prediction
(D) Soil erosion studies
40. : The nutrient deficiency responsible for crinkled leaves in plants is:
(A) Calcium
(B) Magnesium
(C) Zinc
(D) Sulfur
41. : Soil salinity is commonly measured in units of:
(A) dS/m (DeciSiemens per meter)
(B) ppm
(C) mg/L
(D) Lux
42. : The plant nutrient that is highly mobile in soil is:
(A) Nitrate nitrogen
(B) Phosphorus
(C) Potassium
(D) Calcium
43. : The primary macronutrients are:
(A) Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
(B) Calcium, magnesium, sulfur
(C) Zinc, copper, boron
(D) Manganese, iron, molybdenum
44. : The secondary macronutrients are:
(A) Calcium, magnesium, sulfur
(B) Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
(C) Zinc, copper, iron
(D) Boron, molybdenum, manganese
45. : The most limiting nutrient in many agricultural soils is:
(A) Nitrogen
(B) Potassium
(C) Sulfur
(D) Iron
46. : The nutrient responsible for enhancing disease resistance in plants is:
(A) Potassium
(B) Nitrogen
(C) Zinc
(D) Magnesium
47. : Soil pH influences:
(A) Nutrient availability
(B) Soil porosity
(C) Soil bulk density
(D) Rainfall
48. : Deficiency of which element causes blossom end rot in tomato?
(A) Calcium
(B) Magnesium
(C) Potassium
(D) Boron
49. : The nutrient deficiency leading to interveinal chlorosis in older leaves is:
(A) Magnesium
(B) Iron
(C) Boron
(D) Zinc
50. : Soil and plant analysis together are useful for:
(A) Precision nutrient management
(B) Rainfall prediction
(C) Wind speed measurement
(D) Soil erosion control