1. : Which of the following is considered a major form of scientific misconduct?
(A) Peer review
(B) Data fabrication and falsification
(C) Publishing in journals
(D) Replication of studies
2. : Plagiarism in research refers to:
(A) Using another’s work or ideas without proper acknowledgment
(B) Publishing multiple papers
(C) Sharing data with colleagues
(D) Collecting data from experiments
3. : The ethical principle of informed consent in research ensures that:
(A) Participants are paid for their involvement
(B) Participants are fully aware of risks and voluntarily agree to take part
(C) Researchers can experiment without restrictions
(D) Only experts can join the study
4. : Which body is responsible for reviewing ethical aspects of research involving human subjects?
(A) Central Bank
(B) Institutional Review Board (IRB)
(C) World Trade Organization
(D) National Sports Committee
5. : Falsifying results in scientific research violates which ethical principle?
(A) Honesty and integrity
(B) Efficiency
(C) Autonomy
(D) Justice only
6. : Which of the following is an example of “salami slicing” in research ethics?
(A) Splitting one study into several smaller publications to increase output
(B) Using statistical tools for accuracy
(C) Conducting interdisciplinary studies
(D) Repeating experiments for validation
7. : Which historical case highlighted serious violations of research ethics due to lack of informed consent?
(A) Apollo Missions
(B) Tuskegee Syphilis Study
(C) Human Genome Project
(D) Manhattan Project
8. : The principle of beneficence in research ethics requires researchers to:
(A) Maximize benefits and minimize harm to participants
(B) Avoid publishing findings
(C) Focus only on profits
(D) Ignore participant safety
9. : What does “conflict of interest” in research ethics mean?
(A) When researchers disagree on results
(B) When personal or financial interests influence research outcomes
(C) When experiments cannot be repeated
(D) When theories oppose each other
10. : A key ethical lesson from cases of scientific misconduct is:
(A) Transparency, accountability, and honesty are essential for credible research
(B) Shortcuts in research improve innovation
(C) Ethical review slows down scientific progress
(D) Misconduct is unavoidable in competitive science