1. : Remote sensing refers to:
(A) Collecting data directly from the ground
(B) Acquiring information about an object without physical contact
(C) Measuring soil manually
(D) Using only telescopes
2. : Which is the main source of energy for remote sensing of the Earth?
(A) Sun
(B) Moon
(C) Stars
(D) Wind
3. : The electromagnetic spectrum used in remote sensing ranges from:
(A) Gamma rays to radio waves
(B) Visible light only
(C) UV only
(D) Infrared only
4. : The visible spectrum of light ranges approximately from:
(A) 0.1–0.4 μm
(B) 0.4–0.7 μm
(C) 1–10 μm
(D) 10–100 μm
5. : The Landsat series of satellites are mainly used for:
(A) Meteorology
(B) Earth resource monitoring
(C) Space exploration
(D) Communication
6. : In remote sensing, “spectral resolution” refers to:
(A) Size of ground pixel
(B) Number and width of spectral bands
(C) Revisit time
(D) Spatial extent of the satellite
7. : Spatial resolution in remote sensing refers to:
(A) The size of the smallest object that can be detected
(B) The frequency of satellite revisits
(C) The number of spectral bands
(D) The altitude of the satellite
8. : Which satellite sensor provides the highest spatial resolution?
(A) MODIS
(B) AVHRR
(C) IKONOS
(D) Landsat MSS
9. : Aerial photographs are taken using:
(A) Satellites only
(B) Airborne sensors mounted on aircrafts
(C) Submarines
(D) Space shuttles
10. : Passive remote sensing systems depend on:
(A) Their own source of energy
(B) Natural energy sources like sunlight
(C) Radar beams only
(D) Microwave transmitters
11. : Active remote sensing systems include:
(A) Thermal scanners
(B) LIDAR and RADAR
(C) Optical cameras
(D) Panchromatic scanners
12. : The term “temporal resolution” means:
(A) Number of satellites in orbit
(B) Frequency at which a satellite revisits the same location
(C) Size of image pixels
(D) Number of spectral bands
13. : Which sensor is widely used for vegetation studies?
(A) SAR
(B) AVHRR
(C) MODIS
(D) NDVI-based sensors
14. : NDVI is calculated using which spectral bands?
(A) Red and Near Infrared (NIR)
(B) Blue and Green
(C) UV and Visible
(D) Thermal and Microwave
15. : The full form of GIS is:
(A) Geographical Imaging System
(B) Geographic Information System
(C) Global Information Sensor
(D) General Image Survey
16. : The first Earth observation satellite launched by NASA was:
(A) Landsat-1
(B) SPOT-1
(C) IRS-1A
(D) MODIS
17. : Which remote sensing technique is useful for studying rainfall and soil moisture?
(A) Microwave remote sensing
(B) Thermal infrared
(C) Panchromatic imagery
(D) Visible band sensing
18. : The spectral signature of an object refers to:
(A) Its unique reflectance or emission pattern across wavelengths
(B) Its temperature
(C) Its altitude
(D) Its shape on a map
19. : Panchromatic images are captured in:
(A) Multiple spectral bands
(B) A single broad spectral band (black and white)
(C) Infrared only
(D) Thermal only
20. : LIDAR technology uses:
(A) Sound waves
(B) Light (laser) pulses
(C) Radio waves
(D) X-rays
21. : Which orbit is commonly used by remote sensing satellites?
(A) Geostationary orbit
(B) Polar sun-synchronous orbit
(C) Elliptical orbit
(D) Lunar orbit
22. : Thermal remote sensing measures:
(A) Surface reflectance
(B) Surface temperature and emitted radiation
(C) Vegetation cover only
(D) Ocean salinity
23. : Which satellite program is operated by the European Space Agency (ESA)?
(A) Landsat
(B) SPOT
(C) IRS
(D) NOAA
24. : Hyperspectral sensors provide:
(A) Data in a single band
(B) Data in hundreds of narrow contiguous spectral bands
(C) Data only in the visible region
(D) Coarse spatial resolution
25. : Which of the following is NOT an application of remote sensing?
(A) Weather forecasting
(B) Agriculture monitoring
(C) Mineral exploration
(D) Manual soil sampling only
26. : The main advantage of radar remote sensing is:
(A) Requires sunlight
(B) Can penetrate clouds and work day or night
(C) Works only in deserts
(D) Measures only vegetation
27. : MODIS sensor is onboard which satellite?
(A) Landsat-8
(B) Terra and Aqua
(C) IRS-P6
(D) SPOT-5
28. : Which resolution is most important for detecting small houses in urban mapping?
(A) Spectral
(B) Spatial
(C) Temporal
(D) Radiometric
29. : Radiometric resolution refers to:
(A) Number of spectral bands
(B) Sensitivity of a sensor to detect differences in energy levels
(C) Revisit frequency
(D) Pixel size
30. : Which satellite is India’s first remote sensing satellite?
(A) INSAT-1A
(B) IRS-1A
(C) Cartosat-1
(D) Bhaskara-I
31. : The GSD (Ground Sampling Distance) is related to:
(A) Radiometric resolution
(B) Spatial resolution
(C) Spectral resolution
(D) Temporal resolution
32. : What is the main limitation of passive optical remote sensing?
(A) Limited to daylight and cloud-free conditions
(B) Expensive
(C) Cannot cover oceans
(D) No data storage
33. : Microwave remote sensing is especially useful for:
(A) Urban population studies
(B) Soil moisture and ice studies
(C) Vegetation color analysis
(D) Air pollution monitoring
34. : Which wavelength region is best for vegetation monitoring?
(A) Microwave
(B) Near Infrared (NIR)
(C) Thermal infrared
(D) UV
35. : GPS is mainly used for:
(A) Weather prediction
(B) Navigation and location determination
(C) Remote sensing of oceans
(D) Satellite launching
36. : Which type of sensor records reflected sunlight?
(A) Passive optical sensor
(B) Radar sensor
(C) Thermal infrared sensor
(D) Microwave sensor
37. : The main principle behind remote sensing is:
(A) Reflection and emission of electromagnetic radiation
(B) Only absorption of light
(C) Sound wave transmission
(D) Subsurface drilling
38. : Which of the following is NOT a part of remote sensing system?
(A) Energy source
(B) Transmission path
(C) Sensor
(D) Soil sampling spade
39. : Which band of electromagnetic spectrum is most absorbed by water?
(A) Blue
(B) Red
(C) Infrared
(D) Microwave
40. : Which international satellite program provides free global data for land cover monitoring?
(A) SPOT
(B) Landsat
(C) IRS
(D) RADARSAT
41. : “False color composite” in remote sensing means:
(A) Black and white imagery
(B) Assigning non-natural colors to spectral bands
(C) Thermal imagery only
(D) Microwave images only
42. : Which of the following is a microwave remote sensing satellite?
(A) NOAA
(B) RADARSAT
(C) SPOT
(D) IRS-1A
43. : Remote sensing data is often combined with:
(A) GPS and GIS
(B) Soil samples
(C) Air samples
(D) Manual maps only
44. : Which US agency operates Landsat satellites?
(A) NASA and USGS
(B) ESA
(C) ISRO
(D) NOAA
45. : Which property of vegetation is used in NDVI analysis?
(A) High reflectance in near-infrared and absorption in red band
(B) Low reflectance in blue
(C) High absorption in microwave
(D) Emission in thermal bands
46. : Which band is most useful for detecting forest fires?
(A) Visible
(B) Near infrared
(C) Thermal infrared
(D) Microwave
47. : Which type of satellite orbit allows continuous observation of the same area?
(A) Sun-synchronous
(B) Geostationary
(C) Polar orbit
(D) Elliptical orbit
48. : The first Indian remote sensing satellite dedicated to resources monitoring was:
(A) IRS-1A
(B) IRS-P6
(C) Cartosat-1
(D) Oceansat-1
49. : Which sensor is best for global climate and vegetation studies?
(A) MODIS
(B) AVHRR
(C) SPOT-HRV
(D) IKONOS
50. : The ultimate aim of remote sensing in environmental studies is to:
(A) Increase pollution
(B) Monitor, analyze, and manage Earth’s natural resources
(C) Eliminate satellite data
(D) Replace field studies entirely