1. Which group of plants is called amphibians of the plant kingdom?
(A) Algae
(B) Gymnosperms
(C) Pteridophytes
(D) Bryophytes
2. The plant body of algae is known as:
(A) Protonema
(B) Cormus
(C) Thallus
(D) Rhizome
3. Which pigment is common to all algae?
(A) Chlorophyll b
(B) Chlorophyll a
(C) Carotene
(D) Xanthophyll
4. Bryophytes lack:
(A) Leaves
(B) Stem
(C) Rhizoids
(D) Roots
5. Rhizoids in bryophytes are meant for:
(A) Photosynthesis
(B) Anchorage
(C) Reproduction
(D) Conduction
6. Dominant generation in bryophytes is:
(A) Sporophyte
(B) Gametophyte
(C) Zygote
(D) Embryo
7. Which of the following is a green alga?
(A) Fucus
(B) Laminaria
(C) Spirogyra
(D) Polysiphonia
8. Brown color of brown algae is due to:
(A) Chlorophyll
(B) Carotene
(C) Xanthophyll
(D) Fucoxanthin
9. Red algae contain which pigment?
(A) Phycocyanin
(B) Phycoerythrin
(C) Chlorophyll b
(D) Fucoxanthin
10. Which structure bears sex organs in bryophytes?
(A) Capsule
(B) Gametophyte
(C) Sporangium
(D) Sporophyte
11. Which bryophyte is commonly known as liverwort?
(A) Marchantia
(B) Sphagnum
(C) Funaria
(D) Polytrichum
12. In bryophytes, sporophyte is dependent on:
(A) Soil
(B) Water
(C) Gametophyte
(D) Rhizoids
13. Pteridophytes possess which tissue absent in bryophytes?
(A) Meristem
(B) Cortex
(C) Vascular tissue
(D) Epidermis
14. Which is an example of pteridophyte?
(A) Moss
(B) Fern
(C) Alga
(D) Fungus
15. Dominant generation in pteridophytes is:
(A) Gametophyte
(B) Sporophyte
(C) Zygote
(D) Protonema
16. The leaves of ferns are called:
(A) Scales
(B) Fronds
(C) Phyllodes
(D) Needles
17. Sporangia in ferns are arranged in clusters called:
(A) Capsules
(B) Sori
(C) Cones
(D) Spikes
18. Which structure develops from spore in ferns?
(A) Sporophyte
(B) Prothallus
(C) Protonema
(D) Rhizoid
19. Prothallus is the:
(A) Sporophyte of fern
(B) Stem of fern
(C) Root of fern
(D) Gametophyte of fern
20. Which plant group shows true roots, stems, and leaves for the first time?
(A) Pteridophytes
(B) Bryophytes
(C) Algae
(D) Thallophytes
21. Algae reproduce asexually mainly by:
(A) Seeds
(B) Fragmentation
(C) Spores
(D) Budding
22. Which algae are mostly marine?
(A) Green algae
(B) Blue-green algae
(C) Brown algae
(D) Golden algae
23. Water is essential for fertilization in:
(A) Algae only
(B) Bryophytes and pteridophytes
(C) Pteridophytes only
(D) Bryophytes only
24. Which bryophyte is called peat moss?
(A) Funaria
(B) Sphagnum
(C) Marchantia
(D) Riccia
25. Which algae is unicellular?
(A) Chlamydomonas
(B) Spirogyra
(C) Ulva
(D) Laminaria
26. In algae, reserve food material is commonly:
(A) Starch
(B) Glycogen
(C) Cellulose
(D) Protein
27. Which of the following is a red alga?
(A) Spirogyra
(B) Ulva
(C) Polysiphonia
(D) Chara
28. Bryophytes are mostly found in:
(A) Dry habitats
(B) Aquatic habitats
(C) Moist shady places
(D) Deserts
29. Which generation produces spores?
(A) Sporophyte
(B) Gametophyte
(C) Prothallus
(D) Zygote
30. Capsule is part of:
(A) Algae
(B) Bryophyte sporophyte
(C) Fern gametophyte
(D) Root
31. Which tissue conducts water in pteridophytes?
(A) Phloem
(B) Cortex
(C) Xylem
(D) Epidermis
32. Which algae have silica in their cell walls?
(A) Diatoms
(B) Brown algae
(C) Red algae
(D) Green algae
33. Which plant group shows alternation of generations clearly?
(A) Pteridophytes
(B) Bryophytes
(C) Algae
(D) Fungi
34. Antheridia produce:
(A) Eggs
(B) Male gametes
(C) Spores
(D) Female gametes
35. Archegonia produce:
(A) Male gametes
(B) Spores
(C) Eggs
(D) Zygotes
36. Which of the following lacks vascular tissue?
(A) Fern
(B) Club moss
(C) Horsetail
(D) Moss
37. Which structure protects the sporangium in ferns?
(A) Capsule
(B) Sorus
(C) Indusium
(D) Operculum
38. Which plant group bridges algae and gymnosperms?
(A) Pteridophytes
(B) Angiosperms
(C) Bryophytes
(D) Thallophytes
39. Sex organs in bryophytes are multicellular and:
(A) Unprotected
(B) Reduced
(C) Naked
(D) Jacketed
40. Which alga is commonly called sea lettuce?
(A) Laminaria
(B) Fucus
(C) Ulva
(D) Spirogyra
41. Which group does not have true roots?
(A) Algae
(B) Both A and B
(C) Pteridophytes
(D) Bryophytes
42. Ferns reproduce by:
(A) Seeds
(B) Vegetative propagation only
(C) Budding
(D) Spores
43. Which structure absorbs water in bryophytes?
(A) Roots
(B) Leaves
(C) Rhizoids
(D) Stem
44. Which generation is independent in pteridophytes?
(A) Gametophyte
(B) Embryo
(C) Zygote
(D) Sporophyte
45. Which of the following is a club moss?
(A) Marchantia
(B) Lycopodium
(C) Funaria
(D) Ulva
46. Which plant group first evolved vascular tissue?
(A) Algae
(B) Pteridophytes
(C) Bryophytes
(D) Angiosperms
47. Which bryophyte has leafy gametophyte?
(A) Marchantia
(B) Riccia
(C) Alga
(D) Funaria
48. Sporophyte of bryophyte consists of:
(A) Root and stem
(B) Capsule only
(C) Frond and rhizome
(D) Foot, seta, and capsule
49. Which algae are considered plant-like protists?
(A) All algae
(B) Brown algae
(C) Red algae
(D) Green algae
50. Which plant group requires water for sexual reproduction?
(A) Angiosperms
(B) Both Bryophytes and Pteridophytes
(C) Bryophytes
(D) Gymnosperms