1. . A software process model is:
(A) A standard way to organize, plan, and control software development
(B) A method to manage hardware resources
(C) Only for testing software
(D) Only for managing files
2. . The Waterfall model is characterized by:
(A) Iterative development
(B) No formal structure
(C) Parallel development only
(D) Sequential execution of phases
3. . In the Waterfall model, which phase comes after requirements analysis?
(A) Coding
(B) Testing
(C) Design
(D) Maintenance
4. . Spiral model is particularly useful when:
(A) Requirements are well-known and fixed
(B) Coding is simple
(C) Testing is not required
(D) Risk management is important and requirements may change
5. . Incremental model focuses on:
(A) Ignoring testing
(B) Completing all phases sequentially
(C) Developing the software in small, usable portions or increments
(D) Only hardware design
6. . Rapid Application Development (RAD) emphasizes:
(A) Sequential development
(B) Quick prototyping and iterative delivery
(C) No customer involvement
(D) Ignoring design
7. . Agile model focuses on:
(A) Strict sequential phases
(B) Customer collaboration, flexibility, and iterative development
(C) Only coding
(D) Memory management
8. . Prototyping model is used to:
(A) Finalize the system without user feedback
(B) Build an initial version of the system to gather user feedback
(C) Allocate memory only
(D) Manage CPU
9. . The main advantage of iterative model is:
(A) Requires no testing
(B) Allows gradual refinement of software through repeated cycles
(C) Requires no design
(D) Ignores requirements
10. . V-Model is also known as:
(A) Agile model
(B) Waterfall model
(C) Spiral model
(D) Verification and Validation model
11. . In V-Model, each development phase has:
(A) No testing
(B) A corresponding testing phase
(C) Random implementation
(D) No design
12. . Big Bang model is:
(A) Simple approach with little planning, often used for small projects
(B) Highly structured and sequential
(C) Risk-driven model
(D) Incremental model
13. . The main disadvantage of Waterfall model is:
(A) High flexibility
(B) Poor adaptability to changing requirements
(C) Easy maintenance
(D) Incremental delivery
14. . Spiral model uses which key activity in each cycle?
(A) Memory allocation
(B) Ignoring requirements
(C) Only coding
(D) Risk analysis
15. . Agile process is best suited for projects with:
(A) Fixed requirements and no customer involvement
(B) Large sequential projects
(C) Only hardware design
(D) Changing requirements and need for rapid delivery
16. . In RAD, the main focus is on:
(A) Sequential development
(B) Developing software rapidly using prototypes and reusable components
(C) Risk analysis only
(D) Memory management
17. . Incremental delivery helps in:
(A) Avoiding testing
(B) Providing early working software to users
(C) Ignoring requirements
(D) Only CPU scheduling
18. . Prototyping helps in:
(A) Ignoring user feedback
(B) Refining requirements and improving user involvement
(C) Random implementation
(D) Hardware design
19. . Which model is highly risk-driven?
(A) Spiral model
(B) Waterfall model
(C) Incremental model
(D) Big Bang model
20. . The main purpose of software process models is to:
(A) Schedule CPU
(B) Manage memory
(C) Provide a structured approach to develop high-quality software efficiently
(D) Delete unused files