1. . Operating System structure refers to:
(A) Hardware design
(B) Application software
(C) Organization of OS components
(D) Network configuration
2. . Which OS structure contains all services in a single large kernel?
(A) Microkernel structure
(B) Monolithic structure
(C) Layered structure
(D) Modular structure
3. . In a layered operating system, each layer:
(A) Uses services of the lower layer
(B) Works independently without interaction
(C) Communicates only with hardware
(D) Does not interact with other layers
4. . The lowest layer in the layered OS structure is:
(A) Application
(B) Kernel
(C) Hardware
(D) User interface
5. . The highest layer in the layered OS structure is:
(A) Hardware
(B) Device drivers
(C) User applications
(D) Kernel
6. . The central part of the operating system is called:
(A) Shell
(B) Assembler
(C) Loader
(D) Kernel
7. . Which OS structure separates basic OS functions into small services?
(A) Microkernel structure
(B) Monolithic structure
(C) Batch structure
(D) Single-user structure
8. . The main advantage of the microkernel structure is:
(A) Faster execution
(B) Better security and reliability
(C) Less programming
(D) Less memory
9. . Which OS structure is easier to implement but harder to maintain?
(A) Microkernel structure
(B) Monolithic structure
(C) Layered structure
(D) Virtual machine structure
10. . In a microkernel architecture, services like file systems and drivers run in:
(A) Kernel space
(B) User space
(C) Hardware layer
(D) BIOS
11. . Which OS structure improves maintainability and debugging?
(A) Monolithic structure
(B) Layered structure
(C) Batch structure
(D) CLI structure
12. . A disadvantage of layered OS structure is:
(A) Slower performance due to multiple layers
(B) Hard to understand
(C) No hardware support
(D) Difficult to implement
13. . The software that manages virtual machines is called:
(A) Hypervisor
(B) Compiler
(C) Loader
(D) Assembler
14. . A virtual machine allows:
(A) Only one OS to run
(B) Only storage devices
(C) Only gaming software
(D) Multiple operating systems on the same hardware
15. . Which OS structure allows adding or removing components easily?
(A) Single-layer structure
(B) Monolithic structure
(C) Batch structure
(D) Modular structure
16. . Which operating system structure is commonly used in modern systems?
(A) Pure monolithic structure
(B) Hybrid structure
(C) Single-layer structure
(D) Batch structure
17. . Device drivers in an OS are used to:
(A) Run applications
(B) Control hardware devices
(C) Manage files
(D) Create software
18. . The shell of an operating system acts as:
(A) Hardware controller
(B) Interface between user and kernel
(C) CPU manager
(D) Memory controller
19. . Which structure improves flexibility by separating services?
(A) Monolithic structure
(B) Microkernel structure
(C) Batch structure
(D) Single-user structure
20. . The purpose of OS structure design is to:
(A) Make hardware faster
(B) Increase monitor size
(C) Organize OS components efficiently
(D) Reduce software programs