1. . A file is defined as:
(A) A program in execution
(B) A collection of related data stored on secondary storage
(C) A CPU instruction
(D) A memory block
2. . The main purpose of a file system is to:
(A) Organize and store files on storage devices
(B) Manage CPU scheduling
(C) Manage RAM
(D) Control input/output devices
3. . Which of the following is NOT a type of file?
(A) Text file
(B) Binary file
(C) CPU file
(D) Executable file
4. . File attributes include:
(A) Name
(B) Type
(C) Size and permissions
(D) All of the above
5. . File operations include:
(A) Schedule, terminate
(B) Compile, execute
(C) Swap, page
(D) Create, read, write, delete, open, close
6. . Which of the following is a file access method?
(A) Sequential access
(B) Direct (random) access
(C) Indexed access
(D) All of the above
7. . Sequential access means:
(A) Accessing records in a specific order
(B) Accessing records randomly
(C) Accessing CPU only
(D) Accessing memory only
8. . Direct or random access means:
(A) Accessing data sequentially
(B) Only reading CPU instructions
(C) Accessing any record directly without reading previous records
(D) Using memory registers
9. . A file system that organizes files in a hierarchy is called:
(A) Single-level directory
(B) Two-level directory
(C) Tree-structured directory
(D) Flat directory
10. . In a single-level directory:
(A) Each user has their own directory
(B) All files are in the same directory
(C) Directories form a tree
(D) Files are stored on CPU
11. . In a two-level directory:
(A) Each user has their own directory
(B) All files are in one directory
(C) Directories are in a tree structure
(D) Files are stored in memory only
12. . A file control block (FCB) contains:
(A) File name
(B) File type
(C) File location and size
(D) All of the above
13. . Contiguous allocation stores files:
(A) In scattered blocks
(B) On CPU registers
(C) In consecutive blocks of memory
(D) On virtual memory
14. . Linked allocation stores files:
(A) In consecutive blocks
(B) Using pointers to link blocks
(C) Only in CPU
(D) Only in RAM
15. . Indexed allocation uses:
(A) Random RAM access only
(B) Direct CPU access
(C) Sequential memory access
(D) A table to keep track of all blocks of a file
16. . Which file system type is used in modern Windows systems?
(A) EXT2 and EXT3
(B) FAT32 and NTFS
(C) HFS+
(D) None of the abov
17. . In UNIX/Linux, a file system is usually:
(A) EXT4
(B) FAT32
(C) NTFS
(D) HFS+
18. . The main advantage of indexed allocation is:
(A) Easy random access
(B) Easy sequential access only
(C) No memory usage
(D) Faster CPU
19. . The main disadvantage of contiguous allocation is:
(A) Sequential access
(B) Internal fragmentation
(C) Random access
(D) External fragmentation
20. . The main goal of file system management is to:
(A) Store, retrieve, and organize files efficiently
(B) Manage CPU only
(C) Manage memory only
(D) Manage printers onl