Q#1: Multicast routing is used to send data to:
(A) One specific host
(B) All hosts in the network
(C) A group of selected hosts
(D) The nearest router
Answer: (C) A group of selected hosts
Q#2: Multicast communication uses which type of IP address?
(A) Unicast
(B) Broadcast
(C) Multicast
(D) Loopback
Answer: (C) Multicast
Q#3: IPv4 multicast addresses range from:
(A) 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255
(B) 127.0.0.0 – 127.255.255.255
(C) 224.0.0.0 – 239.255.255.255
(D) 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255
Answer: (C) 224.0.0.0 – 239.255.255.255
Q#4: Which protocol manages multicast group membership?
(A) ARP
(B) IGMP
(C) ICMP
(D) DHCP
Answer: (B) IGMP
Q#5: IGMP stands for:
(A) Internet Group Management Protocol
(B) Internal Group Multicast Process
(C) Internet Gateway Multicast Protocol
(D) Integrated Group Messaging Protocol
Answer: (A) Internet Group Management Protocol
Q#6: Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) is used in:
(A) Unicast routing
(B) Broadcast routing
(C) Multicast routing
(D) Static routing
Answer: (C) Multicast routing
Q#7: Which multicast routing protocol uses a shared tree?
(A) DVMRP
(B) MOSPF
(C) PIM-SM
(D) RIP
Answer: (C) PIM-SM
Q#8: DVMRP stands for:
(A) Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol
(B) Dynamic Vector Multicast Routing Protocol
(C) Distributed Vector Management Routing Protocol
(D) Data Vector Multicast Routing Process
Answer: (A) Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol
Q#9: Which multicast protocol uses flooding and pruning?
(A) PIM-SM
(B) DVMRP
(C) BGP
(D) OSPF
Answer: (B) DVMRP
Q#10: PIM stands for:
(A) Protocol Independent Multicast
(B) Process Internal Multicast
(C) Primary Internet Multicast
(D) Private Internal Messaging
Answer: (A) Protocol Independent Multicast
Q#11: PIM-DM stands for:
(A) Protocol Independent Multicast – Dense Mode
(B) Primary Internet Multicast – Data Mode
(C) Private Internal Multicast – Dynamic Mode
(D) Public Internet Multicast – Direct Mode
Answer: (A) Protocol Independent Multicast – Dense Mode
Q#12: Dense Mode assumes that:
(A) Few routers want multicast traffic
(B) No routers want multicast traffic
(C) Many routers want multicast traffic
(D) Only one router wants traffic
Answer: (C) Many routers want multicast traffic
Q#13: Sparse Mode assumes that:
(A) Many routers want multicast traffic
(B) Few routers want multicast traffic
(C) All routers want multicast traffic
(D) No router wants traffic
Answer: (B) Few routers want multicast traffic
Q#14: In multicast routing, a tree structure is built from:
(A) Destination to source
(B) Source to receivers
(C) Router to router randomly
(D) Gateway to server
Answer: (B) Source to receivers
Q#15: A source-based tree is also called:
(A) Shared tree
(B) Shortest path tree
(C) Broadcast tree
(D) Loop tree
Answer: (B) Shortest path tree
Q#16: A shared tree uses a special router called:
(A) Gateway
(B) Backbone router
(C) Rendezvous Point (RP)
(D) Switch
Answer: (C) Rendezvous Point (RP)
Q#17: Which protocol is an extension of OSPF for multicast?
(A) RIP
(B) MOSPF
(C) BGP
(D) EIGRP
Answer: (B) MOSPF
Q#18: MOSPF stands for:
(A) Multicast Open Shortest Path First
(B) Multiple OSPF
(C) Managed OSPF
(D) Main OSPF
Answer: (A) Multicast Open Shortest Path First
Q#19: Reverse Path Forwarding checks packets based on:
(A) Source address
(B) Destination address
(C) Port number
(D) MAC address
Answer: (A) Source address
Q#20: Multicast reduces network traffic compared to:
(A) Unicast transmission
(B) Broadcast transmission
(C) Point-to-point transmission
(D) Static routing
Answer: (A) Unicast transmission
Q#21: Multicast is commonly used for:
(A) Email
(B) File transfer
(C) Video conferencing
(D) ARP requests
Answer: (C) Video conferencing
Q#22: Which protocol works with routers to manage group membership?
(A) IGMP
(B) TCP
(C) FTP
(D) SMTP
Answer: (A) IGMP
Q#23: Which layer handles multicast routing?
(A) Physical layer
(B) Data Link layer
(C) Network layer
(D) Application layer
Answer: (C) Network layer
Q#24: In multicast, routers maintain:
(A) MAC tables
(B) Routing tables with group info
(C) ARP cache only
(D) DNS records
Answer: (B) Routing tables with group info
Q#25: The main goal of multicast routing is to:
(A) Increase delay
(B) Minimize bandwidth usage
(C) Block traffic
(D) Replace TCP
Answer: (B) Minimize bandwidth usage
Q#26: Which multicast protocol is protocol-independent?
(A) RIP
(B) PIM
(C) ARP
(D) ICMP
Answer: (B) PIM
Q#27: Flooding in multicast is followed by:
(A) Pruning
(B) Broadcasting
(C) Encryption
(D) Fragmentation
Answer: (A) Pruning
Q#28: Pruning is used to:
(A) Add routers
(B) Remove unnecessary branches
(C) Increase bandwidth
(D) Change IP address
Answer: (B) Remove unnecessary branches
Q#29: Multicast packets are delivered using:
(A) One-to-one
(B) One-to-all
(C) One-to-many
(D) Many-to-one
Answer: (C) One-to-many
Q#30: Which IPv6 feature supports multicast?
(A) Anycast
(B) Broadcast
(C) Multicast
(D) Fragmentation
Answer: (C) Multicast
Q#31: Multicast avoids duplication by using:
(A) Separate paths
(B) Shared tree structure
(C) Static routes
(D) MAC filtering
Answer: (B) Shared tree structure
Q#32: The Rendezvous Point is used in:
(A) PIM-DM
(B) PIM-SM
(C) RIP
(D) DVMRP only
Answer: (B) PIM-SM
Q#33: Multicast routing requires routers to support:
(A) NAT
(B) Multicast protocols
(C) DHCP
(D) FTP
Answer: (B) Multicast protocols
Q#34: In multicast, group membership is dynamic, meaning:
(A) Fixed permanently
(B) Hosts can join or leave anytime
(C) Only routers decide
(D) Only servers join
Answer: (B) Hosts can join or leave anytime
Q#35: Which address class is used for IPv4 multicast?
(A) Class A
(B) Class B
(C) Class C
(D) Class D
Answer: (D) Class D
Q#36: Multicast improves efficiency by:
(A) Sending multiple copies
(B) Sending a single copy to many
(C) Blocking traffic
(D) Using only TCP
Answer: (B) Sending a single copy to many
Q#37: Which protocol sends join and leave messages?
(A) IGMP
(B) FTP
(C) SMTP
(D) HTTP
Answer: (A) IGMP
Q#38: Reverse Path Forwarding prevents:
(A) Encryption
(B) Loops
(C) Fragmentation
(D) Compression
Answer: (B) Loops
Q#39: Multicast routing trees can be:
(A) Linear only
(B) Ring only
(C) Source-based or shared
(D) Bus only
Answer: (C) Source-based or shared
Q#40: Which routing type is most bandwidth-efficient for group communication?
(A) Unicast
(B) Broadcast
(C) Multicast
(D) Static routing
Answer: (C) Multicast
Q#41: Multicast traffic is identified by:
(A) Port number only
(B) MAC address only
(C) Multicast IP address
(D) Host name
Answer: (C) Multicast IP address
Q#42: In IPv6, multicast replaces:
(A) Broadcast
(B) Unicast
(C) TCP
(D) DNS
Answer: (A) Broadcast
Q#43: DVMRP is based on which routing concept?
(A) Link-State
(B) Distance-Vector
(C) Hybrid
(D) Static
Answer: (B) Distance-Vector
Q#44: PIM works independently of:
(A) Underlying unicast routing protocol
(B) IP address
(C) Router
(D) Switch
Answer: (A) Underlying unicast routing protocol
Q#45: Multicast group address is shared by:
(A) Only sender
(B) Only receiver
(C) All group members
(D) Only routers
Answer: (C) All group members
Q#46: Which protocol is used for IPv6 multicast membership?
(A) IGMP
(B) MLD
(C) ARP
(D) RARP
Answer: (B) MLD
Q#47: MLD stands for:
(A) Multicast Listener Discovery
(B) Multiple Link Distribution
(C) Managed Logical Data
(D) Multicast Link Detection
Answer: (A) Multicast Listener Discovery
Q#48: A multicast tree without unnecessary branches is called:
(A) Flooded tree
(B) Pruned tree
(C) Broadcast tree
(D) Static tree
Answer: (B) Pruned tree
Q#49: Multicast routing operates primarily at which OSI layer?
(A) Physical
(B) Data Link
(C) Network
(D) Application
Answer: (C) Network
Q#50: The main advantage of multicast routing is:
(A) Higher delay
(B) More packet loss
(C) Efficient bandwidth usage
(D) Complex addressing
Answer: (C) Efficient bandwidth usage