1. : Who is known as the father of algebra among Muslim scholars?
(A) Ibn Sina
(B) Al-Biruni
(C) Al-Khwarizmi
(D) Al-Farabi
2. : Which Muslim scholar wrote the famous medical book “Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb”?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Al-Zahrawi
(C) Ibn al-Nafis
(D) Ibn Sina
3. : Who is recognized for discovering the pulmonary circulation of blood?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Ibn Sina
(C) Al-Zahrawi
(D) Ibn al-Nafis
4. : Al-Razi is known in the West as:
(A) Avicenna
(B) Averroes
(C) Rhazes
(D) Alhazen
5. : Which scholar made significant contributions to optics and vision?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Ibn al-Haytham
(C) Al-Kindi
(D) Ibn Sina
6. : Who was the first to describe smallpox and measles scientifically?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Al-Zahrawi
(C) Ibn Sina
(D) Al-Biruni
7. : Al-Zahrawi is most famous for his work in which field?
(A) Chemistry
(B) Astronomy
(C) Surgery
(D) Mathematics
8. : What was the title of Al-Zahrawi’s surgical encyclopedia?
(A) Al-Tasrif
(B) Al-Qanun
(C) Kitab al-Hawi
(D) Al-Majmu
9. : Which Muslim scholar accurately determined the Earth’s circumference?
(A) Al-Khwarizmi
(B) Al-Biruni
(C) Ibn Sina
(D) Al-Farabi
10. : Which Muslim scholar was a pioneer in pharmacology and compiled books on medicine?
(A) Ibn Zuhr
(B) Al-Kindi
(C) Ibn Sina
(D) Al-Razi
11. : Who among the following was an expert in both medicine and astronomy?
(A) Al-Zahrawi
(B) Ibn al-Haytham
(C) Al-Biruni
(D) Ibn Rushd
12. : Ibn al-Haytham’s major work on optics is titled:
(A) Book of Optics
(B) Book of Vision
(C) Al-Qanun
(D) Al-Mansura
13. : Which Muslim scholar criticized the Greek physician Galen’s theories on the heart?
(A) Al-Kindi
(B) Ibn al-Nafis
(C) Al-Farabi
(D) Ibn Sina
14. : Who introduced the use of alcohol in medicine as an antiseptic?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Ibn Sina
(C) Al-Khwarizmi
(D) Al-Farabi
15. : Who wrote “De Gradibus” on medicine and drugs?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Ibn Rushd
(C) Al-Kindi
(D) Ibn al-Nafis
16. : Which Muslim scholar is known for writing more than 200 books on various subjects, including medicine?
(A) Ibn al-Haytham
(B) Ibn Sina
(C) Al-Zahrawi
(D) Al-Farabi
17. : Ibn Rushd is best known in the West as:
(A) Avicenna
(B) Averroes
(C) Rhazes
(D) Alhazen
18. : Al-Farabi was a philosopher and scientist who also contributed to:
(A) Music
(B) Astronomy
(C) Surgery
(D) Pharmacology
19. : Who classified diseases and emphasized the importance of patient history?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Ibn Sina
(C) Ibn Rushd
(D) Al-Biruni
20. : Al-Khwarizmi’s works were translated into which language, influencing Europe?
(A) Greek
(B) Latin
(C) Persian
(D) Hebrew
21. : Who developed precise methods for measuring the weight of minerals and compounds?
(A) Ibn Rushd
(B) Al-Biruni
(C) Al-Kindi
(D) Ibn Sina
22. : Which Muslim scholar was the first to describe the tracheotomy?
(A) Ibn al-Nafis
(B) Al-Zahrawi
(C) Al-Razi
(D) Ibn Rushd
23. : Who established one of the earliest hospitals in Baghdad?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Ibn Sina
(C) Al-Khwarizmi
(D) Al-Biruni
24. : Who accurately measured the density of various metals and liquids?
(A) Al-Farabi
(B) Ibn Sina
(C) Al-Biruni
(D) Al-Razi
25. : Who compiled medical case studies and clinical observations in great detail?
(A) Ibn al-Haytham
(B) Ibn Rushd
(C) Al-Razi
(D) Al-Zahrawi
26. : Ibn Sina’s “Canon of Medicine” remained a standard medical text in Europe for how long?
(A) 100 years
(B) 200 years
(C) 300 years
(D) 600 years
27. : Who among the following Muslim scholars was also a chemist?
(A) Ibn Sina
(B) Al-Razi
(C) Al-Farabi
(D) Ibn al-Haytham
28. : Which Muslim scientist created the first camera obscura model?
(A) Ibn Sina
(B) Al-Zahrawi
(C) Al-Biruni
(D) Ibn al-Haytham
29. : Who is known as the “father of early modern surgery”?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Ibn Rushd
(C) Al-Zahrawi
(D) Ibn Sina
30. : Which Muslim scholar suggested that light travels in straight lines?
(A) Ibn Sina
(B) Al-Farabi
(C) Ibn al-Haytham
(D) Al-Kindi
31. : Who developed the idea of scientific experimentation and induction?
(A) Al-Khwarizmi
(B) Al-Razi
(C) Ibn al-Haytham
(D) Al-Farabi
32. : Al-Kindi was a pioneer in which field along with medicine?
(A) Astronomy
(B) Translation and philosophy
(C) Surgery
(D) Geography
33. : Ibn Zuhr made early contributions to which field of medicine?
(A) Ophthalmology
(B) Surgery
(C) Internal medicine
(D) Pediatrics
34. : Ibn Sina believed that diseases were caused by:
(A) Demons
(B) Natural and environmental factors
(C) Supernatural forces
(D) Astrology
35. : Who introduced the use of catgut for internal stitching?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Al-Zahrawi
(C) Ibn Rushd
(D) Ibn al-Haytham
36. : The concept of quarantine in medicine was influenced by which Muslim scholar?
(A) Ibn Sina
(B) Al-Biruni
(C) Ibn al-Nafis
(D) Al-Razi
37. : Al-Biruni accurately calculated the:
(A) Volume of water on Earth
(B) Earth’s circumference and radius
(C) Weight of gold
(D) Depth of oceans
38. : Which scholar translated many Greek scientific texts into Arabic?
(A) Al-Kindi
(B) Ibn Rushd
(C) Al-Biruni
(D) Ibn Sina
39. : Al-Razi emphasized the importance of:
(A) Religious treatment
(B) Clinical diagnosis and observation
(C) Astrology
(D) Magic
40. : Who classified minerals into groups based on their physical properties?
(A) Ibn Sina
(B) Al-Razi
(C) Al-Biruni
(D) Ibn al-Haytham
41. : Al-Zahrawi invented several:
(A) Vaccines
(B) Surgical instruments
(C) Herbal remedies
(D) Chemical formulas
42. : Who is considered the first to describe the structure of the human heart accurately?
(A) Al-Zahrawi
(B) Ibn Rushd
(C) Ibn al-Nafis
(D) Ibn Sina
43. : Ibn Sina combined Greek, Indian, and Islamic medical knowledge in which book?
(A) Al-Hawi
(B) Al-Tasrif
(C) The Canon of Medicine
(D) Book of Healing
44. : Who developed an early understanding of the contagious nature of diseases?
(A) Al-Razi
(B) Ibn Rushd
(C) Ibn Sina
(D) Al-Kindi
45. : Who described more than 200 surgical tools in detail?
(A) Ibn Sina
(B) Al-Zahrawi
(C) Ibn al-Haytham
(D) Al-Razi
46. : Who wrote the book “Kitab al-Hawi” (Comprehensive Book)?
(A) Ibn al-Nafis
(B) Ibn Rushd
(C) Al-Razi
(D) Al-Biruni
47. : Ibn Rushd was not only a physician but also a:
(A) Soldier
(B) Mathematician
(C) Philosopher and judge
(D) Astronomer
48. : Al-Kindi contributed to the development of:
(A) Hospitals
(B) Surgical methods
(C) Pharmacology and drug testing
(D) Nursing
49. : Who was the teacher of Ibn Rushd?
(A) Al-Farabi
(B) Al-Ghazali
(C) Ibn Zuhr
(D) Al-Zahrawi
50. : Muslim scholars preserved and enhanced the medical knowledge of:
(A) Romans
(B) Greeks
(C) Indians
(D) All of the above