1. Malnutrition refers to:
(A) Imbalance of nutrient intake
(B) Normal body growth
(C) Regular physical activity
(D) Adequate food consumption
2. The two major forms of malnutrition are:
(A) Health and disease
(B) Infection and injury
(C) Growth and development
(D) Undernutrition and overnutrition
3. Undernutrition occurs when the body receives:
(A) Adequate food
(B) Excess vitamins
(C) Extra calories only
(D) Insufficient nutrients
4. Overnutrition is commonly associated with:
(A) Excess nutrient intake
(B) Lack of food intake
(C) Vitamin deficiency only
(D) Poor absorption only
5. A child with poor weight gain and repeated infections should be assessed for:
(A) Improved immunity
(B) Normal growth
(C) Malnutrition
(D) Excess nutrition
6. Protein-energy malnutrition mainly affects:
(A) Growth and development
(B) Vision only
(C) Hearing ability
(D) Skin color
7. The two main types of protein-energy malnutrition are:
(A) Marasmus and kwashiorkor
(B) Scurvy and rickets
(C) Goiter and anemia
(D) Beriberi and pellagra
8. Marasmus is caused mainly by deficiency of:
(A) Iodine
(B) Vitamin C
(C) Energy and protein
(D) Calcium
9. Kwashiorkor is mainly related to deficiency of:
(A) Water
(B) Iron
(C) Vitamin A
(D) Protein
10. A common sign of kwashiorkor is:
(A) Edema
(B) Night blindness
(C) Bleeding gums
(D) Goiter
11. Severe wasting is commonly seen in:
(A) Marasmus
(B) Kwashiorkor
(C) Scurvy
(D) Rickets
12. A child with a swollen abdomen and edema may have:
(A) Kwashiorkor
(B) Anemia
(C) Rickets
(D) Scurvy
13. The main cause of childhood malnutrition is often:
(A) Proper nutrition
(B) Adequate feeding
(C) Regular exercise
(D) Poor dietary intake
14. Malnutrition can be prevented by:
(A) Skipping meals
(B) Balanced diet and proper feeding
(C) Avoiding all fats
(D) Reducing food variety
15. Growth monitoring helps identify:
(A) Nutritional problems
(B) Blood group
(C) Eye disorders only
(D) Family size
16. A common indicator of childhood malnutrition is:
(A) Normal activity
(B) Increased height only
(C) Low weight for age
(D) Healthy appetite
17. Stunting refers to:
(A) Increased muscle mass
(B) Low weight for height
(C) Excess body weight
(D) Low height for age
18. Wasting refers to:
(A) Low weight for height
(B) Low height for age
(C) High body weight
(D) Increased growth
19. Underweight is measured by:
(A) Low weight for age
(B) High height for age
(C) Increased muscle size
(D) Normal growth pattern
20. The best method to prevent infant malnutrition is:
(A) Early junk food intake
(B) Appropriate breastfeeding and feeding practices
(C) Avoiding breast milk
(D) Skipping meals
21. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for infants up to:
(A) Six months
(B) One month
(C) Nine months
(D) Two years
22. Complementary feeding should begin when the infant is:
(A) About six months old
(B) One week old
(C) One year old
(D) Two years old
23. Malnutrition increases the risk of:
(A) Strong immunity
(B) Infections
(C) Faster healing
(D) Better growth
24. A malnourished child may show:
(A) Increased strength
(B) Improved development
(C) Delayed growth
(D) Better immunity
25. Which group is most vulnerable to malnutrition?
(A) Healthy adults only
(B) Children under five years
(C) Athletes only
(D) Office workers only
26. Poverty contributes to malnutrition by causing:
(A) Limited access to nutritious food
(B) Increased food choices
(C) Better healthcare access
(D) Improved diets
27. Infection can worsen malnutrition by:
(A) Preventing nutrient loss
(B) Improving appetite
(C) Increasing body reserves
(D) Increasing nutrient requirements
28. A nutritional assessment includes:
(A) Family income only
(B) Blood group testing only
(C) Eye examination only
(D) Diet history and body measurements
29. Body Mass Index (BMI) is used to assess:
(A) Nutritional status
(B) Blood pressure
(C) Vision
(D) Hearing
30. A major consequence of severe malnutrition is:
(A) Faster growth
(B) Improved immunity
(C) Increased mortality risk
(D) Better physical strength
31. Vitamin A deficiency in malnourished children may cause:
(A) Thyroid enlargement
(B) Bone fractures
(C) Vision problems
(D) Bleeding disorders
32. Iron deficiency in malnutrition may lead to:
(A) Anemia
(B) Goiter
(C) Rickets
(D) Scurvy
33. Zinc deficiency may affect:
(A) Height only
(B) Blood group
(C) Growth and immunity
(D) Hair color
34. The nurse can help prevent malnutrition through:
(A) Reducing food intake
(B) Ignoring feeding practices
(C) Nutrition education
(D) Avoiding assessment
35. Community nutrition programs focus on:
(A) Increasing food waste
(B) Improving nutritional status
(C) Reducing awareness
(D) Limiting healthcare access
36. The treatment of malnutrition depends on:
(A) Height only
(B) Age only
(C) Severity and nutritional needs
(D) Location only
37. A child recovering from malnutrition requires:
(A) Limited fluids
(B) Reduced food intake
(C) No monitoring
(D) Adequate nutrient intake
38. Poor sanitation can contribute to malnutrition by increasing:
(A) Food availability
(B) Infections
(C) Nutrient absorption
(D) Growth rate
39. The first step in managing malnutrition is:
(A) Nutritional assessment
(B) Ignoring symptoms
(C) Restricting food
(D) Stopping growth monitoring
40. Community health nurses help reduce malnutrition by promoting:
(A) Healthy feeding practices
(B) Unhealthy diets
(C) Food restriction
(D) Poor hygiene
41. A child with severe acute malnutrition requires:
(A) Immediate nutritional care
(B) No follow-up
(C) Reduced nutrition
(D) Delayed assessment
42. Malnutrition affects which body system significantly?
(A) Nail system only
(B) Hair system only
(C) Immune system
(D) Skin color only
43. The best indicator of child growth is:
(A) Eye color
(B) Growth monitoring measurements
(C) Clothing size
(D) Family name
44. Proper maternal nutrition helps prevent:
(A) Accidents
(B) All infections
(C) Genetic disorders
(D) Childhood malnutrition
45. Health education about malnutrition should include:
(A) Proper diet and feeding methods
(B) Avoiding all foods
(C) Reducing meals
(D) Ignoring symptoms
46. Malnutrition screening helps to:
(A) Identify at-risk individuals
(B) Increase disease spread
(C) Delay treatment
(D) Reduce awareness
47. A balanced diet prevents malnutrition by providing:
(A) Limited food choices
(B) Excess calories only
(C) Essential nutrients
(D) Unhealthy fats only
48. The main goal of nutritional rehabilitation is to:
(A) Reduce body function
(B) Increase nutrient deficiency
(C) Restore health and growth
(D) Prevent food intake
49. Malnutrition prevention requires cooperation between:
(A) Patients only
(B) Families and healthcare providers
(C) Hospitals only
(D) Food industries only
50. The ultimate aim of controlling malnutrition is to:
(A) Reduce food availability
(B) Increase nutritional problems
(C) Improve health, growth, and quality of life
(D) Avoid health education