1. Infectious diseases are caused by:
(A) Nutrient deficiency only
(B) Pathogenic microorganisms
(C) Genetic changes only
(D) Physical injuries
2. The organisms that cause infectious diseases are called:
(A) Antibodies
(B) Nutrients
(C) Pathogens
(D) Hormones
3. Which of the following is an example of a bacterial infection?
(A) COVID-19
(B) Influenza
(C) Measles
(D) Tuberculosis
4. Infectious diseases can spread through:
(A) Exercise habits
(B) Age only
(C) Height and weight
(D) Air, water, food, and contact
5. A patient with persistent cough, fever, and weight loss should be evaluated for:
(A) Arthritis
(B) Diabetes
(C) Hypertension
(D) Tuberculosis
6. Tuberculosis primarily affects the:
(A) Skin only
(B) Bones only
(C) Lungs
(D) Heart
7. The causative organism of tuberculosis is:
(A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(B) Escherichia coli
(C) Influenza virus
(D) Plasmodium
8. Malaria is caused by:
(A) Plasmodium parasite
(B) Bacteria
(C) Virus
(D) Fungus
9. Malaria is transmitted by:
(A) Tick
(B) Housefly
(C) Female Anopheles mosquito
(D) Louse
10. The best method to prevent malaria is:
(A) Reducing water intake
(B) Eating more sugar
(C) Avoiding exercise
(D) Mosquito control and protection from bites
11. COVID-19 is caused by:
(A) Parasite
(B) Bacteria
(C) Fungus
(D) SARS-CoV-2 virus
12. Influenza is caused by a:
(A) Virus
(B) Bacterium
(C) Protozoa
(D) Helminth
13. Hepatitis refers to inflammation of the:
(A) Kidney
(B) Liver
(C) Heart
(D) Lung
14. Hepatitis B can be transmitted through:
(A) Food only
(B) Air only
(C) Blood and body fluids
(D) Exercise
15. HIV mainly attacks the:
(A) Immune system
(B) Digestive system
(C) Skeletal system
(D) Nervous system only
16. HIV infection can progress to:
(A) Hypertension
(B) Diabetes
(C) AIDS
(D) Asthma
17. Vaccination protects against infectious diseases by:
(A) Increasing infection
(B) Developing immunity
(C) Destroying all microorganisms
(D) Reducing nutrition
18. Hand hygiene is important because it:
(A) Increases bacteria growth
(B) Reduces transmission of infections
(C) Causes disease spread
(D) Replaces vaccination
19. Cholera is mainly transmitted through:
(A) Air droplets
(B) Mosquito bites
(C) Contaminated water and food
(D) Genetic inheritance
20. The organism responsible for cholera is:
(A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(B) Vibrio cholerae
(C) Plasmodium
(D) Influenza virus
21. Dengue fever is transmitted by:
(A) Aedes mosquito
(B) Anopheles mosquito
(C) Housefly
(D) Tick
22. A common symptom of many infectious diseases is:
(A) Improved immunity
(B) Increased height
(C) Fever
(D) Weight gain only
23. Antibiotics are mainly used to treat:
(A) Genetic disorders
(B) Viral infections
(C) Bacterial infections
(D) Nutritional deficiencies
24. Antibiotics are ineffective against:
(A) Bacterial infections
(B) Viral infections
(C) Some bacterial diseases
(D) Certain infections
25. A person can prevent infectious diseases by:
(A) Avoiding clean water
(B) Maintaining hygiene and vaccination
(C) Ignoring symptoms
(D) Sharing personal items
26. The spread of infection from one person to another is called:
(A) Immunity
(B) Digestion
(C) Transmission
(D) Recovery
27. Airborne infections spread through:
(A) Skin color
(B) Food nutrients
(C) Exercise
(D) Respiratory droplets
28. Measles can be prevented by:
(A) Avoiding water
(B) Antibiotics
(C) Increased sugar intake
(D) MMR vaccination
29. A disease transmitted by insects is called:
(A) Genetic disease
(B) Vector-borne disease
(C) Nutritional disease
(D) Degenerative disease
30. A major factor contributing to infectious disease spread is:
(A) Healthy lifestyle
(B) Poor sanitation
(C) Proper vaccination
(D) Clean water
31. Isolation of infected patients helps to:
(A) Increase infection spread
(B) Prevent disease transmission
(C) Reduce immunity
(D) Delay recovery
32. Disinfection means:
(A) Destroying harmful microorganisms on surfaces
(B) Increasing bacteria
(C) Producing vaccines
(D) Increasing contamination
33. Personal protective equipment (PPE) is used to:
(A) Increase disease spread
(B) Reduce exposure to infections
(C) Replace treatment
(D) Improve nutrition
34. A communicable disease outbreak means:
(A) Reduction in disease cases
(B) Increase in cases of an infectious disease
(C) Normal health condition
(D) Improved nutrition
35. Contact tracing helps identify:
(A) Blood group
(B) Nutritional status
(C) People exposed to an infection
(D) Genetic traits
36. Proper disposal of medical waste helps prevent:
(A) Infection spread
(B) Nutrition problems
(C) Genetic disorders
(D) Lifestyle diseases
37. Safe injection practices prevent transmission of:
(A) Bloodborne infections
(B) Nutritional disorders
(C) Bone diseases
(D) Eye problems
38. The body's defense against infections is provided by:
(A) Digestive system only
(B) Immune system
(C) Skeletal system
(D) Muscles only
39. Fever occurs during infection because the body:
(A) Prevents healing
(B) Stops immunity
(C) Loses all nutrients
(D) Responds to invading microorganisms
40. The nurse helps control infectious diseases through:
(A) Avoiding vaccination
(B) Ignoring symptoms
(C) Reducing hygiene
(D) Health education and prevention
41. Ringworm is caused by:
(A) Fungus
(B) Virus
(C) Bacteria
(D) Parasite
42. Intestinal worms are examples of:
(A) Genetic disorders
(B) Viral infections
(C) Parasitic infections
(D) Autoimmune diseases
43. Clean drinking water helps prevent:
(A) Cancer
(B) Genetic diseases
(C) Waterborne infections
(D) Hypertension
44. The first line of defense against infection is:
(A) Bones
(B) Skin and mucous membranes
(C) Muscles
(D) Hair only
45. Infectious disease control requires:
(A) Ignoring symptoms
(B) Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment
(C) Avoiding healthcare
(D) Reducing awareness
46. A person with a weakened immune system is at higher risk of:
(A) Better immunity
(B) Infections
(C) Faster healing
(D) Reduced disease risk
47. Community health programs reduce infectious diseases by promoting:
(A) Unsafe practices
(B) Immunization and hygiene
(C) Poor sanitation
(D) Disease exposure
48. The main purpose of infection prevention measures is to:
(A) Increase transmission
(B) Break the chain of infection
(C) Delay recovery
(D) Reduce immunity
49. Early diagnosis of infectious diseases helps in:
(A) Delaying care
(B) Increasing complications
(C) Prompt treatment and prevention of spread
(D) Avoiding monitoring
50. The ultimate goal of infectious disease control is to:
(A) Protect individuals and communities from infection
(B) Increase disease transmission
(C) Reduce healthcare access
(D) Prevent all microorganisms from existing