1. : Industrial microbiology mainly deals with the study of
(A) Microorganisms used in food spoilage
(B) Microorganisms used in industrial processes
(C) Microorganisms causing diseases
(D) Microorganisms in soil
2. : The industrial production of alcohol is generally carried out by
(A) Escherichia coli
(B) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(C) Streptococcus lactis
(D) Aspergillus niger
3. : Citric acid is commercially produced using
(A) Lactobacillus bulgaricus
(B) Aspergillus niger
(C) Penicillium chrysogenum
(D) Clostridium acetobutylicum
4. : The main microorganism used in penicillin production is
(A) Penicillium notatum
(B) Aspergillus niger
(C) Rhizopus stolonifer
(D) Candida albicans
5. : Lactic acid is produced industrially by
(A) Lactobacillus species
(B) Bacillus subtilis
(C) Streptomyces griseus
(D) Clostridium sporogenes
6. : Which microorganism is used in the production of vitamin B12?
(A) Pseudomonas denitrificans
(B) Lactobacillus acidophilus
(C) Aspergillus niger
(D) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
7. : The industrial fermentation process for producing acetone and butanol uses
(A) Clostridium acetobutylicum
(B) Bacillus cereus
(C) Streptococcus pyogenes
(D) Lactobacillus casei
8. : Antibiotic streptomycin is produced by
(A) Streptomyces griseus
(B) Penicillium notatum
(C) Aspergillus fumigatus
(D) Bacillus licheniformis
9. : The main carbon source used in citric acid fermentation is
(A) Sucrose
(B) Glucose
(C) Molasses
(D) Starch
10. : Which of the following is used to produce cheese flavor compounds?
(A) Propionibacterium shermanii
(B) Lactococcus lactis
(C) Penicillium roqueforti
(D) Both A and C
11. : Industrial enzymes are usually produced through
(A) Fermentation
(B) Chemical synthesis
(C) Distillation
(D) Extraction from plants
12. : The organism used in vinegar production is
(A) Acetobacter aceti
(B) Lactobacillus bulgaricus
(C) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(D) Bacillus subtilis
13. : Gluconic acid is produced using
(A) Aspergillus niger
(B) Penicillium chrysogenum
(C) Bacillus cereus
(D) Lactobacillus plantarum
14. : The antibiotic erythromycin is produced by
(A) Streptomyces erythraea
(B) Penicillium chrysogenum
(C) Bacillus megaterium
(D) Aspergillus oryzae
15. : SCP stands for
(A) Single Cell Protein
(B) Simple Carbohydrate Production
(C) Single Carbon Process
(D) Secondary Cell Protein
16. : The production of enzymes like amylase and protease often uses
(A) Bacillus species
(B) Escherichia coli
(C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
(D) Salmonella typhi
17. : Citric acid fermentation is carried out under
(A) Aerobic conditions
(B) Anaerobic conditions
(C) Semi-aerobic conditions
(D) Facultative conditions
18. : Which of the following is a secondary metabolite?
(A) Ethanol
(B) Lactic acid
(C) Penicillin
(D) Citric acid
19. : The microorganism used in the production of insulin by genetic engineering is
(A) Escherichia coli
(B) Lactobacillus casei
(C) Bacillus subtilis
(D) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
20. : The most common method of sterilization in industrial fermentation is
(A) Filtration
(B) Autoclaving
(C) Radiation
(D) Dry heat
21. : Production of antibiotics is usually done in
(A) Batch fermenters
(B) Continuous fermenters
(C) Air-lift fermenters
(D) Photobioreactors
22. : The microorganism used for amylase production is
(A) Bacillus licheniformis
(B) Streptococcus thermophilus
(C) Lactobacillus delbrueckii
(D) Clostridium acetobutylicum
23. : Ethanol fermentation is an example of
(A) Anaerobic fermentation
(B) Aerobic fermentation
(C) Mixed fermentation
(D) Partial oxidation
24. : The antibiotic tetracycline is produced by
(A) Streptomyces aureofaciens
(B) Bacillus cereus
(C) Aspergillus flavus
(D) Penicillium roqueforti
25. : The term “upstream processing” refers to
(A) Recovery and purification
(B) Fermentation and product formation
(C) Media preparation and inoculation
(D) Packaging and distribution
26. : Downstream processing includes
(A) Sterilization
(B) Product recovery
(C) Fermentation
(D) Cell growth
27. : The microorganism used for vitamin C production is
(A) Gluconobacter oxydans
(B) Bacillus subtilis
(C) Lactobacillus brevis
(D) Aspergillus flavus
28. : Which of the following produces the enzyme invertase?
(A) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(B) Lactobacillus acidophilus
(C) Aspergillus oryzae
(D) Bacillus megaterium
29. : The production of biogas uses
(A) Anaerobic microorganisms
(B) Aerobic microorganisms
(C) Photosynthetic microorganisms
(D) Acidophilic microorganisms
30. : Penicillin inhibits
(A) Cell wall synthesis
(B) Protein synthesis
(C) Nucleic acid synthesis
(D) ATP synthesis
31. : The antibiotic chloramphenicol is produced by
(A) Streptomyces venezuelae
(B) Bacillus subtilis
(C) Aspergillus niger
(D) Penicillium chrysogenum
32. : Continuous fermentation is suitable for
(A) Lactic acid production
(B) Beer fermentation
(C) Vinegar production
(D) Wine fermentation
33. : The main nitrogen source in fermentation media is
(A) Ammonium salts
(B) Sodium chloride
(C) Calcium carbonate
(D) Magnesium sulfate
34. : Biotransformation is
(A) Conversion of a compound by microorganisms
(B) Chemical synthesis
(C) Physical filtration
(D) Sterilization process
35. : Which of the following is used for enzyme production?
(A) Aspergillus oryzae
(B) Salmonella typhi
(C) Vibrio cholerae
(D) Clostridium tetani
36. : The first antibiotic discovered was
(A) Penicillin
(B) Streptomycin
(C) Tetracycline
(D) Erythromycin
37. : The term “fermentor” refers to
(A) Vessel used for microbial growth
(B) Microorganism
(C) Culture medium
(D) Enzyme
38. : The production of enzymes like protease often requires
(A) Aeration
(B) Dark conditions
(C) Low temperature
(D) Anaerobic environment
39. : A byproduct of yeast fermentation is
(A) Carbon dioxide
(B) Hydrogen
(C) Methane
(D) Nitrogen
40. : The production of citric acid requires a high
(A) Sugar concentration
(B) Protein concentration
(C) Lipid concentration
(D) Salt concentration
41. : Which of the following is used in steroid transformation?
(A) Rhizopus species
(B) Bacillus subtilis
(C) Streptococcus species
(D) Lactobacillus species
42. : Industrial fermentation is mainly carried out in
(A) Bioreactors
(B) Test tubes
(C) Petri dishes
(D) Flasks
43. : The production of amylase from Bacillus involves
(A) Submerged fermentation
(B) Solid-state fermentation
(C) Both A and B
(D) None
44. : Methanogens are
(A) Anaerobic archaea
(B) Aerobic bacteria
(C) Fungi
(D) Protozoa
45. : The primary goal of industrial microbiology is
(A) Large-scale production of valuable products
(B) Disease control
(C) Environmental monitoring
(D) Microbial taxonomy
46. : Which organism is used in citric acid production?
(A) Aspergillus niger
(B) Rhizopus stolonifer
(C) Penicillium roqueforti
(D) Streptococcus thermophilus
47. : The process of producing antibiotics is called
(A) Secondary metabolism
(B) Primary metabolism
(C) Anabolism
(D) Catabolism
48. : The main function of aeration in fermentation is
(A) Provide oxygen
(B) Remove carbon dioxide
(C) Mix nutrients
(D) All of the above
49. : The main purpose of agitation in fermentation is
(A) Uniform mixing and oxygen distribution
(B) Increase temperature
(C) Reduce microbial growth
(D) Evaporate water
50. : The product “rifamycin” is obtained from
(A) Amycolatopsis rifamycinica
(B) Bacillus cereus
(C) Aspergillus flavus
(D) Penicillium notatum