1. Floods in Pakistan are mainly caused by:
(A) Industrial activities
(B) Western disturbances only
(C) Coastal storms exclusively
(D) Heavy monsoon rains and melting snow in northern mountains
2. Droughts in Pakistan are mainly due to:
(A) Snowfall in mountains
(B) Excess rainfall
(C) Low rainfall, arid climate, and water scarcity
(D) Coastal storms
3. The provinces most affected by floods in Pakistan are:
(A) Punjab and Sindh
(B) Balochistan only
(C) Northern mountains exclusively
(D) Coastal Karachi only
4. Floods are common during which season in Pakistan?
(A) Winter (December to February)
(B) Monsoon season (June to September)
(C) Spring only
(D) Autumn only
5. Drought-prone areas of Pakistan include:
(A) Coastal Sindh only
(B) Northern mountains
(C) Punjab plains exclusively
(D) Thar Desert, Cholistan, and Balochistan
6. Floods in Pakistan can be intensified by:
(A) Industrialization
(B) Excess rainfall only
(C) Coastal winds exclusively
(D) Poor drainage, deforestation, and encroachment on riverbeds
7. Droughts affect Pakistan’s agriculture by:
(A) Coastal erosion exclusively
(B) Causing floods only
(C) Increasing monsoon rainfall
(D) Reducing crop yields and livestock production
8. The Indus River is:
(A) Coastal exclusively
(B) A desert river only
(C) Frozen year-round
(D) The main river causing floods in Pakistan
9. Western disturbances contribute to:
(A) Desertification exclusively
(B) Floods exclusively
(C) Monsoon rains only
(D) Winter rainfall that can reduce drought severity in northern Pakistan
10. Floods in Pakistan are more severe in:
(A) Northern highlands only
(B) Low-lying areas of Sindh and southern Punjab
(C) Coastal Karachi exclusively
(D) Desert Thar only
11. Drought conditions in Pakistan are worsened by:
(A) Irregular rainfall and overuse of groundwater
(B) Monsoon floods only
(C) Snowfall exclusively
(D) Coastal storms only
12. Floods in Pakistan can lead to:
(A) Improved agriculture exclusively
(B) Loss of lives, property, crops, and infrastructure
(C) Snowfall only
(D) Industrial growth only
13. Droughts can affect Pakistan’s economy by:
(A) Coastal trade exclusively
(B) Causing floods only
(C) Reducing agricultural productivity and livestock output
(D) Urban development only
14. The frequency of floods has increased in Pakistan due to:
(A) Only western disturbances
(B) Climate change, deforestation, and poor water management
(C) Snowfall exclusively
(D) Desertification only
15. The major flood in Pakistan’s history occurred in:
(A) 1995
(B) 2010
(C) 2005 only
(D) 1988 exclusively
16. Droughts in Pakistan are more common in which provinces?
(A) Balochistan, Sindh, and southern Punjab
(B) Northern highlands only
(C) Coastal areas exclusively
(D) Urban Karachi only
17. Measures to control floods in Pakistan include:
(A) Cutting forests only
(B) Building dams, embankments, and proper drainage systems
(C) Urbanization exclusively
(D) Desert farming only
18. Measures to reduce the impact of droughts include:
(A) Urban construction only
(B) Increasing floods only
(C) Monsoon intensification exclusively
(D) Efficient irrigation, rainwater harvesting, and groundwater management
19. Climate change affects floods and droughts in Pakistan by:
(A) Increasing intensity and irregularity of rainfall
(B) Reducing summer temperatures only
(C) Increasing snowfall exclusively
(D) Coastal trade only
20. Understanding floods and droughts in Pakistan helps in:
(A) Industrial production exclusively
(B) Urban fashion only
(C) Disaster management, agriculture planning, and water resource management
(D) Trade improvements only