1. : The study of Environmental Physics mainly deals with?
(A) Biological processes in ecosystems
(B) Interaction of physical processes with the environment
(C) Political systems and policies
(D) Economic development strategies
2. : The greenhouse effect is primarily caused by?
(A) Oxygen
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Nitrogen
(D) Argon
3. : The process of heat transfer through direct molecular contact is called?
(A) Radiation
(B) Conduction
(C) Convection
(D) Diffusion
4. : Which type of radiation is most responsible for Earth’s surface heating?
(A) Ultraviolet radiation
(B) Gamma radiation
(C) Infrared radiation
(D) X-rays
5. : Which gas has the highest global warming potential (GWP)?
(A) Methane
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Nitrous oxide
(D) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
6. : Ozone in the stratosphere is important because it absorbs?
(A) Infrared radiation
(B) Ultraviolet radiation
(C) Gamma rays
(D) Visible light
7. : The major source of energy driving Earth’s climate system is?
(A) Ocean currents
(B) The Sun
(C) Radioactive decay in Earth’s core
(D) Human activities
8. : The albedo effect refers to?
(A) The reflection of solar energy by Earth’s surface
(B) The absorption of greenhouse gases
(C) The emission of infrared radiation
(D) The scattering of sound waves
9. : Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
(A) Troposphere
(B) Stratosphere
(C) Mesosphere
(D) Thermosphere
10. : The unit used to measure radiation dose absorbed by living tissue is?
(A) Watt
(B) Gray
(C) Pascal
(D) Joule
11. : The process of heat transfer through fluid movement is known as?
(A) Radiation
(B) Convection
(C) Conduction
(D) Evaporation
12. : Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is used in remote sensing of vegetation?
(A) Ultraviolet
(B) Infrared
(C) X-rays
(D) Gamma rays
13. : Acid rain is primarily caused by emissions of?
(A) Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
(B) Carbon dioxide and methane
(C) Hydrogen and helium
(D) Ozone and chlorofluorocarbons
14. : The SI unit of pressure is?
(A) Newton
(B) Joule
(C) Pascal
(D) Watt
15. : Which radiation is most harmful to human health at ground level?
(A) Ultraviolet-B (UV-B)
(B) Infrared
(C) Visible light
(D) Radio waves
16. : Which process in plants helps reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
(A) Respiration
(B) Photosynthesis
(C) Transpiration
(D) Fermentation
17. : The Montreal Protocol was signed to control the emission of?
(A) Carbon dioxide
(B) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
(C) Methane
(D) Nitrous oxide
18. : Which type of energy is obtained from the motion of air masses?
(A) Geothermal energy
(B) Solar energy
(C) Wind energy
(D) Tidal energy
19. : The trapping of heat near Earth’s surface by greenhouse gases is similar to?
(A) A refrigerator
(B) A greenhouse glass cover
(C) A mirror
(D) A solar panel
20. : The boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere is called?
(A) Tropopause
(B) Stratopause
(C) Mesopause
(D) Thermopause
21. : The scientific study of climate and its variations is called?
(A) Meteorology
(B) Climatology
(C) Geophysics
(D) Ecology
22. : The Coriolis effect is caused by?
(A) Earth’s gravity
(B) Earth’s rotation
(C) Solar radiation
(D) Magnetic field
23. : The majority of Earth’s freshwater is stored in?
(A) Rivers
(B) Glaciers and ice caps
(C) Lakes
(D) Underground aquifers
24. : Which type of radiation is used in solar panels?
(A) Gamma radiation
(B) Infrared radiation
(C) Visible light
(D) Ultraviolet radiation
25. : The SI unit of energy is?
(A) Watt
(B) Joule
(C) Newton
(D) Volt
26. : In which layer of the atmosphere does weather mainly occur?
(A) Stratosphere
(B) Troposphere
(C) Mesosphere
(D) Exosphere
27. : Which gas is primarily responsible for acidification of oceans?
(A) Nitrous oxide
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Methane
(D) Sulfur dioxide
28. : Which form of renewable energy directly depends on the water cycle?
(A) Wind energy
(B) Hydropower
(C) Solar energy
(D) Biomass energy
29. : What is the approximate percentage of nitrogen in Earth’s atmosphere?
(A) 21%
(B) 50%
(C) 78%
(D) 10%
30. : Which instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
(A) Thermometer
(B) Barometer
(C) Hygrometer
(D) Anemometer
31. : Which radiation can pass through Earth’s atmosphere with the least absorption?
(A) Radio waves
(B) X-rays
(C) Gamma rays
(D) Ultraviolet radiation
32. : The energy emitted by Earth back into space is mainly in the form of?
(A) Ultraviolet radiation
(B) Infrared radiation
(C) Visible light
(D) X-rays
33. : Which phenomenon causes the twinkling of stars?
(A) Refraction of light by the atmosphere
(B) Reflection of light by clouds
(C) Scattering of light by dust
(D) Absorption of light by ozone
34. : The SI unit of electric power is?
(A) Joule
(B) Watt
(C) Volt
(D) Ampere
35. : Which gas is considered the most abundant greenhouse gas?
(A) Water vapor
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Methane
(D) Ozone
36. : The natural phenomenon responsible for keeping Earth’s average temperature suitable for life is?
(A) Greenhouse effect
(B) Ozone depletion
(C) Acid rain
(D) Albedo effect
37. : The process of energy transfer without the involvement of a medium is called?
(A) Conduction
(B) Convection
(C) Radiation
(D) Reflection
38. : Which layer of atmosphere protects us from meteoroids by burning them up?
(A) Troposphere
(B) Mesosphere
(C) Stratosphere
(D) Exosphere
39. : The ozone hole is most prominent over?
(A) Asia
(B) Antarctica
(C) North America
(D) Africa
40. : Which natural process produces oxygen in the atmosphere?
(A) Photosynthesis
(B) Respiration
(C) Combustion
(D) Decomposition
41. : Which property of the atmosphere decreases with altitude in the troposphere?
(A) Temperature
(B) Density
(C) Pressure
(D) All of the above
42. : What is the main component of smog?
(A) Ozone and particulate matter
(B) Carbon monoxide and nitrogen
(C) Hydrogen and helium
(D) Sulfur and chlorine
43. : Which cycle describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below Earth’s surface?
(A) Carbon cycle
(B) Nitrogen cycle
(C) Water cycle
(D) Oxygen cycle
44. : Which type of radiation is blocked by Earth’s magnetic field?
(A) Cosmic rays
(B) Infrared radiation
(C) Visible light
(D) Ultraviolet radiation
45. : The Keeling Curve measures the concentration of which gas?
(A) Nitrous oxide
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Methane
(D) Oxygen
46. : The main cause of sea-level rise is?
(A) Volcanic eruptions
(B) Melting of glaciers and ice sheets
(C) Earthquakes
(D) Expansion of deserts
47. : Which gas absorbs most of the outgoing longwave radiation from Earth?
(A) Oxygen
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Nitrogen
(D) Argon
48. : Which renewable energy source depends on Earth’s internal heat?
(A) Geothermal energy
(B) Biomass energy
(C) Solar energy
(D) Hydropower
49. : Which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed?
(A) Law of Entropy
(B) First Law of Thermodynamics
(C) Newton’s Second Law
(D) Stefan-Boltzmann Law
50. : The study of the physical properties and processes of Earth’s atmosphere is known as?
(A) Meteorology
(B) Astronomy
(C) Geology
(D) Hydrology