1. : Which technique is commonly used to measure air quality?
(A) Chromatography
(B) Gravimetric sampling
(C) DNA sequencing
(D) Microscopy
2. : The pH of water is most commonly measured using:
(A) pH meter
(B) Anemometer
(C) Spectrometer
(D) Turbidity meter
3. : Which technique is widely used for metal analysis in water?
(A) Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)
(B) Paper Chromatography
(C) Light microscopy
(D) Gel electrophoresis
4. : The Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) test is used to measure:
(A) Toxic gases
(B) Organic pollution in water
(C) Soil compaction
(D) Air temperature
5. : Which technique measures turbidity in water?
(A) Nephelometry
(B) Spectrophotometry
(C) Chromatography
(D) Gravimetry
6. : Which device is used to measure particulate matter in air pollution studies?
(A) High-volume sampler
(B) Spectrophotometer
(C) pH meter
(D) Lux meter
7. : Gas Chromatography (GC) is mainly used for:
(A) Heavy metals in water
(B) Separation of volatile compounds
(C) Soil texture analysis
(D) Air humidity measurement
8. : Which parameter is measured by a turbidimeter?
(A) Soil nutrients
(B) Water clarity
(C) Air pressure
(D) Wind speed
9. : The EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) includes:
(A) Monitoring air quality
(B) Predicting environmental impacts
(C) Socio-economic analysis
(D) All of the above
10. : Which method is used to determine Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in water?
(A) Gravimetric method
(B) Chromatography
(C) Calorimetry
(D) Polarography
11. : Which instrument is used to analyze greenhouse gases?
(A) Gas Chromatograph (GC)
(B) Soil auger
(C) Microscope
(D) Secchi disk
12. : The COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) test measures:
(A) Organic and inorganic pollutants in water
(B) Soil porosity
(C) Air pressure
(D) Radioactive isotopes
13. : Which technique is commonly used in soil heavy metal analysis?
(A) Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)
(B) DO meter
(C) Rain gauge
(D) Lux meter
14. : The noise level in the environment is measured using:
(A) Hygrometer
(B) Sound level meter
(C) Anemometer
(D) Barometer
15. : Which parameter is measured with a respirometer?
(A) Oxygen consumption by organisms
(B) Soil nutrients
(C) Rainfall intensity
(D) Plant biomass
16. : Which analytical technique separates compounds based on mass-to-charge ratio?
(A) Mass Spectrometry (MS)
(B) Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
(C) Nephelometry
(D) Titration
17. : The spectrophotometer is mainly used to measure:
(A) Absorbance of light by a sample
(B) Soil depth
(C) Air velocity
(D) Noise level
18. : Which technique is used for pesticide residue analysis?
(A) Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
(B) DO meter
(C) Lux meter
(D) Soil auger
19. : Which of the following is a biological indicator of water pollution?
(A) Coliform bacteria
(B) Soil auger
(C) Rain gauge
(D) Spectrophotometer
20. : The Secchi disk is used to measure:
(A) Soil hardness
(B) Light penetration in water
(C) Noise levels
(D) Air pressure
21. : Which instrument is used to measure radioactive pollution?
(A) Geiger-Muller counter
(B) Turbidimeter
(C) Respirometer
(D) Tensiometer
22. : The Eutrophication level in lakes is often measured by:
(A) Chlorophyll concentration
(B) Noise level
(C) Soil depth
(D) Barometric pressure
23. : Which environmental analysis technique identifies elements based on X-rays?
(A) X-ray Fluorescence (XRF)
(B) Gas Chromatography
(C) Spectrophotometry
(D) Turbidimetry
24. : Which method is used to determine pesticide contamination in soils?
(A) GC-MS
(B) DO test
(C) Nephelometry
(D) Gravimetry
25. : A lux meter is used to measure:
(A) Soil salinity
(B) Light intensity
(C) Water pH
(D) Air velocity
26. : The inductively coupled plasma (ICP) technique is used for:
(A) Trace metal detection
(B) Noise measurement
(C) Soil texture study
(D) Rainfall analysis
27. : Which method is used to measure total hardness in water?
(A) EDTA titration
(B) Gravimetric analysis
(C) GC-MS
(D) XRF
28. : Which parameter is measured in an air pollution index (API)?
(A) CO₂ levels
(B) Particulate matter
(C) SO₂ concentration
(D) All of the above
29. : Which device is used for continuous monitoring of air quality?
(A) Air Quality Monitoring Station
(B) Lux meter
(C) Clinometer
(D) DO meter
30. : Which environmental technique is used to analyze soil organic carbon?
(A) Walkley-Black method
(B) Gravimetry
(C) Nephelometry
(D) Gas Chromatography
31. : Which of the following is measured using a tensiometer?
(A) Soil water potential
(B) Air temperature
(C) Wind velocity
(D) Chlorophyll concentration
32. : Which instrument measures carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?
(A) Infrared Gas Analyzer
(B) Sound level meter
(C) Turbidimeter
(D) Penetrometer
33. : Which chemical method is used for phosphate analysis in water?
(A) Colorimetry
(B) Gravimetry
(C) Chromatography
(D) EDTA titration
34. : The Bioassay technique is used to:
(A) Measure biological responses to pollutants
(B) Estimate rainfall
(C) Measure soil compaction
(D) Record wind direction
35. : Which analytical method uses infrared radiation for analysis?
(A) FTIR spectroscopy
(B) Chromatography
(C) EDTA titration
(D) Nephelometry
36. : Which method is used to analyze microplastics in the environment?
(A) FTIR & Raman spectroscopy
(B) DO meter
(C) Tensiometer
(D) Rain gauge
37. : Which technique is used for analyzing groundwater contamination?
(A) Ion Chromatography
(B) Mass Spectrometry
(C) Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
(D) All of the above
38. : The gravimetric method is commonly used to determine:
(A) Suspended solids
(B) Gas emissions
(C) Soil microbes
(D) Water flow
39. : Which instrument is used for measuring ozone concentration?
(A) Ozone analyzer
(B) DO meter
(C) pH meter
(D) Lux meter
40. : Which laboratory method is used for measuring soil cation exchange capacity (CEC)?
(A) Ammonium acetate method
(B) Nephelometry
(C) Gravimetry
(D) Turbidity test
41. : Which device is used for measuring wind speed in environmental studies?
(A) Anemometer
(B) Barometer
(C) Turbidimeter
(D) Spectrophotometer
42. : Which method is used to analyze nitrogen in soil?
(A) Kjeldahl method
(B) Walkley-Black method
(C) EDTA titration
(D) Nephelometry
43. : Which of the following is a remote sensing technique in environmental analysis?
(A) Satellite imagery
(B) Mass spectrometry
(C) Turbidimetry
(D) Titration
44. : Which technique measures chlorophyll fluorescence in plants?
(A) Pulse-Amplitude Modulation (PAM) fluorometry
(B) Gas Chromatography
(C) Mass spectrometry
(D) Soil sieve analysis
45. : Which of the following pollutants is commonly monitored using ion chromatography?
(A) Nitrate and sulfate
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Methane
(D) Lead
46. : Which technique is most suitable for pesticide residue analysis in food?
(A) HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography)
(B) EDTA titration
(C) Turbidimetry
(D) Gravimetry
47. : Which of the following is a biological monitoring method?
(A) Bioindicators
(B) Bioassays
(C) Biomarkers
(D) All of the above
48. : Which parameter is commonly used to assess water pollution?
(A) BOD
(B) COD
(C) DO
(D) All of the above
49. : The indoor air quality is often analyzed for:
(A) Carbon monoxide
(B) Particulate matter
(C) Volatile organic compounds
(D) All of the above
50. : The ultimate goal of environmental analysis techniques is:
(A) To identify and quantify pollutants for sustainable management
(B) To eliminate biodiversity
(C) To avoid lab experiments
(D) To ignore environmental variability