1. : What is the branch of biology that deals with the interaction between organisms and their environment?
(A) Geology
(B) Ecology
(C) Botany
(D) Zoology
2. : The place where an organism lives is called its?
(A) Ecosystem
(B) Niche
(C) Habitat
(D) Community
3. : A group of organisms of the same species living in a given area is known as?
(A) Community
(B) Population
(C) Ecosystem
(D) Biome
4. : Which of the following is a biotic factor?
(A) Temperature
(B) Rainfall
(C) Soil
(D) Plants
5. : The sum of all ecosystems on Earth is called?
(A) Hydrosphere
(B) Atmosphere
(C) Biosphere
(D) Lithosphere
6. : Which of the following is an example of a producer in an ecosystem?
(A) Lion
(B) Grass
(C) Eagle
(D) Snake
7. : In a food chain, primary consumers are usually?
(A) Carnivores
(B) Herbivores
(C) Omnivores
(D) Decomposers
8. : Which term describes species that are found only in a particular region?
(A) Invasive species
(B) Endemic species
(C) Migratory species
(D) Exotic species
9. : Which of the following is an example of mutualism?
(A) Lion and zebra
(B) Bee and flower
(C) Tapeworm and human
(D) Cat and mouse
10. : Decomposers play an important role in ecosystems because they?
(A) Produce energy
(B) Recycle nutrients
(C) Store water
(D) Control populations
11. : Which biome is characterized by low rainfall and cactus plants?
(A) Tundra
(B) Desert
(C) Rainforest
(D) Grassland
12. : What term describes the role an organism plays in its ecosystem?
(A) Habitat
(B) Niche
(C) Population
(D) Community
13. : Which of the following is an abiotic factor?
(A) Fungi
(B) Bacteria
(C) Temperature
(D) Trees
14. : The transfer of energy from one trophic level to the next is usually about?
(A) 100%
(B) 90%
(C) 50%
(D) 10%
15. : Which cycle involves the movement of carbon through the atmosphere, organisms, and soil?
(A) Nitrogen cycle
(B) Water cycle
(C) Carbon cycle
(D) Oxygen cycle
16. : In ecological succession, the first species to colonize an area are called?
(A) Climax species
(B) Pioneer species
(C) Endangered species
(D) Exotic species
17. : Which of the following is the largest terrestrial biome on Earth?
(A) Desert
(B) Grassland
(C) Taiga (Boreal forest)
(D) Tundra
18. : The relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed is called?
(A) Mutualism
(B) Parasitism
(C) Commensalism
(D) Symbiosis
19. : An ecological pyramid that shows energy flow is called?
(A) Pyramid of numbers
(B) Pyramid of biomass
(C) Pyramid of energy
(D) Pyramid of life
20. : Which organisms are at the top of most food chains?
(A) Producers
(B) Decomposers
(C) Apex predators
(D) Primary consumers
21. : The gradual change in species composition of an area over time is called?
(A) Evolution
(B) Ecological succession
(C) Adaptation
(D) Extinction
22. : Which gas is released during photosynthesis?
(A) Oxygen
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Nitrogen
(D) Methane
23. : Which of the following is an example of commensalism?
(A) Remora fish and shark
(B) Cow and grass
(C) Human and mosquito
(D) Wolf and deer
24. : Which biome is known as the “lungs of the planet”?
(A) Grassland
(B) Desert
(C) Tropical rainforest
(D) Tundra
25. : The organisms that break down dead organic matter are called?
(A) Herbivores
(B) Carnivores
(C) Producers
(D) Decomposers
26. : Which biome is dominated by grasses and few trees, with seasonal rainfall?
(A) Grassland
(B) Desert
(C) Tundra
(D) Rainforest
27. : The variety of life forms in a given area is referred to as?
(A) Biomass
(B) Biodiversity
(C) Biome
(D) Biosphere
28. : Which factor is responsible for the distribution of terrestrial biomes?
(A) Soil and climate
(B) Latitude only
(C) Altitude only
(D) Sunlight only
29. : Which type of succession occurs on bare rock after a volcanic eruption?
(A) Primary succession
(B) Secondary succession
(C) Climax succession
(D) Tertiary succession
30. : Which of the following is an example of a keystone species?
(A) Sea otter
(B) Grasshopper
(C) Rabbit
(D) Sparrow