1. : The main goal of community nutrition is to:
(A) Improve nutritional status of individuals only
(B) Prevent and control nutrition-related diseases in populations
(C) Focus solely on clinical nutrition
(D) Develop food industries
2. : Which of the following is a major public health nutrition problem in developing countries?
(A) Obesity only
(B) Vitamin A deficiency
(C) Diabetes mellitus
(D) Hypertension
3. : The Mid-Day Meal Program in schools primarily aims to:
(A) Promote sports activity
(B) Improve attendance and nutritional status of children
(C) Reduce teacher workload
(D) Encourage private schooling
4. : WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first:
(A) 3 months
(B) 4 months
(C) 6 months
(D) 12 months
5. : The main source of iron in the diet is:
(A) Milk
(B) Green leafy vegetables
(C) Butter
(D) Sugar
6. : The main cause of goiter is deficiency of:
(A) Iron
(B) Iodine
(C) Vitamin A
(D) Zinc
7. : Which organization runs the “Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)” program in India?
(A) WHO
(B) UNICEF
(C) Government of India
(D) FAO
8. : Nutritional surveillance means:
(A) Food preservation
(B) Continuous monitoring of nutrition status of a community
(C) Clinical treatment of malnutrition
(D) Food marketing
9. : Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) mainly affects:
(A) Adults
(B) Elderly
(C) Preschool children
(D) Pregnant women
10. : The main cause of rickets is deficiency of:
(A) Vitamin D
(B) Vitamin K
(C) Calcium
(D) Iron
11. : Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?
(A) Vitamin B₁₂
(B) Vitamin C
(C) Vitamin A
(D) Niacin
12. : The disease caused by Vitamin A deficiency is:
(A) Pellagra
(B) Night blindness
(C) Beriberi
(D) Rickets
13. : Nutrition education aims to:
(A) Teach cooking only
(B) Promote desirable food habits and practices
(C) Reduce agricultural work
(D) Increase sugar consumption
14. : The term “hidden hunger” refers to deficiency of:
(A) Macronutrients
(B) Energy
(C) Micronutrients
(D) Water
15. : The main function of dietary fiber is to:
(A) Provide energy
(B) Aid digestion and prevent constipation
(C) Increase protein synthesis
(D) Produce vitamins
16. : Which nutrient deficiency causes anemia?
(A) Calcium
(B) Iodine
(C) Iron
(D) Vitamin C
17. : Which of the following is a community-based nutrition intervention?
(A) Hospital diet therapy
(B) Nutrition counseling for rural mothers
(C) Genetic modification of crops
(D) Pharmaceutical trials
18. : The term “malnutrition” includes:
(A) Only undernutrition
(B) Only overnutrition
(C) Both undernutrition and overnutrition
(D) Infectious diseases
19. : The National Nutrition Policy primarily focuses on:
(A) Food export
(B) Improving nutritional status of the population
(C) Urban planning
(D) Crop diversification
20. : The main nutritional problem among pregnant women is:
(A) Obesity
(B) Iron-deficiency anemia
(C) Goiter
(D) Vitamin C deficiency
21. : Kwashiorkor is primarily caused by deficiency of:
(A) Carbohydrates
(B) Proteins
(C) Fats
(D) Vitamins
22. : Marasmus is a result of:
(A) Protein deficiency only
(B) Calorie deficiency
(C) Vitamin deficiency
(D) Mineral deficiency
23. : Community nutrition programs target:
(A) Individual patients
(B) Entire populations or specific groups
(C) Hospital staff
(D) Food manufacturers
24. : Which of the following is an indicator of chronic malnutrition?
(A) Weight-for-age
(B) Height-for-age
(C) Weight-for-height
(D) Mid-arm circumference
25. : The body mass index (BMI) is calculated as:
(A) Weight × Height
(B) Height ÷ Weight
(C) Weight ÷ Height²
(D) Weight² ÷ Height
26. : A BMI value below 18.5 indicates:
(A) Obesity
(B) Normal weight
(C) Underweight
(D) Overweight
27. : Which mineral helps in the prevention of dental caries?
(A) Fluoride
(B) Iron
(C) Calcium
(D) Iodine
28. : Pellagra is caused by a deficiency of:
(A) Thiamine
(B) Niacin
(C) Vitamin C
(D) Folic acid
29. : The daily energy requirement depends mainly on:
(A) Age, sex, and physical activity
(B) Blood group
(C) Height only
(D) Sleep duration
30. : The primary function of carbohydrates is to:
(A) Build tissue
(B) Provide energy
(C) Regulate hormones
(D) Absorb calcium
31. : Vitamin K plays a key role in:
(A) Blood clotting
(B) Vision
(C) Nerve function
(D) Growth
32. : Which of the following is considered a lifestyle disease?
(A) Scurvy
(B) Diabetes mellitus
(C) Beriberi
(D) Rickets
33. : The term “food security” means:
(A) Availability and access to safe and nutritious food for all
(B) Import of food from other countries
(C) Food preservation
(D) Restaurant hygiene
34. : Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon sunlight exposure?
(A) Vitamin B₁
(B) Vitamin C
(C) Vitamin D
(D) Vitamin K
35. : The deficiency of Vitamin C causes:
(A) Scurvy
(B) Pellagra
(C) Rickets
(D) Anemia
36. : Night blindness can be prevented by consuming foods rich in:
(A) Iron
(B) Vitamin A
(C) Vitamin E
(D) Vitamin B₂
37. : The measurement “mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC)” is used for assessing:
(A) Dehydration
(B) Protein-energy malnutrition
(C) Blood pressure
(D) Obesity
38. : Which vitamin helps in the absorption of calcium?
(A) Vitamin C
(B) Vitamin D
(C) Vitamin B₁₂
(D) Vitamin K
39. : The main symptom of iodine deficiency is:
(A) Rickets
(B) Goiter
(C) Pellagra
(D) Anemia
40. : Which of the following groups is most vulnerable to malnutrition?
(A) Adults
(B) School teachers
(C) Pregnant women and children
(D) Office workers
41. : The main cause of obesity is:
(A) Energy intake greater than energy expenditure
(B) Protein deficiency
(C) Iron deficiency
(D) Vitamin deficiency
42. : Nutrition rehabilitation centers primarily deal with:
(A) Infectious diseases
(B) Malnourished children
(C) Geriatric care
(D) Surgical cases
43. : The most common form of malnutrition worldwide is:
(A) Protein deficiency
(B) Iron-deficiency anemia
(C) Vitamin A deficiency
(D) Obesity
44. : Zinc deficiency is associated with:
(A) Hair loss and poor wound healing
(B) Night blindness
(C) Bleeding gums
(D) Bone deformities
45. : The best method to prevent vitamin A deficiency is:
(A) Increase consumption of liver, eggs, and carrots
(B) Reduce sunlight exposure
(C) Avoid fats
(D) Drink more milk only
46. : Dietary diversification means:
(A) Eating the same food daily
(B) Consuming a variety of foods to ensure nutrient adequacy
(C) Using supplements only
(D) Reducing food intake
47. : The main component of the growth monitoring chart is:
(A) Weight-for-age
(B) Height-for-age
(C) BMI
(D) Head circumference
48. : The main purpose of food fortification is to:
(A) Improve taste
(B) Increase shelf life
(C) Add essential nutrients to foods
(D) Reduce calories
49. : The key strategy to prevent iron-deficiency anemia is:
(A) Use of iron-fortified foods
(B) Drinking more water
(C) Increasing sugar intake
(D) Avoiding vegetables
50. : The “Triple Burden of Malnutrition” includes:
(A) Underweight, obesity, and micronutrient deficiencies
(B) Only underweight
(C) Infectious diseases
(D) Vitamin excess