1. : Who was the first military ruler of Pakistan?
(A) General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
(B) General Pervez Musharraf
(C) General Ayub Khan
(D) General Yahya Khan
2. : Which year did General Ayub Khan impose the first martial law in Pakistan?
(A) 1958
(B) 1969
(C) 1977
(D) 1999
3. : Who succeeded General Ayub Khan as the military ruler of Pakistan?
(A) General Pervez Musharraf
(B) General Yahya Khan
(C) General Zia-ul-Haq
(D) General Raheel Sharif
4. : The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan established Pakistan as a:
(A) Military state
(B) Federal parliamentary republic
(C) Presidential system
(D) Monarchy
5. : Which military leader imposed martial law in 1977?
(A) General Ayub Khan
(B) General Zia-ul-Haq
(C) General Pervez Musharraf
(D) General Yahya Khan
6. : The term “civil-military relations” primarily refers to the relationship between:
(A) Army and foreign countries
(B) Military forces and civilian government
(C) Military and judiciary
(D) Civil society and judiciary
7. : The “Doctrine of Necessity” in Pakistan is used to:
(A) Justify military coups
(B) Promote democracy
(C) Strengthen judiciary independence
(D) Limit military power
8. : Which military ruler signed the Simla Agreement with India in 1972?
(A) General Zia-ul-Haq
(B) General Pervez Musharraf
(C) General Yahya Khan
(D) General Ayub Khan
9. : The Pakistan Army played a significant role in which war of 1965?
(A) Indo-Pak War
(B) Kargil Conflict
(C) Gulf War
(D) Bangladesh Liberation War
10. : Which military leader launched the “Islamization” policy in Pakistan?
(A) General Pervez Musharraf
(B) General Ayub Khan
(C) General Yahya Khan
(D) General Zia-ul-Haq
11. : Who was the military ruler during the Kargil Conflict in 1999?
(A) General Ayub Khan
(B) General Yahya Khan
(C) General Pervez Musharraf
(D) General Zia-ul-Haq
12. : The 1999 coup in Pakistan was led by:
(A) General Zia-ul-Haq
(B) General Pervez Musharraf
(C) General Yahya Khan
(D) General Raheel Sharif
13. : Pakistan’s military has traditionally considered itself the:
(A) Guardian of the Constitution
(B) Symbol of democracy
(C) Political party leader
(D) Foreign policy advisor
14. : Which institution in Pakistan has often influenced civilian governments?
(A) Election Commission
(B) Military
(C) Media
(D) Judiciary
15. : The term “civil supremacy” refers to:
(A) Military control over civilians
(B) Civilian control over the military
(C) Military dominance in politics
(D) Judiciary control over military
16. : Which military ruler ruled Pakistan for the longest period?
(A) General Pervez Musharraf
(B) General Ayub Khan
(C) General Zia-ul-Haq
(D) General Yahya Khan
17. : The judiciary in Pakistan has at times legitimized military coups through:
(A) Review petitions
(B) The Doctrine of Necessity
(C) Public protests
(D) Referendums
18. : Pakistan’s first Prime Minister was:
(A) Liaquat Ali Khan
(B) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
(C) Nawaz Sharif
(D) Benazir Bhutto
19. : The military coup of 1977 overthrew which civilian government?
(A) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s government
(B) Benazir Bhutto’s government
(C) Nawaz Sharif’s government
(D) Liaquat Ali Khan’s government
20. : Which body oversees the defense policy in Pakistan?
(A) Parliament
(B) National Security Council
(C) Supreme Court
(D) Election Commission
21. : The term “martial law” means:
(A) Civilian government rule
(B) Military rule overriding civil laws
(C) Judicial review of laws
(D) Parliamentary session
22. : Which Prime Minister was executed following a military coup?
(A) Nawaz Sharif
(B) Benazir Bhutto
(C) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
(D) Liaquat Ali Khan
23. : The 18th Amendment to Pakistan’s Constitution primarily sought to:
(A) Increase military powers
(B) Strengthen provincial autonomy and civilian supremacy
(C) Abolish civilian government
(D) Introduce martial law
24. : Pakistan’s military is structured under:
(A) Civilian government authority
(B) Military generals only
(C) International forces
(D) United Nations command
25. : Who was Pakistan’s President after the 1999 military coup?
(A) Ghulam Ishaq Khan
(B) Pervez Musharraf
(C) Farooq Leghari
(D) Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
26. : Which institution’s independence is crucial for balancing civil-military relations?
(A) Election Commission
(B) Judiciary
(C) Military Intelligence
(D) Media
27. : The National Security Council of Pakistan was institutionalized in which year?
(A) 1999
(B) 2004
(C) 1977
(D) 1958
28. : Which Prime Minister faced dismissal due to alleged interference by the military?
(A) Benazir Bhutto
(B) Nawaz Sharif
(C) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
(D) Liaquat Ali Khan
29. : The military’s involvement in politics in Pakistan has been justified often by:
(A) Economic crises
(B) Political instability
(C) International pressure
(D) Judicial orders
30. : The “Kargil Conflict” occurred during the tenure of which military ruler?
(A) General Zia-ul-Haq
(B) General Yahya Khan
(C) General Pervez Musharraf
(D) General Ayub Khan
31. : Which military ruler introduced the “Devolution Plan” in Pakistan?
(A) General Zia-ul-Haq
(B) General Pervez Musharraf
(C) General Ayub Khan
(D) General Yahya Khan
32. : The term “civil-military imbalance” in Pakistan refers to:
(A) Military dominance over civilian institutions
(B) Civilian dominance over military
(C) Balance of power between provinces
(D) Foreign influence on military
33. : Which institution has occasionally acted as a mediator between the military and civilian government in Pakistan?
(A) Election Commission
(B) Judiciary
(C) Parliament
(D) Media
34. : The Pakistan military has been involved in politics how many times through coups?
(A) Two
(B) Three
(C) Four
(D) Five
35. : The military’s influence in Pakistan’s foreign policy is most visible regarding:
(A) Relations with India and Afghanistan
(B) Trade agreements with Europe
(C) Environmental policies
(D) Education reforms
36. : Which civilian government was overthrown by General Yahya Khan?
(A) Ayub Khan’s government
(B) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s government
(C) Liaquat Ali Khan’s government
(D) Benazir Bhutto’s government
37. : The 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War led to:
(A) Strengthening of civil-military relations
(B) Military defeat and political crisis in Pakistan
(C) Military victory for Pakistan
(D) No impact on politics
38. : Which democratic leader emphasized civil supremacy during her tenure?
(A) Benazir Bhutto
(B) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
(C) Nawaz Sharif
(D) Imran Khan
39. : General Raheel Sharif retired in which year?
(A) 2013
(B) 2015
(C) 2016
(D) 2017
40. : Which article of the Constitution ensures civilian control over the armed forces?
(A) Article 6
(B) Article 90
(C) Article 243
(D) Article 19
41. : What is the primary function of Pakistan’s ISPR?
(A) Election monitoring
(B) Judicial reviews
(C) Military’s public relations and media operations
(D) Economic policy drafting
42. : Who appoints the Chief of Army Staff in Pakistan?
(A) Chief Justice
(B) President
(C) Prime Minister
(D) Senate
43. : Which year marked the resignation of Pervez Musharraf as President?
(A) 2006
(B) 2008
(C) 2010
(D) 2012
44. : Pakistan’s National Security Policy (2022) emphasized:
(A) Military expansion
(B) Civil-military harmony
(C) Isolationist policy
(D) Martial law
45. : The military’s economic footprint is managed by which body?
(A) Army Welfare Trust
(B) National Assembly
(C) Prime Minister Office
(D) Pakistan Economic Council
46. : Who led the Pakistan Army during the 1965 war?
(A) General Tikka Khan
(B) General Musa Khan
(C) General Asif Nawaz
(D) General Ayub Khan
47. : Which military regime conducted the 2002 elections?
(A) General Zia-ul-Haq
(B) General Yahya Khan
(C) General Ayub Khan
(D) General Pervez Musharraf
48. : The ISI is primarily responsible for:
(A) Economic policy
(B) Military strategy
(C) Intelligence gathering
(D) Education planning
49. : Which general replaced General Raheel Sharif as COAS in 2016?
(A) General Qamar Javed Bajwa
(B) General Asim Munir
(C) General Nadeem Raza
(D) General Ashfaq Kiyani
50. : The concept of “Hybrid Regime” in Pakistan implies:
(A) Total democracy
(B) Joint civil and military governance
(C) Presidential system
(D) Federalism