1. What is a lead-acid battery?
(A) A type of primary battery that uses lead and lead oxide plates as electrodes and sulfuric acid as electrolyte
(B) A type of secondary battery that uses lead and lead oxide plates as electrodes and sulfuric acid as electrolyte
(C) A type of tertiary battery that uses lead and lead oxide plates as electrodes and sulfuric acid as electrolyte
(D) A type of quaternary battery that uses lead and lead oxide plates as electrodes and sulfuric acid as electrolyte
2. What are the advantages of lead-acid batteries?
(A) Heavy weight, low energy density, and environmental pollution
(B) High energy density, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect
(C) Low-cost, high-power output, long service life, and easy recycling
(D) High self-discharge rate, memory effect, and safety risks
3. What are the disadvantages of lead-acid batteries?
(A) Low-cost, high-power output, long service life, and easy recycling
(B) High energy density, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect
(C) High self-discharge rate, memory effect, and safety risks
(D) Heavy weight, low energy density, and environmental pollution
4. What are the applications of lead-acid batteries?
(A) Portable devices such as smartphones, laptops, cameras, and electric vehicles
(B) Starting, lighting and ignition (SLI) of vehicles such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, and buses
(C) Stationary applications such as grid energy storage and backup power
(D) None of the above
5. What are the common faults and causes in a lead-acid battery?
(A) Sulfation, water loss, corrosion, short circuit, and thermal runaway
(B) Internal short circuit, external short circuit, overcharge, over discharge, and thermal runaway
(C) Leakage, explosion, discharge, sulfation, and water loss
(D) None of the above
6. What is an alkaline battery?
(A) A type of tertiary battery that uses an alkaline electrolyte, usually lithium hydroxide, and lithium and iron as electrodes
(B) A type of secondary battery that uses an alkaline electrolyte, usually sodium hydroxide, and nickel and cadmium as electrodes
(C) A type of primary battery that uses an alkaline electrolyte, usually potassium hydroxide, and zinc and manganese dioxide as electrodes
(D) A type of quaternary battery that uses an alkaline electrolyte, usually ammonium hydroxide, and copper and zinc as electrodes
7. What are the advantages of alkaline batteries?
(A) High self-discharge rate, memory effect, and safety risks
(B) High power output, long cycle life, light weight, and environmental friendliness
(C) Heavy weight, low energy density, and environmental pollution
(D) Low-cost, high-energy density, good performance in various devices and temperatures, and easy availability
8. What are the disadvantages of alkaline batteries?
(A) Low-cost, high-energy density, good performance in various devices and temperatures, and easy availability
(B) High power output, long cycle life, light weight, and environmental friendliness
(C) High self-discharge rate, memory effect, and safety risks
(D) Heavy weight, low energy density, and environmental pollution
9. What are the applications of alkaline batteries?
(A) Portable devices such as smartphones, laptops, cameras, and electric vehicles
(B) Household and portable devices such as flashlights, toys, remote controls, radios, clocks, cameras, and smoke detectors
(C) Stationary applications such as grid energy storage and backup power
(D) None of the above
10. What are the common faults and causes in an alkaline battery?
(A) Corrosion, open circuit, ground fault, overheating, and tap changer failure
(B) Internal short circuit, external short circuit, overcharge, over discharge, and thermal runaway
(C) Leakage, explosion, discharge, sulfation, and water loss
(D) None of the above
11. What is a lithium-ion battery?
(A) A type of primary battery that uses lithium metal as an electrode
(B) A type of secondary battery that uses lithium ions as the main charge carrier
(C) A type of tertiary battery that uses lithium alloys as an electrode
(D) A type of quaternary battery that uses lithium salts as the electrolyte
12. What are the advantages of lithium-ion batteries?
(A) Heavy weight, low energy density, and environmental pollution
(B) Low-cost, high-power output, and long service life
(C) High energy density, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect
(D) High self-discharge rate, memory effect, and safety risks
13. What are the disadvantages of lithium-ion batteries?
(A) High self-discharge rate, memory effect, and safety risks
(B) Low power output, short cycle life, light weight, and environmental friendliness
(C) Heavy weight, low energy density, and environmental pollution
(D) High cost, safety risks, aging effects, and limited temperature range
14. What are the applications of lithium-ion batteries?
(A) Portable devices such as smartphones, laptops, cameras, and electric vehicles
(B) Stationary applications such as grid energy storage and backup power
(C) Both A and B
(D) Neither A nor B
15. What are the common faults and causes in a lithium-ion battery?
(A) None of the above
(B) Leakage, explosion, discharge, sulfation, and water loss
(C) Corrosion, open circuit, ground fault, overheating, and tap changer failure
(D) Internal short circuit, external short circuit, overcharge, over discharge, and thermal runaway
16. What are the remedies for the common faults in a lithium-ion battery?
(A) Disconnecting from the power source and cooling down with a fan or water spray
(B) Both A and B
(C) Recharging with a proper charger or replacing with a new one if needed
(D) Neither A nor B
17. What is the nominal voltage of a lithium-ion battery cell?
(A) 1.2 volts
(B) 3.6 volts
(C) 1.5 volts
(D) 4.8 volts
18. What are the common positive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries?
(A) Nickel metal hydride or other nickel alloys
(B) Graphite or other carbon materials
(C) Lead or lead oxide plates
(D) Lithium cobalt oxide or other lithium metal oxides
19. What are the common negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries?
(A) Graphite or other carbon materials
(B) Lithium cobalt oxide or other lithium metal oxides
(C) Lead or lead oxide plates
(D) Nickel metal hydride or other nickel alloys
20. What type of battery can be recharged and used multiple times?
(A) Secondary battery
(B) Primary battery
(C) Tertiary battery
(D) Quaternary battery
21. What type of hazard can cause electric shock, burns, or fire if the battery is short-circuited, overcharged, or overheated?
(A) Electrical hazard
(B) Chemical hazard
(C) Mechanical hazard
(D) Biological hazard
22. What type of protective equipment should be worn when handling batteries?
(A) Gloves, eyewear, and hardhat
(B) Gloves, eyewear, and apron
(C) Gloves, eyewear, and mask
(D) Gloves, eyewear, and earplugs
23. What should be done if a battery leaks electrolyte?
(A) Ignore it and continue using the battery
(B) Remove it from the device and clean the affected area with a damp cloth or a bleach solution
(C) Remove it from the device and clean the affected area with a damp cloth or a vinegar solution
(D) Remove it from the device and clean the affected area with a damp cloth or a baking soda solution