1. Ethology is the study of:
(A) Animal physiology
(B) Animal anatomy
(C) Animal behavior
(D) Animal genetics
2. Fixed action patterns are:
(A) Random movements
(B) Learned behaviors
(C) Innate, stereotyped behaviors
(D) Mimicry only
3. Innate behavior is:
(A) Mimicry only
(B) Learned through experience
(C) Random only
(D) Present at birth and genetically determined
4. Learned behavior is:
(A) Stereotyped only
(B) Present at birth
(C) Acquired through experience or training
(D) Instinct only
5. Imprinting is:
(A) Random wandering
(B) A genetic mutation
(C) A rapid learning process during a critical period
(D) Predator avoidance only
6. Habituation is:
(A) Decreased response to a repeated stimulus
(B) Increased response to a stimulus
(C) Aggression
(D) Mating behavior
7. Classical conditioning was demonstrated by:
(A) Lorenz
(B) Darwin
(C) Pavlov
(D) Tinbergen
8. Operant conditioning was studied by:
(A) B.F. Skinner
(B) Pavlov
(C) Lorenz
(D) Darwin
9. Territorial behavior is:
(A) Group foraging
(B) Random wandering
(C) Nest building
(D) Defending a specific area against intruders
10. Courtship behavior is:
(A) Behavior to attract a mate
(B) Aggressive behavior only
(C) Defensive behavior only
(D) Foraging behavior only
11. Agonistic behavior includes:
(A) Migration
(B) Only mating
(C) Only foraging
(D) Threat, submission, and fighting
12. Altruistic behavior is:
(A) Behavior that benefits others at a cost to oneself
(B) Aggression
(C) Feeding only
(D) Territorial marking
13. Kin selection explains:
(A) Mating rituals
(B) Altruism towards relatives
(C) Predator avoidance
(D) Territoriality
14. Foraging behavior is:
(A) Migration
(B) Territorial defense
(C) Courtship only
(D) Searching and obtaining food
15. Migration is:
(A) Random wandering
(B) Seasonal movement of animals
(C) Predator attack
(D) Nest building
16. Navigation in birds involves:
(A) Taste only
(B) Random movement only
(C) Smell only
(D) Sun, stars, and earth’s magnetic field
17. Social behavior in animals includes:
(A) Individual hunting only
(B) Cooperation, communication, and hierarchy
(C) Solitary feeding only
(D) Random wandering
18. Communication in animals can be:
(A) Only auditory
(B) Only visual
(C) Visual, auditory, chemical, or tactile
(D) Only chemical
19. Pheromones are:
(A) Random smells
(B) Visual signals only
(C) Auditory signals only
(D) Chemical signals used in communication
20. Dominance hierarchy is:
(A) Courtship ritual
(B) Foraging pattern
(C) Social ranking among group members
(D) Random aggregation
21. Play behavior is mostly seen in:
(A) Young animals for learning and practice
(B) Only adults
(C) Only predators
(D) Only herbivores
22. Aggressive behavior is used for:
(A) Defense, competition, or territory
(B) Only mating
(C) Foraging
(D) Migration
23. Dominant animals in a group:
(A) Are weak
(B) Always avoid resources
(C) Have priority access to resources
(D) Are solitary only
24. Submissive animals:
(A) Mate first
(B) Attack dominants
(C) Avoid conflicts with dominant animals
(D) Always forage alone
25. Circadian rhythm is:
(A) Random activity
(B) Seasonal movement
(C) Daily biological cycle
(D) Only nocturnal behavior
26. Circannual rhythm refers to:
(A) Daily cycle
(B) Annual biological cycle
(C) Monthly cycle
(D) Random activity
27. Migration is an example of:
(A) Random movement
(B) Circadian rhythm
(C) Circannual rhythm
(D) Play behavior
28. Hibernation is:
(A) Foraging behavior
(B) Migration
(C) Seasonal dormancy in cold months
(D) Courtship behavior
29. Estivation is:
(A) Dormancy during cold
(B) Dormancy during hot/dry periods
(C) Migration
(D) Play behavior
30. Predator-prey interactions influence:
(A) Only predator behavior
(B) Evolution and behavior of both
(C) Only prey behavior
(D) None
31. Mating systems include:
(A) Only monogamy
(B) Monogamy, polygyny, polyandry
(C) Only polygyny
(D) Only polyandry
32. Courtship display ensures:
(A) Migration
(B) Only feeding
(C) Predator attack
(D) Successful mating
33. Territorial marking can be done by:
(A) Only movement
(B) Only vocalization
(C) Only posture
(D) Scent, urine, feces, or visual signs
34. Altruism can be explained by:
(A) Random chance
(B) Inclusive fitness
(C) Predation only
(D) Migration
35. Play helps animals:
(A) Only reproduce
(B) Only feed
(C) Learn social and motor skills
(D) Only migrate
36. Grooming in animals is:
(A) Fighting
(B) Hunting
(C) Cleaning themselves or each other
(D) Migration
37. Cooperative hunting is seen in:
(A) Frogs
(B) Wolves and lions
(C) Snakes
(D) Turtles
38. Schooling in fish is an example of:
(A) Social behavior for protection and feeding
(B) Random movement
(C) Territoriality
(D) Courtship
39. Flocking in birds helps:
(A) Only mating
(B) Feeding alone
(C) Solitary reproduction
(D) Migration and predator avoidance
40. Herding in mammals helps:
(A) Only mating
(B) Solitary feeding
(C) Protection against predators
(D) Random wandering
41. Signal communication includes:
(A) Only visual
(B) Visual, auditory, chemical, tactile signals
(C) Only chemical
(D) Only tactile
42. Learning in animals can be:
(A) Only mimicry
(B) Only instinct
(C) Habituation, conditioning, trial-and-error
(D) Only migration
43. Tool use in animals is an example of:
(A) Migration
(B) Instinct only
(C) Random movement
(D) Advanced cognitive behavior
44. Social insects communicate by:
(A) Pheromones
(B) Vocalization
(C) Visual signals only
(D) Random signals
45. Altruism in social insects ensures:
(A) Survival of the colony
(B) Individual reproduction only
(C) Hunting only
(D) Migration
46. Migration helps animals to:
(A) Only fight
(B) Sleep
(C) Find food, breeding grounds, and favorable climate
(D) Only groom
47. Dominance hierarchy reduces:
(A) Courtship
(B) Foraging
(C) Migration
(D) Conflicts in social groups
48. Courtship rituals often involve:
(A) Sleeping
(B) Only feeding
(C) Display of colors, sounds, or dances
(D) Random movement
49. Animal cognition involves:
(A) Only instinct
(B) Learning, memory, problem-solving
(C) Only movement
(D) Only migration
50. Ethology helps in understanding:
(A) Only anatomy
(B) Behavior for conservation and management
(C) Only physiology
(D) Only genetics