1. Animal anatomy is the study of:
(A) Genetics of animals
(B) Behavior of animals
(C) Structure of animals
(D) Physiology of animals
2. Vertebrate skeleton is called:
(A) Exoskeleton
(B) Endoskeleton
(C) Cartilaginous shell
(D) Chitinous cover
3. Invertebrates mainly have:
(A) No skeleton
(B) Endoskeleton
(C) Exoskeleton
(D) Cartilaginous skeleton
4. Axial skeleton includes:
(A) Muscles only
(B) Limbs
(C) Pectoral and pelvic girdles
(D) Skull, vertebral column, and ribs
5. Appendicular skeleton includes:
(A) Vertebral column only
(B) Skull only
(C) Limbs and girdles
(D) Ribs only
6. Skull is made of:
(A) Ribs only
(B) Vertebrae only
(C) Cranium and facial bones
(D) Limbs only
7. Vertebral column is composed of:
(A) Vertebrae
(B) Ribs only
(C) Skull only
(D) Sternum only
8. Ribs are attached to:
(A) Lumbar vertebrae
(B) Thoracic vertebrae
(C) Cervical vertebrae
(D) Sacral vertebrae
9. Sternum is:
(A) Backbone
(B) Breastbone
(C) Skull bone
(D) Limb bone
10. Pectoral girdle consists of:
(A) Hip bones
(B) Scapula and clavicle
(C) Vertebrae
(D) Ribs
11. Pelvic girdle connects:
(A) Skull to vertebrae
(B) Forelimbs only
(C) Hind limbs to vertebral column
(D) Ribs to sternum
12. Forelimbs of vertebrates are used for:
(A) Reproduction
(B) Breathing
(C) Digestion
(D) Walking, grasping, swimming, flying
13. Hind limbs of vertebrates are used for:
(A) Locomotion
(B) Digestion
(C) Respiration
(D) Reproduction
14. Fish have fins instead of:
(A) Skull
(B) Lungs
(C) Limbs
(D) Vertebrae
15. Amphibians have:
(A) Four limbs
(B) Two limbs only
(C) Fins only
(D) No limbs
16. Reptiles have:
(A) Fins only
(B) Two limbs only
(C) Four limbs (sometimes modified)
(D) No limbs
17. Birds have forelimbs modified as:
(A) Wings
(B) Legs
(C) Fins
(D) Claws only
18. Birds have hind limbs for:
(A) Swimming only
(B) Flying
(C) Walking or perching
(D) Digestion
19. Mammalian forelimbs are adapted for:
(A) Respiration
(B) Swimming only
(C) Digestion
(D) Walking, flying, grasping, swimming
20. Mammalian hind limbs are adapted for:
(A) Reproduction only
(B) Digestion
(C) Respiration
(D) Locomotion
21. Fish gills are supported by:
(A) Vertebrae
(B) Limbs
(C) Gill arches
(D) Skull bones
22. Amphibians respire through:
(A) Only lungs
(B) Skin, lungs, and gills (larvae)
(C) Only gills
(D) Only spiracles
23. Reptiles respire through:
(A) Lungs
(B) Gills
(C) Skin only
(D) Spiracles only
24. Birds have:
(A) Lungs with air sacs
(B) Gills
(C) Skin respiration only
(D) Lungs without air sacs
25. Mammals have:
(A) Gills
(B) Lungs with diaphragm
(C) Air sacs only
(D) Skin respiration only
26. Vertebrate digestive system is:
(A) Incomplete
(B) Complete (mouth to anus)
(C) Absent
(D) Single-chambered only
27. Vertebrates show:
(A) Only carnivorous adaptation
(B) No specialization
(C) Digestive specialization according to diet
(D) Only herbivorous adaptation
28. Fish heart is:
(A) Two-chambered
(B) Three-chambered
(C) Four-chambered
(D) Five-chambered
29. Amphibian heart is:
(A) Three-chambered
(B) Two-chambered
(C) Four-chambered
(D) One-chambered
30. Reptile heart is:
(A) Four-chambered
(B) Two-chambered
(C) Three-chambered (except crocodiles)
(D) One-chambered
31. Crocodile heart is:
(A) Five-chambered
(B) Three-chambered
(C) Two-chambered
(D) Four-chambered
32. Bird heart is:
(A) Three-chambered
(B) Four-chambered
(C) Two-chambered
(D) Five-chambered
33. Mammalian heart is:
(A) One-chambered
(B) Three-chambered
(C) Two-chambered
(D) Four-chambered
34. Vertebrates have:
(A) Lateral nerve cord
(B) Ventral solid nerve cord
(C) Dorsal hollow nerve cord
(D) No nerve cord
35. Brain of vertebrates is:
(A) Well developed with specialized regions
(B) Absent
(C) Simple nerve net
(D) Ventral only
36. Vertebrate sense organs include:
(A) Only eyes
(B) Eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin
(C) Only skin
(D) Only ears
37. Vertebrates have:
(A) No kidney
(B) Single kidney only
(C) Paired kidneys for excretion
(D) Skin excretion only
38. Vertebrate limbs are:
(A) Paired
(B) Unpaired
(C) Only fins
(D) Only wings
39. Vertebrate skeleton is made of:
(A) Bone and cartilage
(B) Chitin only
(C) Keratin only
(D) Exoskeleton only
40. Fish have:
(A) Four limbs
(B) Paired and unpaired fins
(C) Wings only
(D) Legs only
41. Amphibians have:
(A) Fins only
(B) Four limbs
(C) Wings only
(D) No limbs
42. Reptiles have:
(A) Two limbs only
(B) Four limbs
(C) Fins only
(D) No limbs
43. Birds have:
(A) Fins
(B) Four wings
(C) Two forelimbs as wings
(D) Legs only
44. Mammals have:
(A) Wings only
(B) Two limbs only
(C) No limbs
(D) Four limbs adapted for various functions
45. Vertebrates exhibit:
(A) Segmentation in some internal organs
(B) No segmentation
(C) Only external segmentation
(D) None
46. Vertebrate skin is:
(A) Absent
(B) Thin only
(C) Exoskeleton only
(D) Protective, with glands and sensory structures
47. Vertebrate skeleton provides:
(A) Only movement
(B) Only protection
(C) Only support
(D) Support, protection, and leverage for movement
48. Vertebrate brain is divided into:
(A) Forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain
(B) Only forebrain
(C) Only midbrain
(D) Only hindbrain
49. Vertebrate circulatory system is:
(A) Closed
(B) Open
(C) Absent
(D) Single-chambered only
50. Vertebrate anatomy studies:
(A) Only physiology
(B) Only behavior
(C) Only genetics
(D) Structure of organs, tissues, and systems