1. : Agricultural waste management primarily focuses on?
(A) Increasing farm waste generation
(B) Proper collection, treatment, and utilization of wastes
(C) Polluting water bodies
(D) Storing waste indefinitely
2. : The most common agricultural solid waste is?
(A) Industrial plastic
(B) Crop residues
(C) Coal ash
(D) Steel scrap
3. : Manure from livestock farms is an important source of?
(A) Fuel only
(B) Organic fertilizer
(C) Air pollution
(D) Plastic waste
4. : The controlled decomposition of organic agricultural waste into nutrient-rich compost is known as?
(A) Landfilling
(B) Composting
(C) Incineration
(D) Gasification
5. : The major environmental problem associated with improper waste management is?
(A) Soil erosion
(B) Water and air pollution
(C) Increased irrigation efficiency
(D) Reduced pest attack
6. : The C:N ratio of 30:1 is considered ideal for?
(A) Landfilling
(B) Composting
(C) Gasification
(D) Incineration
7. : The liquid portion of animal waste stored in lagoons is termed as?
(A) Slurry
(B) Digestate
(C) Compost
(D) Ash
8. : Which agricultural waste is most suitable for biogas production?
(A) Stone dust
(B) Animal manure
(C) Sand
(D) Plastic mulch
9. : Vermicomposting makes use of?
(A) Termites
(B) Earthworms
(C) Beetles
(D) Mosquitoes
10. : A common method of utilizing rice husk in rural areas is?
(A) Cement replacement
(B) Fuel for boilers
(C) Animal bedding
(D) All of the above
11. : Which pollutant in animal manure causes odor nuisance?
(A) Ammonia and Hydrogen sulfide
(B) Nitrogen gas
(C) Oxygen
(D) Calcium carbonate
12. : The main cause of eutrophication from agricultural waste is?
(A) Carbon dioxide
(B) Nitrogen and phosphorus runoff
(C) Oxygen depletion from plants
(D) Potassium leaching
13. : Biogas is a mixture of mainly?
(A) Oxygen and Carbon dioxide
(B) Methane and Carbon dioxide
(C) Hydrogen and Nitrogen
(D) Sulfur dioxide and Oxygen
14. : Which of the following agricultural wastes can be used for ethanol production?
(A) Sugarcane bagasse
(B) Wheat straw
(C) Corn cobs
(D) All of the above
15. : The method of burning waste in controlled conditions for volume reduction is?
(A) Composting
(B) Incineration
(C) Vermicomposting
(D) Anaerobic digestion
16. : The by-product obtained after anaerobic digestion that can be used as fertilizer is?
(A) Slurry
(B) Digestate
(C) Ash
(D) Charcoal
17. : Agricultural plastic waste mainly comes from?
(A) Mulching films and greenhouse covers
(B) Pesticide containers
(C) Irrigation pipes
(D) All of the above
18. : A sustainable practice for agricultural waste management is?
(A) Burning crop residues
(B) Recycling and reusing by-products
(C) Dumping into rivers
(D) Open landfilling
19. : In integrated farming systems, animal manure can be directly used in?
(A) Fish ponds
(B) Irrigation tanks
(C) Cement industries
(D) Textile units
20. : The calorific value of crop residues can be harnessed by?
(A) Direct burning
(B) Biomass gasification
(C) Briquetting
(D) All of the above
21. : Which treatment method reduces pathogens in manure most effectively?
(A) Composting at high temperature
(B) Landfilling
(C) Open dumping
(D) Slurry storage
22. : Agricultural waste that causes greenhouse gas emission if unmanaged is?
(A) Manure
(B) Rice straw
(C) Food processing waste
(D) All of the above
23. : Which technology is most suitable for treating agro-industrial wastewater?
(A) Activated sludge process
(B) Septic tanks
(C) Constructed wetlands
(D) All of the above
24. : The concept of 3Rs in agricultural waste management stands for?
(A) Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
(B) Refuse, Reject, React
(C) Remove, Retain, Regulate
(D) Repair, Replace, Restore
25. : The ultimate goal of agricultural waste management is?
(A) Increase environmental pollution
(B) Sustainable agriculture and environmental protection
(C) Waste dumping in rivers
(D) Burning all residues